鴉
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]鴉 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+4, 15 strokes, cangjie input 一竹竹日火 (MHHAF), four-corner 17227, composition ⿰牙鳥)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1484, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46738
- Dae Jaweon: page 2016, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4618, character 14
- Unihan data for U+9D09
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 鴉 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 鸦 | |
alternative forms | 鵶 𩿎 𪀨 𪀹 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *qraː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka-n (“crow”). Doublet of 烏 (OC *qaː, “crow; raven”) . The Middle Chinese of 鴉 retains the earlier vowel.
Schuessler (2007) disputes Old Chinese reconstructions with medial *-r-, reasoning that 鴉's place among Division II syllables (often from Old Chinese syllables containing *-r-) results rather from archaism which preserves the original vowel's quality.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ia1
- Northern Min (KCR): á
- Eastern Min (BUC): ă / uă
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ia; 1o
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ia1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ya
- Wade–Giles: ya1
- Yale: yā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ia
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: aa1
- Yale: ā
- Cantonese Pinyin: aa1
- Guangdong Romanization: a1
- Sinological IPA (key): /aː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: a1 / a1*
- Sinological IPA (key): /a³³/, /a³³⁻³³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: â
- Hakka Romanization System: aˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: a1
- Sinological IPA: /a²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ia1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ia¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: á
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ă / uă
- Sinological IPA (key): /a⁵⁵/, /ua⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note: uă - used in 老鴉.
Note: 1ia - literary, 1o - vernacular.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: ia1
- Sinological IPA (key): /i̯a̠³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 鴉 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ia⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ia⁴⁴/ 烏~ /ia²¹³/ ~片 | |
Tianjin | /iɑ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /ia²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ia⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ia²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /ia²¹/ | |
Xining | /ia⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ia⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /ia¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ia⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /ia⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /ia⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /ia⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /ia̠⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /iɑ³¹/ | |
Hefei | /ia²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ia¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /iɑ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ia³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /o⁵³/ /ia⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /o⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /ʔiɑ³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /o³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ia³¹/ /ŋa³¹/ |
Tunxi | /ŋɔ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ia³³/ |
Xiangtan | /iɒ³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ŋɑ⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /a⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /ɑ²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /a⁵⁵/ |
Nanning | /a⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /a⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /a⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /a⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /a⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /a³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /za³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: 'ae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤra/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qraː/
Definitions
[edit]鴉
- crow; raven
- 民食芻豢,麋鹿食薦,蝍且甘帶,鴟鴉耆鼠,四者孰知正味? [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Mín shí chúhuàn, mílù shí jiàn, jíqiě gān dài, chīyā qí shǔ, sì zhě shú zhī zhèngwèi? [Pinyin]
- Men eat animals that have been fed on grain and grass; elaphures feed on the thick-set grass; centipedes enjoy small snakes; owls and crows delight in mice; but does any one of the four know the right taste?
民食刍豢,麋鹿食荐,蝍且甘带,鸱鸦耆鼠,四者孰知正味? [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 信筆塗鴉/信笔涂鸦
- 嘔鴉/呕鸦
- 堆鴉/堆鸦
- 塗鴉/涂鸦 (túyā)
- 宮鴉/宫鸦
- 寒鴉/寒鸦 (hányā)
- 彩鳳隨鴉/彩凤随鸦
- 木老鴉/木老鸦
- 水老鴉/水老鸦
- 烏鴉/乌鸦 (wūyā)
- 烏鴉嘴/乌鸦嘴 (wūyāzuǐ)
- 烏鴉閃蛋/乌鸦闪蛋
- 盤鴉/盘鸦
- 青鴉鴉/青鸦鸦
- 非鴉非鳳/非鸦非凤
- 鬢若堆鴉/鬓若堆鸦
- 鴉嘴鋤/鸦嘴锄
- 鴉巢生鳳/鸦巢生凤
- 鴉烏/鸦乌
- 鴉片/鸦片 (yāpiàn)
- 鴉片戰爭/鸦片战争 (Yāpiàn Zhànzhēng)
- 鴉片煙/鸦片烟 (yāpiànyān)
- 鴉片罪/鸦片罪
- 鴉膽子/鸦胆子 (yādǎnzǐ)
- 鴉舅/鸦舅
- 鴉雀不聞/鸦雀不闻
- 鴉雀無聞/鸦雀无闻
- 鴉雀無聲/鸦雀无声 (yāquèwúshēng)
- 鴉青/鸦青
- 鴉青鈔/鸦青钞
- 鴉頭襪/鸦头袜
- 鴉飛鵲亂/鸦飞鹊乱
- 鴉髻/鸦髻
- 鴉鬟/鸦鬟
- 鴉鬢/鸦鬓
- 鴉鵲不聞/鸦鹊不闻
- 鴉鵲嶺/鸦鹊岭 (Yāquèlǐng)
- 鴉鵲無聲/鸦鹊无声
- 鴉黃/鸦黄
- 鴉默雀靜/鸦默雀静 (yāmoqiǎojìng)
- 鶻入鴉群/鹘入鸦群
- 鷗鴉/鸥鸦
- 墨鴉/墨鸦
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 鴉片 (ahen, “opium”)
- 鴉鷺 (aro, “crow and heron; black and white”)
- 寒鴉 (kan'a, “winter crow”)
- 暁鴉 (gyōa, “crow cawing in the morning”)
- 宿鴉 (shukua, “roosting crow”)
- 乱鴉 (ran'a, “wildly flying crows”)
Etymology
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
鴉 |
からす Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 鴉 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 鴉, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Kikai
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Noun
[edit]鴉 or 鴉 (garasā or garusā)
- Alternative form of 烏
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Northern Amami Ōshima
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Noun
[edit]鴉 (karasï)
- Alternative form of 烏
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Noun
[edit]鴉 (garashi)
- Alternative form of 烏
Okinoerabu
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Noun
[edit]鴉 (garashi)
- Alternative form of 烏
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]鴉: Hán Việt readings: nha[1][2][3][4][5]
鴉: Nôm readings: a[6], ác[1]
References
[edit]Yonaguni
[edit]Kanji
[edit]鴉
Noun
[edit]鴉 (garachi)
- Alternative form of 烏
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