煙

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See also: 烟
煙 U+7159, 煙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7159
← 煘
[U+7158] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 煚 →
[U+715A]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 煙
Simplified 烟
Japanese 煙
Korean 煙

Han character[edit]

煙 (radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 火一田土 (FMWG), four-corner 91814, composition ⿰火垔)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 677, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19203
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1088, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2215, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7159

Chinese[edit]

trad. 煙/菸*
simp. 烟
alternative forms 𠖣
𤎟
𡨾
𠖜
𤏯
菸 – when related to tobacco
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 煙 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • 煙 (Cantonese)
  • 烟 (Wu)
工廠裡產生的煙

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (垔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
黫 *qriːn
甄 *ken, *kin
薽 *ken, *kjin
籈 *ken, *kjin
煙 *qiːn
湮 *qiːn, *qin
堙 *qin
禋 *qin
闉 *qin
垔 *qin
陻 *qin
諲 *qin
歅 *qin
鄄 *kʷens

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qiːn): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 垔 (OC *qin).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 煙
Mandarin Beijing /ian⁵⁵/
Harbin /ian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ian²¹/
Jinan /iã²¹³/
Qingdao /iã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ian²⁴/
Xi'an /iã²¹/
Xining /iã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ian⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ian⁵⁵/
Kunming /iɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ien³¹/
Hefei /iĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ie¹¹/
Pingyao /ie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /i⁵³/
Suzhou /iɪ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ie³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /iẽ³³/
Xiangtan /iẽ³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɛn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ian⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ʒen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jin⁵³/
Nanning /jin⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jin⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ian⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ieŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /in²³/
Rime
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 烏前切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔen/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔen/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɛn/
Li
Rong 		/ʔen/
Wang
Li 		/ien/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jin1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[q]ˁi[n]/
English smoke

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
No. 15192
Phonetic
component 		垔
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		煙
Old
Chinese 		/*qiːn/

Definitions[edit]

煙

  1. smoke; mist; vapour (Classifier: 陣／阵 m c; 團／团 m; 縷／缕 m c; 層／层 m c)
    煙囪裡噴出一團黑煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    烟囱里喷出一团黑烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yāncōng lǐ pēnchū yī tuán hēi yān. [Pinyin]
    The chimney blew out a cloud of black smoke.
  2. tobacco (plant)
  3. tobacco product
    這是一種味淡的煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    这是一种味淡的烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì yī zhǒng wèi dàn de yān. [Pinyin]
    This is a mild tobacco.
  4. cigarette (Classifier: 支 m c; 根 m)
    把煙滅了。 / 把烟灭了。  ―  Bǎ yān miè le.  ―  Put out the cigarette.
    他給我捲了一支煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    他给我卷了一支烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā gěi wǒ juǎn le yī zhī yān. [Pinyin]
    He rolled a cigarette for me.
  5. opium
  6. soot
  7. to irritate the eyes by smoke
    做菜忘了開抽油煙機，煙得我流淚。 [MSC, trad.]
    做菜忘了开抽油烟机，烟得我流泪。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zuòcài wàng le kāi chōuyóuyānjī, yān de wǒ liúlèi. [Pinyin]
    When I was cooking, I forgot to turn on the range hood, and the smoke made my eyes water.
  8. (Cantonese, Liuzhou Mandarin, informal, card games) ace (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 條／条 c)

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 香煙 (“cigarette”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 香煙, 紙煙, 捲煙
Mandarin Beijing 煙捲兒, 煙
Taiwan 香煙, 煙
Tianjin 洋煙, 洋煙捲兒
Bayanhot 紙煙
Harbin 香煙, 洋煙, 煙捲兒
Muping 煙捲兒
Jinan 煙捲兒, 煙
Luoyang 洋煙, 洋煙捲兒, 紙煙, 煙
Wanrong 紙煙
Xi'an 紙煙
Yinchuan 煙棒子, 紙煙, 捲煙
Lanzhou 紙煙
Xining 紙煙, 香煙
Ürümqi 紙煙
Wuhan 香煙, 紙煙, 煙, 條子, 條, 熏條子 dated
Chengdu 紙煙, 香煙
Guiyang 紙煙, 香煙
Guilin 紙煙 dated, 煙
Liuzhou 紙煙, 煙崽
Xuzhou 香煙, 煙捲兒, 洋煙, 紙煙
Yangzhou 香煙, 煙
Nanjing 香煙, 洋煙
Hefei 紙煙, 香煙
Singapore 香煙
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 煙棒子, 煙棒棒子, 煙棒棒兒, 煙棒棒
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 煙棒子
Cantonese Guangzhou 煙仔, 煙
Hong Kong 煙仔, 煙, 香煙
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 煙仔
Macau 煙仔
Panyu 煙仔
Huadu (Huashan) 煙仔
Conghua 煙仔, 煙
Zengcheng 煙仔
Foshan 煙仔
Nanhai (Shatou) 煙仔
Shunde 煙仔
Sanshui 煙仔
Gaoming (Mingcheng) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 煙仔
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 煙仔
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 煙仔
Doumen 煙仔
Jiangmen (Baisha) 煙仔
Xinhui 煙仔
Taishan 煙仔
Kaiping (Chikan) 煙仔
Enping (Niujiang) 煙仔
Heshan (Yayao) 煙仔
Dongguan 煙仔
Bao'an (Shajing) 煙仔
Shaoguan 煙仔
Yunfu 煙仔
Yangjiang 煙仔
Xinyi 煙仔
Lianjiang 煙仔
Nanning 煙仔, 煙
Wuzhou 煙仔, 煙
Yulin 煙仔
Hepu (Lianzhou) 煙
Danzhou 煙仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 煙仔
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 煙仔
Gan Nanchang 香煙
Lichuan 香煙, 煙
Pingxiang 香煙, 煙
Hakka Meixian 煙仔, 煙枝
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 煙仔, 煙
Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua) 煙仔
Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua) 煙仔
Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua) 煙仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 煙仔
Longmen (Pingling Bendihua) 煙仔
Longmen (Luxi Bendihua) 煙仔
Boluo (Bendihua) 煙
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 香煙
Wuhua (Huacheng) 煙仔
Heyuan (Bendihua) 煙仔
Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua) 煙仔
Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 煙仔, 煙
Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua) 煙
Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 煙仔
Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua) 煙仔
Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 煙仔
Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua) 煙仔
Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua) 煙仔
Conghua (Lütian) 煙仔
Yudu 香煙, 紙煙
Shicheng 紙煙
Shangyou 紙煙
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 煙
Liudui (S. Sixian) 煙
Hsinchu (Hailu) 煙
Dongshi (Dabu) 煙
Hsinchu (Raoping) 薰
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 薰
Hong Kong 煙仔
Luchuan (Daqiao) 紙煙
Senai (Huiyang) 煙仔
Singkawang 煙枝
Huizhou Jixi 香煙
Jin Taiyuan 洋旱煙, 紙煙, 煙捲兒, 煙
Xinzhou 紙煙, 洋旱煙
Hohhot 紙煙, 煙
Min Bei Jian'ou 洋煙
Min Dong Fuzhou 薰囝
Changle 薰囝
Fuqing 洋薰, 薰囝
Yongtai 薰囝
Gutian 薰囝
Fu'an 洋薰
Ningde 薰囝
Shouning 薰囝
Zhouning 洋薰
Fuding 洋薰
Min Nan Xiamen 薰枝, 薰
Quanzhou 薰枝, 薰
Jinjiang 薰枝
Shishi 薰
Yongchun 薰枝
Zhangzhou 薰枝, 薰
Taipei 薰
Kaohsiung 薰
Penang (Hokkien) 薰枝
Singapore (Hokkien) 薰枝
Zhangping (Yongfu) 洋薰
Datian 薰枝
Pingnan (Shangdu) 薰
Chaozhou 薰囝
Shantou 薰囝, 薰
Haifeng 薰
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 薰枝
Leizhou 薰囝
Wenchang 煙囝
Haikou 煙囝
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 煙崽
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 紙煙
Wu Shanghai 香煙, 薰條
Chongming 香煙
Suzhou 香煙, 煙
Wuxi 香煙
Danyang 香煙, 煙
Hangzhou 香煙
Ningbo 香煙, 煙
Wenzhou 香煙
Jinhua 香煙
Xiang Changsha 紙煙, 煙
Shuangfeng 紙煙
Loudi 紙煙, 香煙
Quanzhou 香煙
Dialectal synonyms of 尖兒 (“ace (playing cards)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Mandarin Beijing 尖兒, 叉, 老叉
Xi'an 尖子
Wuhan 尖子, 尖, 耶司
Guiyang 尖, 尖尖, 帽
Liuzhou 煙洗, 煙
Xuzhou 老幺, 老帽兒, 尖子
Nanjing 愛斯
Cantonese Guangzhou 煙士, 煙
Hong Kong 煙士, 煙
Taishan 一士
Wuzhou 煙
Yulin 煙
Gan Lichuan 尖子
Pingxiang 尖子, 尖
Hakka Meixian 煙仔
Yudu 尖子
Huizhou Jixi 尖子, 尖心
Jin Taiyuan 幺尖兒
Min Nan Xiamen A
Shantou 幺, 一
Wu Chongming 愛斯
Suzhou A, 愛斯

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 煙

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

煙

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
煙
けむり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/keburi/ → /kemuri/

Shift from Old Japanese-derived keburi reading (see below) as a regular /b/ → /m/ change.[1][2][3] Appears in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.

Now the most common reading.

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 烟 (less common)

Noun[edit]

煙(けむり) • (kemuri) 

  1. smoke

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
煙
けむ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Clipping of earlier kemuri (see above).[1][2] Appears in kabuki plays of the late Edo Period (late 1700s, early 1800s).

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 烟 (less common)

Noun[edit]

煙(けむ) • (kemu) 

  1. (informal, colloquial) smoke

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
煙
けぶり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 煙る (keburu, “to be smoky, to give off smoke”).[1][2][3] Appears with this reading in the Man'yōshū.

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 烟 (less common)

Noun[edit]

煙(けぶり) • (keburi) 

  1. (archaic, possibly dialect) smoke

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
煙
けぶ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Clipping of earlier keburi (see above).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • 烟 (less common)

Noun[edit]

煙(けぶ) • (kebu) 

  1. (archaic, possibly dialect) smoke

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
煙
えん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 煙 (MC ʔen).

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

煙(えん) • (en) 

  1. smoke
  2. fog, mist
  3. soot
  4. tobacco, tobacco products such as cigarettes or cigars
Usage notes[edit]

Only found in compounds.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

煙 (eumhun 연기 연 (yeon'gi yeon))

  1. Hanja form? of 연 (“smoke”).

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

煙: Hán Nôm readings: yên

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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