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施

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
施 U+65BD, 施
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65BD
← 於
[U+65BC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 斾 →
[U+65BE]

Translingual

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Han character

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施 (Kangxi radical 70, 方+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜尸人心木 (YSOPD), four-corner 08212, composition ⿸𭤨也)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 482, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13629
  • Dae Jaweon: page 843, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2176, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+65BD

Chinese

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trad. 施
simp. # 施
alternative forms 𢒃
弛
施
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (也) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
他 *l̥ʰaːl
拖 *l̥ʰaːl, *l̥ʰaːls
駞 *l'aːl
池 *l'aːl, *l'al
灺 *ljalʔ
鍦 *ɦljaːl, *hljal, *hljals
虵 *ɦljal, *laːlʔ, *lal
也 *laːlʔ
忚 *hleːl
髢 *l'eːls
杝 *l̥ʰalʔ, *l'alʔ, *lal
肔 *l̥ʰalʔ, *lalʔ
馳 *l'al
阤 *l'alʔ, *hljalʔ
施 *hljal, *hljals
絁 *hljal
葹 *hljal
弛 *hljalʔ
箷 *lal
衪 *lel, *lalʔ
暆 *lel
迆 *lal, *lalʔ
酏 *lal, *lalʔ
匜 *lal, *lalʔ
迤 *lalʔ
扡 *lalʔ
崺 *lalʔ
貤 *lals, *ɦljels, *lels
地 *l'els

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljal, *hljals): semantic 㫃 + phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ).

Etymology

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Cognate with Burmese လျား (lya:, “to extend, protract”) (Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • si1 - literary (incl. surname);
  • syor1/soe1/sua1/se1 - vernacular (“to spill”).
Note:
  • si - literary (incl. surname);
  • soa - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 施
Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/ 设～
/ʂʐ̩²⁴/ ～工
Tianjin /sz̩²¹/
Jinan /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Xi'an /sz̩²¹/
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹/
Ürümqi /sz̩⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sz̩⁵⁵/
Chengdu /sz̩⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sz̩⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʂʐ̩³¹/
Hefei /ʂʐ̩²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/
Wu Shanghai /sz̩⁵³/
Suzhou /sz̩ʷ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sz̩³³/
Wenzhou /sz̩³³/
Hui Shexian /sz̩³¹/
Tunxi /sz̩¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩³³/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩³³/
Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /sï²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /si⁵³/
Nanning /si⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /si⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /si⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sie⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /si⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /si³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ti²³/
Rime
Character 施
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 式支切
Baxter sye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ɕie/
Wang
Li 		/ɕǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		si1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 施
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sye ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥aj/
English give, bestow

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 施
Reading # 1/2
No. 14783
Phonetic
component 		也
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		䌳
Old
Chinese 		/*hljal/

Definitions

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施

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese, ideophonic) flag fluttering; flag waving
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) flag ornament
  3. to give; to render
  4. to spread (something)
  5. to set up; to put in place; to establish
  6. to use; to utilise
  7. to put into force; to implement
  8. to apply; to add
  9. to teach; to instruct
  10. to convict; to judge
  11. to display a corpse
  12. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to reproduce
  13. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Meaningless particle.
  14. a surname, Shi
    施耐庵  ―  Shī Nài'ān  ―  Shi Nai'an (traditionally ascribed author of Water Margin)
Synonyms
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  • (to give):
  • (to implement):
  • (to add):

Descendants

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Compounds

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Also includes Pronunciation 2

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 施
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 施智切
Baxter syeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕiᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕjɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕiə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/ɕieH/
Wang
Li 		/ɕǐeH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		si3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 施
Reading # 2/2
No. 14789
Phonetic
component 		也
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		翅
Old
Chinese 		/*hljals/

Definitions

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施

  1. kindness; favour
  2. to disperse; to become spread
  3. to grant; to bestow; to give

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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施

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to extend to; to reach
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 移 (yí, “to change”)

Pronunciation 4

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Definitions

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施

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 弛 (“to cast away; to relieve”)
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 侈 (chǐ, “to boast”)

Pronunciation 5

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Definitions

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施

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 邪 (“awry”)
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) used in 施施 (yíyí, “walking in a crooked way”)

References

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  • “施”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “施”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 159.

Japanese

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Kanji

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施

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. to give
  2. to bestow
  3. to perform
  4. alms

Readings

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  • Go-on: い (i)、せ (se, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: い (i)、し (shi, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ほどこす (hodokosu, 施す, Jōyō)、しく (shiku, 施く)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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Hanja

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施 (eumhun 베풀 시 (bepul si))

  1. to give (to help, to benefit)
  2. conduct

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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施 (eumhun 옮길 이 (omgil i))

  1. widespread; breed
  2. reveal
  3. boast; exaggerate

Vietnamese

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Han character

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施: Hán Nôm readings: thí

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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