加

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See also: 叻 and 另
加 U+52A0, 加
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52A0
← 功
[U+529F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 务 →
[U+52A1]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
5 strokes

Han character[edit]

加 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 大尸口 (KSR), four-corner 46000, composition ⿰力口)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 146, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2297
  • Dae Jaweon: page 329, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 366, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52A0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 加

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 加
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
加-bronze.svg 加-silk.svg 加-seal.svg 加-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (加) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
妿 *kaːl, *qaːl
賀 *ɡaːls
迦 *ka, *kal, *kraːl
茄 *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
伽 *ɡa, *ɡal
枷 *ɡa, *ɡal, *kraːl
嘉 *kraːl
加 *kraːl
笳 *kraːl
痂 *kraːl
袈 *kraːl
跏 *kraːl
珈 *kraːl
鴐 *kraːl
架 *kraːls
駕 *kraːls
瘸 *ɡʷal

According to Shuowen, Ideogrammic compound (會意): 力 (“plow”) + 口 (“mouth”) - a mouth ordering a cow over a plow.

Etymology[edit]

駕 (OC *kraːls, “to yoke”) is the exopassive of 加 (OC *kraːl, “to add; to attach”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲལ (khral, “to impose a tax”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • ka/kee - literary;
  • ke - vernacular.
Note: gê1 - dialectal ("many, excessive").
Rime
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 古牙切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ka/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ka/
Wang
Li 		/ka/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ka/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaa1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*kˁraj/
English add

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 加
Reading # 1/1
No. 5873
Phonetic
component 		加
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		嘉
Old
Chinese 		/*kraːl/

Definitions[edit]

加

  1. to put on top of another object
  2. to add; to put in
    加鹽 / 加盐  ―  jiā yán  ―  to add salt
  3. to increase; to raise
  4. to impose; to foist; to grant
  5. placed after a monosyllabic adverb to indicate an increase in the degree; more
  6. (arithmetic) to add
    Antonym: 減／减 (jiǎn)
  7. (social media) to friend
    掃碼加我 / 扫码加我  ―  sǎomǎ jiā wǒ  ―  scan the QR code to friend me
    加你微信  ―  jiā nǐ Wēixìn  ―  to add your WeChat
  8. Short for 加拿大 (Jiānádà, “Canada”).
  9. a surname.

Synonyms[edit]

  • (to increase):
edit
Synonyms of 加

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 加

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

加

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. add, addition, increase
  2. Canada

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
加
か
Grade: 4
kan’on

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

加(か) • (ka) 

  1. addition

Affix[edit]

加(か) • (ka) 

  1. addition
  2. Short for 加奈陀 (“Canada (a country)”).
  3. (US) Short for 加州 (“California (a state of the United States)”).

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

加 (eumhun 더할 가 (deohal ga))

  1. Hanja form? of 가 (“to add”).

Compounds[edit]

  1. 加入 (가입)
  2. 加濕機 (가습기)
  3. 追加 (추가)
  4. 增加 (증가)
  5. 參加 (참가)
  6. 添加 (첨가)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

加: Hán Nôm readings: gia[1], chơ[2]

  1. (chiefly in compounds) to increase, to add

References[edit]

  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
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