禍

禍 U+798D, 禍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798D ← 禌 [U+798C] CJK Unified Ideographs 禎 → [U+798E]

See also: 祸

Translingual

Han character

禍 (radical 113 示+9, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈火月月口 (IFBBR), four-corner 3722₇, composition ⿰礻咼)

1. misfortune, calamity, disaster

References

• KangXi: page 844, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24766
• Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2402, character 4
• Unihan data for U+798D

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Chinese

trad.		禍
simp.		祸

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (冎) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
碢	*l'oːl
腡	*ɡ·roːl, *kʷroːl
過	*kloːl, *kloːls
渦	*kloːl, *qloːl
鍋	*kloːl
楇	*kloːl, *ɡloːls
瘑	*kloːl
緺	*koːl, *kroːl, *kʷroːl
堝	*kloːl
濄	*kloːl, *qloːl
鐹	*kloːlʔ, *kloːls
薖	*kʰloːl
簻	*kʰloːl, *kr'oːl
禍	*ɡloːlʔ
窩	*qloːl
萵	*qloːl
檛	*kr'oːl
膼	*kr'oːl
蝸	*kroːl, *kʷroːl
媧	*kroːl, *kʷroːl
騧	*kroːl, *kʷroːl
冎	*kroːlʔ
剮	*kroːlʔ
諣	*qʰroːls, *qʰʷroːls
歄	*kʷroːl
咼	*kʰʷroːl
喎	*kʰʷroːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡloːlʔ): semantic 示 (“sacrifice”) + phonetic 咼 (OC *kʰʷroːl).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huò (huo⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wo⁶, wo⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fo
• Min Nan (POJ): hǒ͘ / hō / ě / ē

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: huò
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ
    • Wade-Giles: ho⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoh
    • IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: wo⁶, wo⁵
    • Yale: woh, wóh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wo⁶, wo⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: wo⁶, wo⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /wɔː²²/, /wɔː¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fo
    • Hakka Romanization System: fo
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fo⁴
    • IPA: /fo⁵⁵/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: hǒo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō
    • Tâi-lô: hō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoi
    • IPA (Taipei): /ho³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɤ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ho²²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ho²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ě
    • Tâi-lô: ě
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /e²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ē
    • Tâi-lô: ē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: e
    • IPA (Taipei): /e³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /e³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /e²²/

Note:

• hǒ͘/hō - literary;
• ě/ē - vernacular.

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 禍
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuo⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuo⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuo⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuə²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuə⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuo³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuo⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xu²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuə¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuə¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuɤ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuo³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xo¹³/
	Guiyang	/xo²¹³/
	Kunming	/xo²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuɤ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuə³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuɤ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦu²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦəu³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦo¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vu³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/xo²²/
	Tunxi	/xo²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/xo⁵⁵/ /xo¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɦo²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/fo²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/fo⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/fo⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wɔ²²/
	Nanning	/wɔ²²/
	Hong Kong	/wɔ²²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/ho²²/ /e²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/huɔ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xua⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hua³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ho³³/ /hua³³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦuɑ^X/▼

Rime
Character	禍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡果切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwaX/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑX/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huò

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤajʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡloːlʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huò
Middle Chinese	‹ hwaX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]ʷˤajʔ/
English	calamity
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禍
Reading #	1/1
No.	4375
Phonetic component	冎
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	禍
Old Chinese	/*ɡloːlʔ/

Definitions

禍

1. trouble, disaster, misfortune, calamity

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Japanese

Kanji

禍

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 禍)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: が (ga)^{←ぐわ (gwa, historical)}; わ (wa)
• Kan’on: か (ka, Jōyō)^{←くわ (kwa, historical)}
• Kun: わざわい (wazawai, 禍い)^{←わざはひ (wazafafi, historical)}

Noun

禍 (hiragana わざわい, rōmaji wazawai)

1. Alternative form of 災い

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Korean

Hanja

禍 • (hwa) (hangeul 화, revised hwa, McCune-Reischauer hwa, Yale hwa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

禍 (hoạ, vạ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.