式

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式 U+5F0F, 式
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F0F
← 弎
[U+5F0E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 弐 →
[U+5F10]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character[edit]

式 (Kangxi radical 56, 弋+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 戈心一 (IPM), four-corner 43100, composition ⿹弋工)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 355, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9663
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 558, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5F0F

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 式

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (弋) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
戴 *ʔl'ɯːɡs
襶 *tɯːɡs
貸 *l̥ʰɯːɡs
代 *l'ɯːɡs
袋 *l'ɯːɡs
岱 *l'ɯːɡs
黛 *l'ɯːɡs
玳 *l'ɯːɡs
帒 *l'ɯːɡs
甙 *l'ɯːɡs
酨 *l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs
試 *hljɯɡs
弒 *hljɯɡs
忒 *l̥ʰɯːɡ
貣 *l̥ʰɯːɡ, *l'ɯːɡ
鴏 *l'ɯːɡ
栻 *l̥ʰɯɡ, *hljɯɡ
侙 *l̥ʰɯɡ
恜 *l̥ʰɯɡ
式 *hljɯɡ
軾 *hljɯɡ
拭 *hljɯɡ
鉽 *hljɯɡ
烒 *hljɯɡ
弋 *lɯɡ
芅 *lɯɡ
黓 *lɯɡ
隿 *lɯɡ
杙 *lɯɡ
釴 *lɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljɯɡ): phonetic 弋 (OC *lɯɡ) + semantic 工 (“work”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • sek/siak - literary;
  • sit - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 式
    Mandarin Beijing /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    Harbin /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
    Tianjin /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
    Jinan /ʂʐ̩²¹/
    Qingdao /ʃz̩⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩³¹²/
    Xi'an /ʂʐ̩²¹/
    Xining /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʂʐ̩¹³/
    Ürümqi /ʂʐ̩²¹³/
    Wuhan /sz̩³⁵/
    Chengdu /sz̩¹³/
    Guiyang /sz̩²¹³/
    Kunming /ʂʐ̩²¹²/
    Nanjing /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴/
    Hefei /ʂʐ̩⁵³/
    Jin Taiyuan /səʔ²/
    Pingyao /ʂʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /səʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /səʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /səʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /səʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /sei²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /ɕiʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /ɕi⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
    Gan Nanchang /sɨʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /sət̚¹/
    Taoyuan /ʃït̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /sek̚⁵/
    Nanning /sek̚⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /sik̚⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sik̚³²/
    /sit̚³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sɛiʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /si²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /sek̚²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /tek̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 式
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 蒸 (134)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 賞職切
    Baxter syik
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕɨk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕɨk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕiek̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕik̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiək̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯ək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sik1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 式 式
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shì shì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syik › ‹ syik ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l̥ək/ /*l̥ək/
    English pattern to wipe

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 式
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 14980
    Phonetic
    component         		弋
    Rime
    group         		職
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		識
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hljɯɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    式

    1. (literary, or in compounds) standard; established practice; norm
    2. (literary, or in compounds) type; style; pattern
    3. (literary, or in compounds) ritual; ceremony
    4. (literary, or in compounds) example
    5. (mathematics, chemistry) formula (Classifier: 條／条 c)
    6. (grammar) tense
    7. (grammar) mood; mode
      敘述式／叙述式  ―  xùshùshì  ―  indicative mood
    8. † to follow the example of
    9. † to set an example
    10. † Alternative form of 試／试 (shì, “to apply”)
    11. † Alternative form of 軾／轼 (shì, “to perform a rite”)

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (standard):
    • (type):
    • (ritual):
    • (example):

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    式

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    式(しき) • (shiki) 

    1. type, style
    2. (mathematics) a formula or expression
    3. ceremony, ritual, function

    Suffix[edit]

    式(しき) • (-shiki) 

    1. ceremony
    2. formula, expression
    3. style

    Compounds[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    式 (eumhun 법 식 (beop sik))

    1. Hanja form? of 식 (“type”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    式: Hán Nôm readings: thức, sức

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