煎

煎 U+714E, 煎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-714E ← 煍 [U+714D] CJK Unified Ideographs 煏 → [U+714F]

Translingual

Han character

煎 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, Cangjie input 廿月弓火 (TBNF), four-corner 8033₂, composition ⿱前灬)

Derived characters

• 𠿏, 𢶕, 𣜭, 𤐄, 𧬫

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 676, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19184
• Dae Jaweon: page 1087, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2222, character 2
• Unihan data for U+714E

Chinese

trad.		煎
simp. #		煎
alternative forms		𤋎 㷙 𤌺 𤎴 𤎵

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (前) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
媊	*ʔslel, *ʔslenʔ
煎	*ʔslen, *ʔslens
湔	*ʔslen, *ʔslens, *ʔsleːn, *zleːn
鬋	*ʔslen, *ʔslenʔ, *ʔslens
剪	*ʔslenʔ
翦	*ʔslenʔ
譾	*ʔslenʔ
揃	*ʔslenʔ
箭	*ʔslens
葥	*ʔslens
前	*zleːn
騚	*zleːn
歬	*zleːn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔslen, *ʔslens): phonetic 前 (OC *zleːn) + semantic 火 (“fire”).

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jian¹

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): jiǎn

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zin¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): zin¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): den¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): jien¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chiên

  (Hailu, HRS): zien^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): jiên¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): jie¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cíng
• Eastern Min (BUC): ciĕng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zyor¹ / zoe¹ / zua¹ / zyann¹ / ziann¹ / zeng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): choaⁿ / chian

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ziang¹ / ziêng¹

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jieng¹

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zin¹
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹ci / ¹tsie / ¹tsi / ¹cie / ¹cien
  • (Jinhua): ¹tsie; ¹tsian
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zienn¹ / zienn⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jian
    • Wade–Giles: chien¹
    • Yale: jyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: jian¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gian
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: jiǎn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiã²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zin¹
    • Yale: jīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: jin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siːn⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: zin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sin²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: den¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ten³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: jien¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiɛn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiên
    • Hakka Romanization System: jien^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: jian¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯en²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zien^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sien⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: jiên¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ɕiɛn⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: jie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕie¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cíng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ciĕng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sieŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zyor¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cio̤ⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syɒ⁵³³/
  • (Jiangkou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zoe¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœ⁵³³/
  • (Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zua¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sua⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zyann¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sỹã⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ziann¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sĩã⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian, Jiangkou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ceng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛŋ⁵³³/
  • (Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡se̞ŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: zeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

• zyor1/zoe1/zua1/zyann1/ziann1 - vernacular;
• zeng1 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choaⁿ / chian
    • Tâi-lô: tsuann / tsian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zvoaf, ciefn
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡suã⁴⁴/, /t͡siɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡suã³³/, /t͡siɛn³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡suã⁴⁴/, /t͡siɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡suã⁴⁴/, /t͡siɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡suã⁴⁴/, /t͡siɛn⁴⁴/

Note:

• choaⁿ - vernacular (“to boil (a liquid)/to simmer in water”);
• chian - literary ("to pan-fry").

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ziang¹ / ziêng¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsiang / tsieng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³³/, /t͡sieŋ³³/

Note:

• ziang1 - Shantou;
• ziêng1 - Chaozhou.

• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: jieng¹
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡sieŋ³⁵/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: zin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sin⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ¹ci
    • MiniDict: ci^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹ji
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕi⁵²/
  • (Northern: Jiading, Suzhou, Changzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsie
    • MiniDict: tsie^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sɪ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sɪ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡sɪ⁵⁵/
  • (Northern: Songjiang)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsi
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡si⁵³/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Jiaxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹cie
    • MiniDict: cie^平
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡ɕie⁵³/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ¹cien
    • MiniDict: cien^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕiẽ̞³³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕiẽ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕĩ⁵³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsie; ¹tsian
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sie³³⁴/, /t͡siã³³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zienn¹ / zienn⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si̯ẽ³³/, /t͡si̯ẽ⁴⁵/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi̯ẽ³³/, /t͡ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵/

Note: zienn4 - used in 煎油.

---

• Middle Chinese: tsjen

Rime
Character	煎
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子仙切
Baxter	tsjen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sian/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛn/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslen/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	煎
Reading #	1/2
No.	10241
Phonetic component	前
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	煎
Old Chinese	/*ʔslen/

Definitions

煎

1. to pan-fry

   煎牛排  ―  jiān niúpái  ―  pan-fried steak

2. to simmer in water; to decoct

   煎藥／煎药  ―  jiānyào  ―  to decoct medicine

3. (literary) to smelt
4. (literary) to torment; to torture
5. Classifier for decoctions.
6. (Hokkien) to boil (a liquid)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 煎 (“to pan-fry”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		煎
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	煎
	Malaysia	煎
	Singapore	煎
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	煎
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	煎
	Xi'an	煎
Southwestern Mandarin	Guilin	煎
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	煎
Cantonese	Guangzhou	煎
	Hong Kong	煎
	Singapore (Guangfu)	煎
Gan	Nanchang	煎
	Lichuan	煎
	Pingxiang	煎
Hakka	Meixian	煎, 燩
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	煎
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	煎
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	煎
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	煎
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	煎
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	煎
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	煎
Southern Min	Xiamen	煎
	Tainan	煎
	Penang (Hokkien)	煎
	Singapore (Hokkien)	煎
	Manila (Hokkien)	煎
	Shantou	烙
	Jieyang	烙
	Singapore (Teochew)	烙
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	煎
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	煎
Wu	Shanghai	煎
	Shanghai (Chongming)	煎
	Ningbo	搨
	Ningbo (Zhenhai)	搨
	Ningbo (Fenghua)	搨
	Zhoushan	搨

Compounds

• 二煎
• 交煎
• 以煎止燔
• 厭煎 / 厌煎
• 孜煎 (zījiān)
• 急急煎煎
• 急煎煎
• 愁煎
• 憂煎 / 忧煎
• 懨煎 / 恹煎
• 朮煎 / 术煎
• 枯煎
• 梅煎
• 河煎
• 油煎
• 沸煎
• 油煎火燎
• 油煎火辣
• 淹煎
• 炰煎
• 炮煎
• 烹煎
• 焚煎
• 焦煎
• 煎促
• 煎劑 / 煎剂
• 煎厥
• 煎和
• 煎唧
• 煎堆 (jiānduī)
• 煎夫
• 煎心
• 煎悴
• 煎情
• 煎擾 / 煎扰
• 煎敖 (jiān'áo)
• 煎服 (jiānfú)
• 煎水作冰
• 煎沸
• 煎淚 / 煎泪
• 煎湯 / 煎汤
• 煎湯洗臀 / 煎汤洗臀
• 煎灼
• 煎炒 (jiānchǎo)
• 煎炙
• 煎烹
• 煎煮
• 煎煩 / 煎烦
• 煩煎 / 烦煎
• 煎煎
• 煎蒸
• 煎熬 (jiān'áo)
• 煎燈 / 煎灯
• 煎爍 / 煎烁
• 煎督
• 煎米
• 煎糜
• 煎罵 / 煎骂
• 煎聒
• 煎膏炊骨
• 煎膠續弦 / 煎胶续弦
• 煎茶 (jiānchá)
• 煎藥 / 煎药 (jiānyào)
• 煎蛋捲 / 煎蛋卷 (jiāndànjuǎn)
• 煎調 / 煎调
• 煎豆摘瓜
• 煎蹙
• 煎迫
• 煎逼
• 煎銷 / 煎销
• 煎鎔 / 煎镕
• 煎鑠 / 煎铄
• 煎靡
• 煎餅 / 煎饼 (jiānbǐng)
• 煎鹽 / 煎盐
• 煎點 / 煎点
• 熬煎 (áojiān)
• 熬熬煎煎
• 燃萁煎豆
• 爊煎
• 甲煎
• 百藥煎 / 百药煎
• 相煎
• 相煎何急
• 相煎太急
• 私煎
• 腹熱心煎 / 腹热心煎
• 膏火自煎
• 苦煎
• 萁豆相煎
• 薄煎餅 / 薄煎饼 (bójiānbǐng)
• 蚵仔煎 (ô-á-chian, “oyster omelette”)
• 蜜煎
• 蜜煎煎
• 豆萁相煎
• 貧煎 / 贫煎
• 鬥煎 / 斗煎
• 黏煎

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (煎):

• → Japanese: 煎(せん) (sen)
• → Korean: 전(煎) (jeon)

Others:

• → Khmer: ជៀន (ciən)
• → Thai: เจี๋ยน (jǐian)
• → Vietnamese: chiên
• → Zhuang: cien

See also

• 煸 (biān)
• 炒 (chǎo)
• 炸 (zhá)

References

• “煎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴
    • Yale: jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsjenH

Rime
Character	煎
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	子賤切
Baxter	tsjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡siᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡siɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sjænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sianH/
Li Rong	/t͡siɛnH/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭɛnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡si̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zin3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslens/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	煎
Reading #	2/2
No.	10254
Phonetic component	前
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	箭
Old Chinese	/*ʔslens/

Definitions

煎

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• “煎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “煎”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 213.

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	煎󠄀 煎+󠄀? (Adobe-Japan1)
煎󠄂 煎+󠄂? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Print standard	煎
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

煎

(Jōyō kanji)

1. roast, boil, parch, broil
2. jeon (Korean food)
3. infusion (tea)

Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
• Kun: いる (iru, 煎る, Jōyō)、にる (niru, 煎る)、いり (iri, 煎り)、せんじる (senjiru, 煎じる)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 煎 (MC tsjen, “to decoct”).

Pronunciation

• • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕɘ(ː)n]
  • Phonetic hangul: [전(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

煎 (eumhun 달일 전 (daril jeon))

1. hanja form^? of 전 (“to decoct; jeon”)

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 煎

Vietnamese

Han character

煎: Hán Nôm readings: tiên, chiên, tan, tãn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.