規範

See also: 规范

Chinese

		compass; rule	model
trad. (規範)		規	範
simp. (规范)		规	范

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): guīfàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ ㄈㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gui¹ fan⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai¹ faan⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kûi-fam

  (Hailu, HRS): gui^ˋ fam^˖

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kui-hoān / kui-hoǎn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gui¹ huang⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹kue-ve₆

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guīfàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gueifàn
    • Wade–Giles: kuei¹-fan⁴
    • Yale: gwēi-fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gueifann
    • Palladius: гуйфань (gujfanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ fän⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 規範 / 规范 閨範 / 闺范

  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gui¹ fan⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: guifan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuei⁵⁵ fan²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: kwai¹ faan⁶
    • Yale: kwāi faahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwai¹ faan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuei¹ fan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯⁵⁵ faːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi-fam
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˊ fam
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gui¹ fam⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ fam⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: gui^ˋ fam^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /kui⁵³ fam³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-hoān
    • Tâi-lô: kui-huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kui'hoan
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kui⁴⁴⁻²² huan²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kui⁴⁴⁻³³ huan³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kui-hoǎn
    • Tâi-lô: kui-huǎn
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kui³³ huan²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gui¹ huang⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kui huăng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kui³³⁻²³ huaŋ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹kue-ve₆
    • MiniDict: kue^平 ve^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kue-ve₃
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kue⁵⁵ ve²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kjwie bjomX

Rime
Character	規	範
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	支 (12)	凡 (146)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居隋切	防錽切
Baxter	kjwie	bjomX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kiuᴇ/	/bɨɐmX/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷiɛ/	/biɐmX/
Shao Rongfen	/kjuɛ/	/biɐmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwiə̆/	/buamX/
Li Rong	/kiue/	/biɐmX/
Wang Li	/kǐwe/	/bĭwɐmX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kwie̯/	/bʱi̯wɐmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai1	faan6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷe  [b](r)omʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷel  bomʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	規	範
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guī	fàn
Middle Chinese	‹ kjwie ›	‹ bjomX ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷe/	/*[b](r)omʔ/
English	compass, circle	casting mold
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	規	範
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	4604	2981
Phonetic component	規	氾
Rime group	歌	談
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	𩓸	范
Old Chinese	/*kʷel/	/*bomʔ/
Notes	小徐見聲，與圜同源；古亦同窺，夫或癸省文

Noun

規範

1. standard; norm; regulation

   行為規範／行为规范  ―  xíngwéi guīfàn  ―  behavioural norms

   學術規範／学术规范  ―  xuéshù guīfàn  ―  academic standards

   行業規範／行业规范  ―  hángyè guīfàn  ―  industry norms

   做人的規範／做人的规范  ―  zuòrén de guīfàn  ―  standards of ethical conduct

Synonyms

edit

• 判準 / 判准 (pànzhǔn)
• 基準 / 基准 (jīzhǔn)
• 尺寸 (chǐcùn)
• 尺度 (chǐdù)
• 尺碼 / 尺码 (chǐmǎ)
• 尺頭兒 / 尺头儿 (chǐtóur) (regional)
• 平臺 / 平台 (píngtái)
• 度程 (dùchéng) (literary)
• 式 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 格 (gé) (literary, or in compounds)
• 格式 (géshì)
• 標準 / 标准 (biāozhǔn)
• 水準 / 水准 (shuǐzhǔn)
• 法度 (fǎdù)
• 準則 / 准则 (zhǔnzé)
• 準繩 / 准绳 (zhǔnshéng)
• 規格 / 规格 (guīgé)
• 道揆 (dàokuí) (Classical Chinese)

Adjective

規範

1. standard; normal; regular

Synonyms

edit

• 標準 / 标准 (biāozhǔn)
• 正式 (zhèngshì)
• 正經 / 正经
• 正規 / 正规 (zhèngguī)

Verb

規範

1. to standardise; to normalise; to regulate

Synonyms

edit

• 標準化 / 标准化 (biāozhǔnhuà)
• 規制 / 规制 (guīzhì)
• 規範化 / 规范化 (guīfànhuà)

Derived terms

• 庫侖規範 / 库仑规范
• 性規範 / 性规范
• 社會規範 / 社会规范 (shèhuì guīfàn)
• 規範倫理學 / 规范伦理学
• 規範化 / 规范化 (guīfànhuà)
• 規範場論 / 规范场论
• 規範字 / 规范字 (guīfànzì)
• 規範性 / 规范性 (guīfànxìng)
• 規範控制 / 规范控制 (guīfàn kòngzhì)
• 規範科學 / 规范科学
• 規範詞素 / 规范词素
• 超規範子 / 超规范子 (chāoguīfànzǐ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (規範):

• → Japanese: 規(き)範(はん) (kihan)
• → Korean: 규범(規範) (gyubeom)
• → Vietnamese: quy phạm (規範)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
規	範
き Grade: 5	はん Grade: S
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
軌範

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きはん [kìháń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [kʲihã̠ɴ]

Noun

規(き)範(はん) • (kihan) 

1. norm; standard

Synonyms

• 模(も)範(はん) (mohan)

See also

• 行動規範

References

• “規範”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025

Korean

Hanja in this term
規	範

Noun

規範 • (gyubeom) (hangeul 규범)

1. hanja form^? of 규범 (“standard; norm”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
規	範

Noun

規範

1. chữ Hán form of quy phạm (“standard; regulation; model”)