布施

See also: 佈施

Chinese

		to declare; to announce; to spread to declare; to announce; to spread; to make known; spread; (cotton) cloth	distribute (alms); to do; to execute distribute (alms); to do; to execute; to carry out
trad. (布施/佈施)		布/佈	施
simp. (布施)		布	施

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bùshī

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄨˋ ㄕ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bou³ si¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pò͘-si

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bùshī
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄨˋ ㄕ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bùshih
    • Wade–Giles: pu⁴-shih¹
    • Yale: bù-shr̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: buhshy
    • Palladius: буши (buši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bou³ si¹
    • Yale: bou sī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bou³ si¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bou³ xi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou̯³³ siː⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pò͘-si
    • Tâi-lô: pòo-si
    • Phofsit Daibuun: porsy
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ si⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /pɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: puH sye

Rime
Character	布	施
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	愽故切	式支切
Baxter	puH	sye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puoH/	/ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/puoH/	/ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/poH/	/ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pɔH/	/ɕiə̆/
Li Rong	/poH/	/ɕie/
Wang Li	/puH/	/ɕǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/puoH/	/ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bù	shī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bou3	si1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤa-s  l̥aj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*paːs  hljal/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	布	施
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bù	shī
Middle Chinese	‹ puH ›	‹ sye ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁa-s/	/*l̥aj/
English	cloth	give, bestow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	布	施
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	3495	14783
Phonetic component	父	也
Rime group	魚	歌
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime		䌳
Old Chinese	/*paːs/	/*hljal/

Verb

布施

1. to give in the name of charity; to give to the poor; to distribute alms
2. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) to practice dana

Synonyms

• (to give in the name of charity):

edit

• 散施 (sànshī) (literary)
• 施捨 / 施舍 (shīshě)

Noun

布施

1. (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) dana

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (布施):

• → Japanese: 布施(ふせ) (fuse)
• → Korean: 보시(布施) (bosi)
• → Vietnamese: bố thí (布施)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
布	施
ふ Grade: 5	せ Grade: S
goon

Etymology

Calque of Sanskrit दान (dāna, “generosity, giving”). Compare 檀那 (danna).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ふせ [fùséꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• (Tokyo) ふせ [fùsé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟se̞]

Noun

布(ふ)施(せ) • (fuse) ^{←ふせ (fuse)?}

1. (Buddhism) dana

Verb

布(ふ)施(せ)する • (fuse suru) ^{←ふせす (fuse su)?}suru (stem 布(ふ)施(せ)し (fuse shi), past 布(ふ)施(せ)した (fuse shita))

1. (Buddhism) to practice dana

Conjugation

Conjugation of "布施する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	布施し	ふせし	fuse shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	布施し	ふせし	fuse shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	布施する	ふせする	fuse suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	布施する	ふせする	fuse suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	布施すれ	ふせすれ	fuse sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	布施せよ¹ 布施しろ²	ふせせよ¹ ふせしろ²	fuse seyo¹ fuse shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	布施される	ふせされる	fuse sareru
Causative	布施させる 布施さす	ふせさせる ふせさす	fuse saseru fuse sasu
Potential	布施できる	ふせできる	fuse dekiru
Volitional	布施しよう	ふせしよう	fuse shiyō
Negative	布施しない	ふせしない	fuse shinai
Negative continuative	布施せず	ふせせず	fuse sezu
Formal	布施します	ふせします	fuse shimasu
Perfective	布施した	ふせした	fuse shita
Conjunctive	布施して	ふせして	fuse shite
Hypothetical conditional	布施すれば	ふせすれば	fuse sureba

¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative

Proper noun

布(ふ)施(せ) • (Fuse) ^{←ふせ (Fuse)?}

1. Fuse (multiple neighborhoods in Japan):
   1. a neighborhood of Minakami, Tone district, Gunma Prefecture
   2. a neighborhood of Takatsuki, Ika district, Shiga Prefecture
   3. The neighborhoods of Ōnan, Ōchi district and of Okinoshima, Oki district; in Shimane Prefecture
   4. The neighborhoods of Abiko and Kashiwa, Chiba Prefecture
   5. a neighborhood of Himi, Toyama Prefecture
   6. a neighborhood of Saku, Nagano Prefecture
   7. a neighborhood of Chūō, Yamanashi Prefecture
2. a former city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan; now an area of western Higashiōsaka, Osaka Prefecture
3. a surname

   布(ふ)施(せ)現(げん)之(の)助(すけ)

   Fuse Gennosuke

   Gennosuke Fuse, anatomist known for the Kölliker–Fuse nucleus

References

• “布施”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026