新加坡

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (新加坡)		新	加	坡

Etymology

Borrowed from English Singapore, from Malay Singapura, from Sanskrit सिंहपुर (siṃhá-pura), from सिंह (siṃha, “lion”) +‎ पुर (pura, “city”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Xīnjiāpō

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄆㄛ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): Sîn-kâ-phô / Sîn-kâ-po
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): Sin-ka-pho / Sin-kee-pho / Sin-ka-po

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sing¹ gia¹ bo¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): xin ka phu (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Pinyin: Xīnjiāpō
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄆㄛ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shinjiapo
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯a̠⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 新加坡 新嘉坡

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
    • Yale: sān ga bō, sān ga pō
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san¹ gaa^1-3 bo¹, san¹ gaa^1-3 po¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen¹ ga³ bo¹, sen¹ ga³ po¹
    • IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵⁻³³ pɔː⁵⁵/, /sɐn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵⁻³³ pʰɔː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sîn-kâ-phô / Sîn-kâ-po
    • Hakka Romanization System: xin´ ga´ po´ / xin´ ga´ bo
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xin¹ ga¹ po¹ / xin¹ ga¹ bo⁴
    • IPA: /ɕin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰo²⁴/, /ɕin²⁴⁻¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ po⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-pho
    • Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-pho
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sinkaphoy
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕin³³ ka³³ pʰo³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-kee-pho
    • Tâi-lô: Sin-kee-pho
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕin⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² pʰo⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sin-ka-po
    • Tâi-lô: Sin-ka-po
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sinka'poy
    • IPA (Penang): /ɕin³³⁻²¹ ka³³⁻²¹ po³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sing¹ gia¹ bo¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sing kia po
    • IPA ^(key): /siŋ³³⁻²³ kia³³⁻²³ po³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: xin ka phu (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕɪɲ⁵⁵ ka̱³³ pʰv̩ʷ²¹/

Proper noun

新加坡

1. Singapore; (～共和國); Republic of Singapore

Synonyms

• (dated, still common in Cantonese) 星加坡 (Xīngjiāpō)
• 獅城／狮城 (Shīchéng, “Lion City”)
• (nickname) 星洲 (Xīngzhōu)
• (dated) 新嘉坡 (Xīnjiāpō)
• (dated) 星架坡 (Xīngjiàpō)
• (regional, dated) 石叻 (Shílè), 實叻／实叻, 實叻坡／实叻坡
• (regional, dated) 叻埠 (Lèbù)

Derived terms

• 新加坡元 (Xīnjiāpōyuán)

• 新加坡共和國／新加坡共和国 (Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó)

References

• Duffus, William (1883), “Singapore”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 245