福

福	U+798F, 福 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-798F

福	U+FA1B, 福 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA1B

← 祥
[U+FA1A]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

靖 →
[U+FA1C]

福	U+2F956, 福 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F956

← 𥛅
[U+2F955]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

秫 →
[U+2F957]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

福 (radical 113, 示+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 戈火一口田 (IFMRW), four-corner 3126₆, composition ⿰礻畐(GHTJV) or ⿰示畐(K))

Wikimedia Commons has more media related to: 福

References[edit]

KangXi: page 845, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24768
Dae Jaweon: page 1265, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2404, character 3
Unihan data for U+798F

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		福

Wikipedia has an article on:

福

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 福
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (畐) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
富	*pɯɡs
輻	pɯɡs, pɯɡ
副	pʰɯɡs, pʰrɯɡ, *pʰɯɡ
褔	*pʰɯɡs
蔔	*bɯːɡ
匐	bɯːɡ, bɯɡ
逼	*prɯɡ
偪	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
幅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
楅	prɯɡ, pɯɡ
湢	*prɯɡ
堛	*pʰrɯɡ
愊	*pʰrɯɡ
踾	pʰrɯɡ, brɯɡ, *pɯɡ
揊	*pʰrɯɡ
稫	*pʰrɯɡ
畐	pʰrɯɡ, bɯɡ
疈	*pʰrɯɡ
腷	*brɯɡ
鶝	brɯɡ, pɯɡ
福	*pɯɡ
蝠	*pɯɡ
葍	*pɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pɯɡ): semantic 示 + phonetic 畐 (OC *pʰrɯɡ, *bɯɡ).

Etymology[edit]

Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with 富 (OC *pɯɡs, “rich”), Tibetan ཕྱུགས (phyugs, “livestock”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fú (fu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fuk

(Meixian, Guangdong): fug⁵
Min Dong (BUC): hók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hok

(Teochew, Peng'im): hog⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): foq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fú
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
  - Wade–Giles: fu²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
  - IPA ^(key): /fu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk¹
  - Yale: fūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: fug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fug⁵
  - IPA: /fuk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fug⁵
  - IPA: /fʊk̚¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hók
  - IPA ^(key): /houʔ²⁴/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok
  - Tâi-lô: hok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hok
  - IPA ^(key): /hok̚²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: foq (T4)
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /pɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	福
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/piuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/piuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puwk̚/
Li Rong	/piuk̚/
Wang Li	/pĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pək/

(Zhengzhang): /*pɯɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	福
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fú
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*pək/
English	blessing
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	福
Reading #	1/1
No.	3395
Phonetic component	畐
Rime group	職
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	福
Old Chinese	/*pɯɡ/

Definitions[edit]

福

blessing; happiness; good fortune; prosperity
Short for 福建 (Fújiàn, “Fujian”).
A surname. Fu.

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (福):

→ Japanese: 福 (ふく) (fuku)
→ Korean: 복 (福, bok)
→ Vietnamese: phúc (福), phước (福)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 福

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fu³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
  - IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fu³
  - Yale: fu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fu³
  - Guangdong Romanization: fu³
  - IPA ^(key): /fuː³³/

Middle Chinese: /pʰɨu^H/▼

Rime
Character	福
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	敷救切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰɨu^H/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰiu^H/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiəu^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuw^H/
Li Rong	/pʰiu^H/
Wang Li	/pʰĭəu^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰi̯ə̯u^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fòu

Definitions[edit]

福

^† to store; to garner
^† to conform to; to fit in with

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai
Kyūjitai

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Go-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
Kun: さいわい (saiwai, 福い)^{←さいはひ (saifafi, historical)}
Nanori: さき (saki); さち (sachi); たる (taru); とし (toshi); とみ (tomi); ふ (fu); ふき (fuki); ぼく (boku); むら (mura); もと (moto); よ (yo); よし (yoshi)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

福 (ふく)祉 (し) (fukushi)
福 (ふく)相 (そう) (fukusō)
福 (ふく)徳 (とく) (fukutoku)
福 (ふく)利 (り) (fukuri)
福 (ふく)禄 (ろく) (fukuroku)
福 (ふく)禄 (ろく)寿 (じゅ) (Fukurokuju): Fukurokuju; one of the seven gods of good fortune
禍 (か)福 (ふく) (kafuku)
幸 (こう)福 (ふく) (kōfuku, “happiness”)
至 (し)福 (ふく) (shifuku)
祝 (しゅく)福 (ふく) (shukufuku)
浄 (じょう)福 (ふく) (jōfuku)
清 (せい)福 (ふく) (seifuku)
多 (た)福 (ふく) (tafuku)
追 (つい)福 (ふく) (tsuifuku)
万 (ばん)福 (ぷく) (banpuku), 万 (まん)福 (ぷく) (manpuku)
冥 (みょう)福 (ふく) (myōfuku), 冥 (めい)福 (ふく) (meifuku)
裕 (ゆう)福 (ふく) (yūfuku)

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
福
ふく Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 福 (MC pɨuk̚).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ふく [fùkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]
- IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun[edit]

福 (hiragana ふく, rōmaji fuku)

good luck, good fortune
Synonym: 幸運 (kōun)

Antonym: 禍 (ka)
happiness
(Shinto, Buddhism) a blessing

Derived terms[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

福 (-na inflection, hiragana ふく, rōmaji fuku)

wealthy

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 福

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	福だろ	ふくだろ	fuku daro
Continuative (連用形)	福で	ふくで	fuku de
Terminal (終止形)	福だ	ふくだ	fuku da
Attributive (連体形)	福な	ふくな	fuku na
Hypothetical (仮定形)	福なら	ふくなら	fuku nara
Imperative (命令形)	福であれ	ふくであれ	fuku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative	福ではない福じゃない	ふくではないふくじゃない	fuku de wa nai fuku ja nai
Informal past	福だった	ふくだった	fuku datta
Informal negative past	福ではなかった福じゃなかった	ふくではなかったふくじゃなかった	fuku de wa nakatta fuku ja nakatta
Formal	福です	ふくです	fuku desu
Formal negative	福ではありません福じゃありません	ふくではありませんふくじゃありません	fuku de wa arimasen fuku ja arimasen
Formal past	福でした	ふくでした	fuku deshita
Formal negative past	福ではありませんでした福じゃありませんでした	ふくではありませんでしたふくじゃありませんでした	fuku de wa arimasen deshita fuku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive	福で	ふくで	fuku de
Conditional	福なら（ば）	ふくなら（ば）	fuku nara (ba)
Provisional	福だったら	ふくだったら	fuku dattara
Volitional	福だろう	ふくだろう	fuku darō
Adverbial	福に	ふくに	fuku ni
Degree	福さ	ふくさ	fukusa

Proper noun[edit]

福 (hiragana ふく, rōmaji Fuku)

a placename
a surname
a female given name

References[edit]

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

福 • (bok) (hangeul 복, revised bok, McCune–Reischauer pok, Yale pok)

fortune

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

福 (phúc, phước)

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

福

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

Inflection[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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