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坡

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 坂
坡 U+5761, 坡
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5761
← 坠
[U+5760] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 坢 →
[U+5762]

Translingual

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Han character

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坡 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土木竹水 (GDHE), four-corner 44147, composition ⿰土皮)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4966
  • Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 436, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+5761

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 坡

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
陂 *pral, *prals
詖 *pral, *prals
彼 *pralʔ
柀 *pralʔ
佊 *pralʔ, *prals
貱 *prals
跛 *prals, *paːlʔ
披 *pʰral, *pʰralʔ
鈹 *pʰral
帔 *pʰral, *pʰrals
鮍 *pʰral
耚 *pʰral
狓 *pʰral
翍 *pʰral
旇 *pʰral, *brals
秛 *pʰral, *pʰrals
紴 *pʰralʔ, *paːl
皮 *bral
疲 *bral
被 *bralʔ, *brals
髲 *brals
鞁 *brals
骳 *mbralʔ
波 *paːl
碆 *paːl, *baːl
菠 *paːl
簸 *paːlʔ, *paːls
駊 *paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ
頗 *pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡 *pʰaːl
玻 *pʰaːl
破 *pʰaːls
婆 *baːl
蔢 *baːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰaːl): semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 坡
Mandarin Beijing /pʰo⁵⁵/
Harbin /pʰɤ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /pʰo²¹/
Jinan /pʰə²¹³/
Qingdao /pʰə²¹³/
Zhengzhou /pʰo²⁴/
Xi'an /pʰo²¹/
Xining /pʰɔ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /pʰuə⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /pʰə³¹/
Ürümqi /pʰɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /pʰo⁵⁵/
Chengdu /pʰo⁵⁵/
/po⁵⁵/
Guiyang /pʰo⁵⁵/
Kunming /pʰo⁴⁴/
Nanjing /pʰo³¹/
Hefei /pʰʊ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰɤ¹¹/
Pingyao /pʰei¹³/ 上～
/pʰɔ¹³/
Hohhot /pʰɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /pʰu⁵³/
Suzhou /pʰu⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /pʰo³³/
Wenzhou /pu³³/
Hui Shexian /po³¹/
Tunxi /pʰo¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /pʰo³³/
Xiangtan /pʰo³³/
Gan Nanchang /po⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /po⁴⁴/
/pʰo⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /pɔ⁵³/
Nanning /pʰɔ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /pɔ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pʰo⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰo⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pʰɔ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /po³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fo²³/
Rime
Character 坡
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 滂禾切
Baxter pha
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰuɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰuɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰuɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰwa/
Li
Rong 		/pʰuɑ/
Wang
Li 		/pʰuɑ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰuɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		po1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 坡
Reading # 1/1
No. 9728
Phonetic
component 		皮
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		頗
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰaːl/

Definitions

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坡

  1. slope; bank; hillside
  2. to slant; to incline; to tilt
  3. Used in transcription.
    吉隆坡  ―  Jílóngpō  ―  Kuala Lumpur
    坡旅甲  ―  Pōlǚjiǎ  ―  Polycarpus
    坡市  ―  Pōshì  ―  Pau
    埃德加·愛倫·坡 [MSC, trad.]
    埃德加·爱伦·坡 [MSC, simp.]
    Āidéjiā Àilún Pō [Pinyin]
    Edgar Allan Poe
    1. (Taiwan, Hong Kong) short for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”)
      坡幣／坡币  ―  pōbì  ―  Singapore dollar

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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坡

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Go-on: は (ha)
  • Kan-on: は (ha)
  • On: ひ (hi)
  • Kun: つつみ (tsutsumi, 坡み)

References

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Korean

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Hanja

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坡 • (pa) (hangeul 파, revised pa, McCune–Reischauer p'a)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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坡: Hán Việt readings: pha[1][2][3][4]
坡: Nôm readings: bờ[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], pha[1][6][7], phơ[2][6], bỡ[6][7], da[1], phờ[6], phơi[6], vừa[7]

Etymology 1

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Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, bờ): semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 皮 (bì).

Noun

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坡 • (bờ)

  1. chữ Nôm form of bờ (“shore, bank”)

Etymology 2

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Combining form

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坡 • (bỡ)

  1. chữ Nôm form of bỡ (“used in bỡ ngỡ (“perplexed; surprised”)”)

Etymology 3

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Verb

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坡 • (pha)

  1. chữ Nôm form of pha (“to mix, to mingle”)

Etymology 4

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Combining form

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坡 • (pha)

  1. chữ Nôm form of pha
    1. used in gièm pha (“to disparage; to denigrate; to backbite”)
    2. used in phôi pha (“to fade; to wilt; to wither”)

Etymology 5

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Adjective

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坡 • (phơ)

  1. chữ Nôm form of phơ (“(of hair) hoary; snowy; snow-white”)

Etymology 6

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Adjective

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坡 • (phờ)

  1. chữ Nôm form of phờ (“looking tired and exhausted; haggard; weary”)

Etymology 7

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Verb

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坡 • (phơi)

  1. chữ Nôm form of phơi (“to air out; to expose”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Trần (2004).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hồ (1976).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bonet (1899).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Génibrel (1898).
  5. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Nguyễn (2014).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
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