दान

See also: -दान and दाना

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀡 (dāṇa), from Sanskrit दान (dāna).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːn/, [d̪ä̃ːn]

Noun

दान • (dān) m (Urdu spelling دان)

1. donation, charity, gift, offering, something given

Declension

Declension of दान (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	दान dān	दान dān
oblique	दान dān	दानों dānõ
vocative	दान dān	दानो dāno

References

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975), “दान”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. “Sea of Hindi words”] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 2252
• Caturvedi, Mahendra; Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970), “दान”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 311
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “दान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 490
• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “दान”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons, page 306.

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit दान (dāná).

Noun

दान • (dāna) n

1. gift

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• dāna (Latin script)
• 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• দান (Bengali script)
• දාන (Sinhalese script)
• ဒါန or ၻႃၼ (Burmese script)
• ทาน or ทานะ (Thai script)
• ᨴᩤᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ທານ or ທານະ (Lao script)
• ទាន (Khmer script)
• 𑄘𑄂𑄚 (Chakma script)

Noun

दान n

1. Devanagari script form of dāna (“gift”)

Declension

Declension table of "दान" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	दानं (dānaṃ)	दानानि (dānāni)
Accusative (second)	दानं (dānaṃ)	दानानि (dānāni)
Instrumental (third)	दानेन (dānena)	दानेहि (dānehi) or दानेभि (dānebhi)
Dative (fourth)	दानस्स (dānassa) or दानाय (dānāya) or दानत्थं (dānatthaṃ)	दानानं (dānānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	दानस्मा (dānasmā) or दानम्हा (dānamhā) or दाना (dānā)	दानेहि (dānehi) or दानेभि (dānebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	दानस्स (dānassa)	दानानं (dānānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	दानस्मिं (dānasmiṃ) or दानम्हि (dānamhi) or दाने (dāne)	दानेसु (dānesu)
Vocative (calling)	दान (dāna)	दानानि (dānāni)

Sanskrit

FWOTD – 15 December 2016

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• দান (Assamese script)
• ᬤᬵᬦ (Balinese script)
• দান (Bengali script)
• 𑰟𑰯𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• ဒါန (Burmese script)
• દાન (Gujarati script)
• ਦਾਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌦𑌾𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦢꦴꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂠𑂰𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ದಾನ (Kannada script)
• ទាន (Khmer script)
• ທານ (Lao script)
• ദാന (Malayalam script)
• ᡩᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘟𑘰𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᢑᠠᢗᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦿𑧑𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐡𑐵𑐣 (Newa script)
• ଦାନ (Odia script)
• ꢣꢵꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆢𑆳𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖟𑖯𑖡 (Siddham script)
• දාන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩭𑩛𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚛𑚭𑚝 (Takri script)
• த³ாந (Tamil script)
• దాన (Telugu script)
• ทาน (Thai script)
• དཱ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒠𑒰𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨛𑨊𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom

Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHnam

Sanskrit दान

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃nom (“gift”), from *deh₃- (“to give”). Cognate with Latin dōnum (“gift”), Old Irish dán (“gift”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑ́ː.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑː.n̪ɐ/

Noun

दान॑ • (dā́na) stem, n

1. gift, alms, donation
2. generosity, giving
3. (Buddhism, Hinduism) the practice of cultivating generosity; dana
   • Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, 5.2.3 (c. 700 BC):

     तदेतत्त्रयँ शिक्षेद् दमं दानं दयामिति

     tadetattrayam̐ śikṣed damaṃ dānaṃ dayāmiti

     Learn three cardinal virtues - self restraint, charity and compassion for all life.

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of दान॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दान॑म् (dā́nam)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)
accusative	दान॑म् (dā́nam)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)
instrumental	दाने॑न (dā́nena)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दानैः॑ (dā́naiḥ) दाने॑भिः¹ (dā́nebhiḥ¹)
dative	दाना॑य (dā́nāya)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दाने॑भ्यः (dā́nebhyaḥ)
ablative	दाना॑त् (dā́nāt)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दाने॑भ्यः (dā́nebhyaḥ)
genitive	दान॑स्य (dā́nasya)	दान॑योः (dā́nayoḥ)	दाना॑नाम् (dā́nānām)
locative	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दान॑योः (dā́nayoḥ)	दाने॑षु (dā́neṣu)
vocative	दान॑ (dā́na)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• अन्नदान (annadāna)
• गोदान (godāna)

Descendants

• Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (dāna) (Girnar)
  • Sylheti: ꠖꠣꠘ (dan)
  • Bengali: দান (dan)
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀦 (dāna)
    • Old Gujarati: दाण (dāṇa)
      • Gujarati: દાણ (dāṇ)
    • Old Hindi: दान (dāna)
      • Braj: दान (dān)
      • Hindi: दान (dān)
      • Urdu: دان (dān)
• Pali: dāna
  • → Burmese: ဒါန (dana.)
  • → Khmer: ទាន (tiən)
  • → Lao: ທານ (thān)
  • → Mon: ဒါန်
  • → Thai: ทาน (taan)

Borrowings

• → Balinese: ᬤᬵᬦ (dana)
• → English: dana
• → Classical Malay: dana
  • Malay: dana
    • > Indonesian: dana (inherited)
• → Middle Chinese: 旦那 (MC tanH na), 檀那 (MC dan na)
  • Chinese: 檀那 (tánnà)

    Mandarin: 檀那 (tánnà)

  • → Japanese: 旦那 (danna)
• → Old Javanese: dāna
  • > Javanese: ꦢꦤ (dana) (inherited)
• → Old Gujarati: दान (dāna)
• → Punjabi: ਦਾਨ (dān)/ دان (dān)
• → Tamil: தானம் (tāṉam)

Etymology 2

From √dā, variant of √do ("divide, cut, reap, mow"). Cognate to Ancient Greek δαίω (daíō, “to divide”).

Noun

दान॑ • (dā́na) stem, n

1. cutting off, splitting, dividing
2. pasture, meadow

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of दान॑

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दान॑म् (dā́nam)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)
accusative	दान॑म् (dā́nam)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)
instrumental	दाने॑न (dā́nena)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दानैः॑ (dā́naiḥ) दाने॑भिः¹ (dā́nebhiḥ¹)
dative	दाना॑य (dā́nāya)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दाने॑भ्यः (dā́nebhyaḥ)
ablative	दाना॑त् (dā́nāt)	दाना॑भ्याम् (dā́nābhyām)	दाने॑भ्यः (dā́nebhyaḥ)
genitive	दान॑स्य (dā́nasya)	दान॑योः (dā́nayoḥ)	दाना॑नाम् (dā́nānām)
locative	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दान॑योः (dā́nayoḥ)	दाने॑षु (dā́neṣu)
vocative	दान॑ (dā́na)	दाने॑ (dā́ne)	दाना॑नि (dā́nāni) दाना॑¹ (dā́nā¹)

• ¹Vedic

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “दान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 474/1.