Wiktionary:About Chinese/Southern Pinghua

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Southern Pinghua (Chinese: 桂南平話) is a language subfamily of the Yue branch of Chinese. Currently under Wiktionary, the Yue branch does not exist, so Southern Pinghua is classified as a direct descendent family of Middle Chinese.

Nanning Pinghua

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Currently, Nanning Pinghua, the representative lect, is included in Wiktionary, with Tingzi (亭子) being the representative locality. For the romanization, Jyutping++ is adopted as below.

Initials

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Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 22 initials, including the zero-initial.

Jyutping++ IPA Examples
b /p/
p /pʰ/
m /m/
f /f/
w /β/
d /t/
t /tʰ/
n /n/
l /l/
z /t͡s/
c /t͡sʰ/
nj /ɲ/
s /s/
sl /ɬ/
j /j/
g /k/
k /kʰ/
ng /ŋ/
h /h/
gw /kʷ/
kw /kʰʷ/

Finals

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Under the current analysis, Nanning Pinghua has 49 finals, including a syllabic /ŋ̍/.

-i -u -m -n -ng -p -t -k
aa aa
/a/
aai
/ai/
aau
/au/
aam
/am/
aan
/an/
aang
/aŋ/
aap
/ap̚/
aat
/at̚/
aak
/ak̚/
a ai
/əi/
au
/əu/
am
/əm/
an
/ən/
ang
/əŋ/
ap
/əp̚/
at
/ət̚/
ak
/ək̚/
e e
/e/
eu
/eu/
em
/em/
en
/en/
iang
/iɐŋ/
ep
/ep̚/
et
/et̚/
iak
/iɐk̚/
o o
/o/
on
/on/
ot
/ot̚/
i i
/i/
iu
/iu/
im
/im/
in
/in/
ing
/ɪŋ/
ip
/ip̚/
it
/it̚/
ik
/ɪk̚/
u u
/u/
ui
/ui/
un
/un/
ung
/ʊŋ/
ut
/ut̚/
uk
/ʊk̚/
yu yu
/y/
yun
/yun/
yut
/yut̚/
oe oe
/ø/
oeng
/øŋ/
oek
/øk̚/
ng ng
/ŋ̍/

Tones

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Nanning Pinghua has 10 tones, which are represented by 6 symbols.

Jyutping++ IPA Category Examples
1 /⁵³/ light level (陰平)
2 /³³/ light rising (陰上)
3 /⁵⁵/ light departing (陰去)
4 /²¹/ dark level (陽平)
5 /²⁴/ dark rising (陽上)
6 /²²/ dark departing (陽去)
3 /⁵⁵/ upper light entering (上陰入)
2 /³³/ lower light entering (下陰入)
5 /²⁴/ upper dark entering (上陽入)
6 /²²/ lower dark entering (下陽入)

Allophonic relations

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  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we use an analysis where glides are all transferred to (part of) the initial. For example:
    • We analyse /uai ~ βai/ with initial ⟨w⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
    • We analyse /kuai ~ kwai/ with initial ⟨kw⟩ and final ⟨aai⟩.
  • As with Jyutping for Cantonese, we disallow syllables starting with a high vowel. For example:
    • ⟨ji⟩ is preferred over *⟨i⟩ for /ji ~ i/.
    • ⟨wu⟩ is preferred over *⟨u⟩ for /βu ~ u/.
    • ⟨jyu⟩ is preferred over *⟨yu⟩ for /jy ~ y/.
    • However, for our analysis, /iɐ/ does not count as starting with a high vowel, because it is an allophone of /e/ before /ŋ/ and /k̚/, so ⟨iak⟩ /iɐk̚/ and ⟨jak⟩ /jək̚/ are both valid syllables.

Input format

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In the pronunciation section of each entry, under the {{zh-pron}} template, use the |sp= parameter to indicate the pronunciation of the entry in Jyutping++ as described above. Use commas , without spaces to separate alternate readings.

|sp=njoek5,njyu6


|sp=njyu6 mai5


See also

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