跛

跛 U+8DDB, 跛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DDB ← 跚 [U+8DDA] CJK Unified Ideographs 跜 → [U+8DDC]

Translingual

Han character

跛 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口一木竹水 (RMDHE), four-corner 6414₇, composition ⿰𧾷皮)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37479
• Dae Jaweon: page 1695, character 29
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3699, character 4
• Unihan data for U+8DDB

Chinese

simp. and trad.		跛
alternative forms		㝿 𤿑 𨈵

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (皮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
陂	*pral, *prals
詖	*pral, *prals
彼	*pralʔ
柀	*pralʔ
佊	*pralʔ, *prals
貱	*prals
跛	*prals, *paːlʔ
披	*pʰral, *pʰralʔ
鈹	*pʰral
帔	*pʰral, *pʰrals
鮍	*pʰral
耚	*pʰral
狓	*pʰral
翍	*pʰral
旇	*pʰral, *brals
秛	*pʰral, *pʰrals
紴	*pʰralʔ, *paːl
皮	*bral
疲	*bral
被	*bralʔ, *brals
髲	*brals
鞁	*brals
骳	*mbralʔ
波	*paːl
碆	*paːl, *baːl
菠	*paːl
簸	*paːlʔ, *paːls
駊	*paːlʔ, *pʰaːlʔ
頗	*pʰaːl, *pʰaːlʔ, *pʰaːls
坡	*pʰaːl
玻	*pʰaːl
破	*pʰaːls
婆	*baːl
蔢	*baːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *prals, *paːlʔ): semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 皮 (OC *bral).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(p/b)aːj (“lame; limp; askew”); compare Proto-Kuki-Chin *ɓa(a)j ~ *pa(a)j, Burmese ဖဲ (hpai:, “to avoid”), ဖယ် (hpai, “to push aside”), ပယ် (pai, “to reject”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2014).

Colloquial readings in some southern varieties preserve the Old Chinese rime (Schuessler, 2007); the colloquial word is written as 𨃅 in Southwestern Mandarin and Xiang.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bǒ (bo³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): bo³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bai¹, bo²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): pâi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): bai¹

• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): pái / páiⁿ / pó

  (Teochew, Peng'im): po²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bǒ
    • Wade–Giles: po³
    • Yale: bwǒ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boo
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: bo³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bo
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bai¹, bo²
    • Yale: bāi, bó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bai¹, bo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: bei¹, bo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐi̯⁵⁵/, /pɔː³⁵/

Note:

• bai1 - vernacular;
• bo2 - literary.

Hakka

• (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pâi
  • Hakka Romanization System: bai´
  • Hagfa Pinyim: bai¹
  • Sinological IPA: /pai̯²⁴/
• (Meixian)
  • Guangdong: bai¹
  • Sinological IPA: /paɪ⁴⁴/

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pái
  • Tâi-lô: pái
  • Phofsit Daibuun: pae
  • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /pai⁵³/
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /pai⁵⁵⁴/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pai⁴¹/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, variant in Taiwan)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: páiⁿ
  • Tâi-lô: páinn
  • Phofsit Daibuun: pvae
  • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /pãi⁵³/
  • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pãi⁴¹/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pó
  • Tâi-lô: pó
  • Phofsit Daibuun: poir
  • IPA (Quanzhou): /po⁵⁵⁴/
  • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /po⁵³/

Note:

• pái/páiⁿ - vernacular;
• pó - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: po²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phó
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰo⁵²/

---

• Middle Chinese: paX

Rime
Character	跛
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	布火切
Baxter	paX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/puɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwaX/
Li Rong	/puɑX/
Wang Li	/puɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/puɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bǒ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bo2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*pˤajʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*paːlʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	跛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bǒ
Middle Chinese	‹ paX ›
Old Chinese	/*pˁajʔ/
English	walk lame
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	跛
Reading #	2/2
No.	9723
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	跛
Old Chinese	/*paːlʔ/

Definitions

跛

1. lame; crippled

Synonyms

• 瘸 (qué)

Compounds

• 偏跛
• 傴巫跛擊／伛巫跛击
• 手瘸腳跛／手瘸脚跛
• 瘸手跛腳／瘸手跛脚
• 盲僮跛豎／盲僮跛竖
• 眇跛
• 跛佬
• 跛匡
• 跛夫
• 跛奚
• 跛子 (bǒzi)
• 跛手
• 跛手太監——無拳無勢／跛手太监——无拳无势
• 跛曳
• 跛牂
• 跛癱／跛瘫
• 跛眇
• 跛立箕坐
• 跛羅蓋子／跛罗盖子
• 跛腳／跛脚 (bǒjiǎo)
• 跛腳鴨／跛脚鸭 (bǒjiǎoyā)
• 跛行 (bǒxíng)
• 跛覡／跛觋
• 跛足 (bǒzú)
• 跛足從事／跛足从事
• 跛跨
• 跛跤 (pái-kha) (Hokkien)
• 跛踦
• 跛蹇 (bǒjiǎn)
• 跛蹩
• 跛蹶
• 跛躄
• 跛躓／跛踬
• 跛驢／跛驴
• 跛鱉／跛鳖
• 跛鱉千里／跛鳖千里 (bǒbiēqiānlǐ)
• 踦跛
• 蹇跛
• 躄跛
• 顛跛／颠跛

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bì (bi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bì
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bì
    • Wade–Giles: pi⁴
    • Yale: bì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
    • Palladius: би (bi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bei³
    • Yale: bei
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei³
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjeH

Rime
Character	跛
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	支 (13)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	彼義切
Baxter	pjeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pˠiᴇH/
Pan Wuyun	/pᵚiɛH/
Shao Rongfen	/piɛH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pjiə̆H/
Li Rong	/pjeH/
Wang Li	/pǐeH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pie̯H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bei3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*prals/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	跛
Reading #	1/2
No.	9697
Phonetic component	皮
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	賁
Old Chinese	/*prals/

Definitions

跛

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 跛倚
• 跛立
• 跛立箕坐

 

References

• “跛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• “Query for 跛”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese

Kanji

跛

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. lame; crippled
2. to stand on one foot; to slant

Readings

From Middle Chinese 跛 (MC paX); compare Mandarin 跛 (bǒ):

• Go-on: は (ha)
• Kan-on: は (ha)

From Middle Chinese 跛 (MC pjeH); compare Mandarin 跛 (bì):

• Go-on: ひ (hi)
• Kan-on: ひ (hi)
• Kan’yō-on: は (ha)

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: あしなえ (ashinae, 跛)^{←あしなへ (asinafe, 跛, historical)}; ちんば (chinba, 跛); びっこ (bikko, 跛)

Compounds

• 跛(は)蹇(けん) (haken)
• 跛(は)行(こう) (hakō)
• 跛(は)者(しゃ) (hasha)
• 跛(は)説(せつ) (hasetsu)
• 跛(ひ)倚(い) (hī)
• 蹇(けん)跛(ぱ) (kenpa)

 

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
跛
ちんば Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 跛 – see the following entry.

【ちんば】 [adjective] (likely offensive) crippled; unable to walk properly [noun] (likely offensive) cripple; someone who is unable to walk properly

(This term, 跛, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
跛
びっこ Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 跛 – see the following entry.

【びっこ】 [noun] (likely offensive) cripple; someone who is unable to walk properly

(This term, 跛, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

跛 • (pa, pi) (hangeul 파, 피, revised pa, pi, McCune–Reischauer p'a, p'i, Yale pha, phi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.