詩

See also: 诗

詩	U+8A69, 詩 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A69

← 詨
[U+8A68]

CJK Unified Ideographs

詪 →
[U+8A6A]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

詩 (radical 149, 言+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜口土木戈 (YRGDI), four-corner 0464₁, composition ⿰訁寺)

Derived characters[edit]

𡀗, 𫄋, 𡮲

Related characters[edit]

诗 (Simplified Chinese)

Chinese[edit]

trad.		詩
simp.		诗
alternative forms		𧥳

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 詩
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (寺) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
等	tɯːʔ, tɯːŋʔ
待	*dɯːʔ
寺	*ljɯs
持	*l'ɯ
峙	*dɯʔ
痔	*dɯʔ
跱	*dɯʔ
歭	*dɯʔ
洔	dɯʔ, tjɯʔ
畤	dɯʔ, tjɯʔ, *djɯʔ
秲	dɯʔ, djɯs
庤	*dɯʔ
時	*djɯ
鰣	*djɯ
塒	*djɯ
蒔	djɯ, djɯs
榯	*djɯ
恃	*djɯʔ
侍	*djɯs
詩	*hljɯ
邿	*hljɯ
特	*dɯːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljɯ): semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 寺 (OC *ljɯs) – poetry is a form of language, speech.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shī (shi¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄕ

(Dungan, Cyrillic): сы (sɨ, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): si¹
Gan (Wiktionary): si¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂

(Meixian, Guangdong): si¹
Jin (Wiktionary): si¹
Min Bei (KCR): sí
Min Dong (BUC): sĭ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): si

(Teochew, Peng'im): si¹
Wu (Wiktionary): sr (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): shr¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shī
  - Zhuyin: ㄕ
  - Wade–Giles: shih¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shy
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shih
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic: сы (sɨ, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: si¹
  - Yale: sī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: si¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: xi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siː⁵⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: si¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂
  - Hakka Romanization System: sii´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: si¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sɨ²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: si¹
  - Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: si¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩¹¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
  - Tâi-lô: si
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sy
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ɕi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕi³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ɕi⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: si¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /si³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: sr (T1)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: shr¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂʐ̩³³/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sz̩³³/

Middle Chinese: /ɕɨ/

Rime
Character	詩
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	書之切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨ/
Li Rong	/ɕiə/
Wang Li	/ɕĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	si¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s.tə/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	詩
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shī
Middle Chinese	‹ syi ›
Old Chinese	/*s.tə/
English	poetry
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	詩
Reading #	1/1
No.	12052
Phonetic component	寺
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詩
Old Chinese	/*hljɯ/

Definitions[edit]

詩

poem; verse; ode; poetry (Classifier: 首 m)
Short for 詩經／诗经 (Shījīng, “Classic of Poetry”).

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 詩

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (詩):

→ Japanese: 詩(し) (shi)
→ Korean: 시 (詩, si)
→ Vietnamese: thi (詩)

References[edit]

“詩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

詩

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: うた (uta, 詩); うたう (utau, 詩う)^{←うたふ (utafu, historical)}

Compounds[edit]

詩(し)吟(ぎん) (shigin, “recitation of a Chinese poem”)
詩(し)情(じょう) (shijō, “poetic sentiment, interest”)

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
詩
し Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC ɕɨ).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi

(Tokyo) し [shì] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ɕi]

Noun[edit]

詩(し) • (shi)

poem
verse of poetry
(poetry) Chinese poetry
Short for 詩経 (“Shijing, the Book of Odes”).

Derived terms[edit]

詩(しい)歌(か) (shīka), 詩(し)歌(か) (shika, “Japanese poetry”)
漢(かん)詩(し) (kanshi, “Chinese poetry”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
詩
うた Grade: 3
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 詩 – see the following entry.

【歌うた】2

[noun] (music) a song

[noun] (poetry) poetry

Alternative spellings
唄, 詩, 謳

(This term, 詩, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References[edit]

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 詩 (MC ɕɨ). Recorded as Middle Korean 시 (Yale: si) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

詩

Wikisource

詩 (eum 시 (si))

Hanja form^? of 시 (“poetry; poem”).
Hanja form^? of 시 (“verse”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

시가 (詩歌, siga)
시객 (詩客, sigaek)
시경 (詩經, sigyeong)
시단 (詩壇, sidan)
시문 (詩文, simun)
시상 (詩想, sisang)
시서 (詩書, siseo)
시선 (詩仙, siseon)
시성 (詩聖, siseong)
시인 (詩人, siin)
시작 (詩作, sijak)
시재 (詩材, sijae)
시정 (詩情, sijeong)
시집 (詩集, sijip)
시편 (詩篇, sipyeon)
시풍 (詩風, sipung)
시형 (詩形, sihyeong)
시화 (詩話, sihwa)
시흥 (詩興, siheung)
극시 (劇詩, geuksi)
부시 (賦詩, busi)
서시 (序詩, seosi)
송시 (誦詩, songsi)
율시 (律詩, yulsi)
작시 (作詩, jaksi)
증시 (贈詩, jeungsi)
한시 (漢詩, hansi)
서경시 (敍景詩, seogyeongsi)
서사시 (敍事詩, seosasi)
서정시 (敍情詩, seojeongsi)
서정시 (抒情詩, seojeongsi)
전원시 (田園詩, jeonwonsi)

References[edit]

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

詩: Hán Việt readings: thi (申(thân)之(chi)切(thiết))^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]
詩: Nôm readings: thơ^[1]^[2]^[3]^[6]^[4]^[5]^[7], thi^[1]^[2]^[4]^[7]

Hán tự form of thi (“poetry; poem”).
Nôm form of thơ (“poetry; poem; verse”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Trần (2004).
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Bonet (1899).
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).
^ Hồ (1976).
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[tdcndg-2] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Nguyễn (2014).

[tdcntd-3] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).

[gdhn-4] 3.0 ^3.1 Trần (2004).

[bonet-5] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Bonet (1899).

[genibrel-6] 5.0 ^5.1 Génibrel (1898).

[btcn-7] Hồ (1976).

[taberd-8] 7.0 ^7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

[1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

詩

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

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