Jump to content

煙

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 烟
煙 U+7159, 煙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7159
← 煘
[U+7158] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 煚 →
[U+715A]

Translingual

[edit]
Traditional 煙
Simplified 烟
Japanese 煙
Korean 煙

Han character

[edit]

煙 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+9, 13 strokes, Cangjie input 火一田土 (FMWG), four-corner 91814, composition ⿰火垔)

Derived characters

[edit]
[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 677, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19203
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1088, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2215, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+7159

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 煙
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (垔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
黫 *qriːn
甄 *ken, *kin
薽 *ken, *kjin
籈 *ken, *kjin
煙 *qiːn
湮 *qiːn, *qin
堙 *qin
禋 *qin
闉 *qin
垔 *qin
陻 *qin
諲 *qin
歅 *qin
鄄 *kʷens

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qiːn): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 垔 (OC *qin).

Etymology 1

[edit]
trad. 煙/菸*
simp. 烟*
alternative forms 𠖣
𤎟
𡨾
𠖜
𤏯
菸 – Taiwan, when related to tobacco
Wikipedia has articles on:
工廠裡產生的煙 / 工厂里产生的烟

Pronunciation

[edit]
Note: yen1* - "tobacco".
Note:
  • ing1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai;
  • êng1 - Jieyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 煙
Mandarin Beijing /ian⁵⁵/
Harbin /ian⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ian²¹/
Jinan /iã²¹³/
Qingdao /iã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ian²⁴/
Xi'an /iã²¹/
Xining /iã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ian⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /iɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ian⁴⁴/
Wuhan /iɛn⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ian⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ian⁵⁵/
Kunming /iɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ien³¹/
Hefei /iĩ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ie¹¹/
Pingyao /ie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /i⁵³/
Suzhou /iɪ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔiẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /j̠i³³/
Hui Shexian /ie³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /iẽ³³/
Xiangtan /iẽ³³/
Gan Nanchang /iɛn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ian⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ʒen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jin⁵³/
Nanning /jin⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jin⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ian⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ieŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /iŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /in²³/
Rime
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 先 (85)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 烏前切
Baxter 'en
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔen/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔen/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɛn/
Li
Rong 		/ʔen/
Wang
Li 		/ien/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʔien/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jin1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔen ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[q]ˁi[n]/
English smoke

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 煙
Reading # 1/1
No. 15192
Phonetic
component 		垔
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		煙
Old
Chinese 		/*qiːn/

Definitions

[edit]

煙

  1. smoke; mist; vapour (Classifier: 陣／阵 m c; 團／团 m; 縷／缕 m c; 層／层 m c)
    煙囪裡噴出一團黑煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    烟囱里喷出一团黑烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Yāncōng lǐ pēnchū yī tuán hēi yān. [Pinyin]
    The chimney blew out a cloud of black smoke.
  2. tobacco (plant)
  3. tobacco product
    這是一種味淡的煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    这是一种味淡的烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè shì yī zhǒng wèi dàn de yān. [Pinyin]
    This is a mild tobacco.
  4. cigarette (Classifier: 支 m c; 根 m; 飛／飞 c)
    把煙滅了。／把烟灭了。  ―  Bǎ yān miè le.  ―  Put out the cigarette.
    他給我捲了一支煙。 [MSC, trad.]
    他给我卷了一支烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā gěi wǒ juǎn le yī zhī yān. [Pinyin]
    He rolled a cigarette for me.
  5. opium
    虎門銷煙／虎门销烟  ―  Hǔmén xiāo yān  ―  destruction of opium at Humen
  6. soot
  7. to irritate the eyes by smoke
    做菜忘了開抽油煙機，煙得我流淚。 [MSC, trad.]
    做菜忘了开抽油烟机，烟得我流泪。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zuòcài wàng le kāi chōuyóuyānjī, yān de wǒ liúlèi. [Pinyin]
    When I was cooking, I forgot to turn on the range hood, and the smoke made my eyes water.
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 香煙 (“cigarette”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 香煙, 紙煙, 捲煙
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 煙捲兒, 煙
Taiwan 香煙, 煙
Harbin 香煙, 洋煙, 煙捲兒
Singapore 香煙
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 洋煙, 洋煙捲兒
Jinan 煙捲兒, 煙
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 煙捲兒
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 洋煙, 洋煙捲兒, 紙煙, 煙
Wanrong 紙煙
Xi'an 紙煙
Xining 紙煙, 香煙
Xuzhou 香煙, 煙捲兒, 洋煙, 紙煙
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 煙棒子, 煙棒棒子, 煙棒棒兒, 煙棒棒
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 煙棒子
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 煙棒子, 紙煙, 捲煙
Bayanhot 紙煙
Lanzhou 紙煙
Ürümqi 紙煙
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 紙煙, 香煙
Wuhan 香煙, 紙煙, 煙, 條子, 條, 熏條子 dated
Guiyang 紙煙, 香煙
Guilin 紙煙 dated, 煙
Liuzhou 紙煙, 煙崽
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 香煙, 洋煙
Yangzhou 香煙, 煙
Hefei 紙煙, 香煙
Cantonese Guangzhou 煙仔, 煙, 黑米
Hong Kong 煙仔, 煙, 香煙
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 煙仔
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 煙仔
Macau 煙仔
Guangzhou (Panyu) 煙仔
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 煙仔
Guangzhou (Conghua) 煙仔, 煙
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 煙仔
Foshan 煙仔
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 煙仔
Foshan (Shunde) 煙仔
Foshan (Sanshui) 煙仔
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 煙仔
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 煙仔
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 煙仔
Zhuhai (Doumen) 煙仔
Jiangmen (Baisha) 煙仔
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 煙仔
Taishan 煙仔
Kaiping (Chikan) 煙仔
Enping (Niujiang) 煙仔
Heshan (Yayao) 煙仔
Dongguan 煙仔
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 煙仔
Shaoguan 煙仔
Yunfu 煙仔
Yangjiang 煙仔
Xinyi 煙仔
Lianjiang 煙仔
Nanning 煙仔, 煙
Wuzhou 煙仔, 煙
Yulin 煙仔
Hepu (Lianzhou) 煙
Danzhou 煙仔
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 煙仔
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 煙仔
Gan Nanchang 香煙
Lichuan 香煙, 煙
Pingxiang 香煙, 煙
Hakka Meixian 煙仔, 煙枝
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 煙仔, 煙
Huizhou (Shuikou; Bendihua) 煙仔
Huizhou (Hengli; Bendihua) 煙仔
Huidong (Pingshan; Bendihua) 煙仔
Dongguan (Qingxi) 煙仔
Longmen (Pingling; Bendihua) 煙仔
Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) 煙仔
Boluo (Bendihua) 煙
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Wuguishan) 煙仔
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 香煙
Wuhua (Huacheng) 煙仔
Heyuan (Bendihua) 煙仔
Zijin (Guzhu; Bendihua) 煙仔
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) 煙仔, 煙
Longchuan (Sidu; Bendihua) 煙
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) 煙仔
Lianping (Zhongxin; Bendihua) 煙仔
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) 煙仔
Xinfeng (Matou; Bendihua) 煙仔
Xinfeng (Daxi; Bendihua) 煙仔
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 煙仔
Yudu 香煙, 紙煙
Shicheng 紙煙
Shangyou (Shexi) 紙煙
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 煙
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 煙
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 煙
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 煙
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 薰
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 薰
Hong Kong 煙仔
Luchuan (Daqiao) 紙煙
Senai (Huiyang) 煙仔
Singkawang 煙枝
Huizhou Jixi 香煙
Jin Taiyuan 洋旱煙, 紙煙, 煙捲兒, 煙
Xinzhou 紙煙, 洋旱煙
Hohhot 紙煙, 煙
Northern Min Jian'ou 洋煙
Eastern Min Fuzhou 薰囝
Fuzhou (Changle) 薰囝
Fuqing 洋薰, 薰囝
Yongtai 薰囝
Gutian 薰囝
Fu'an 洋薰
Ningde 薰囝
Shouning 薰囝
Zhouning 洋薰
Fuding 洋薰
Southern Min Xiamen 薰枝, 薰
Quanzhou 薰枝, 薰
Jinjiang 薰枝
Shishi 薰
Yongchun 薰枝
Zhangzhou 薰枝, 薰
New Taipei (Tamsui) 薰
Tainan 薰
Tainan (Anping) 薰
Penghu (Xiyu) 薰
Penang (Hokkien) 薰枝
Singapore (Hokkien) 薰枝
Manila (Hokkien) 薰枝, 薰
Zhangping (Yongfu) 洋薰
Datian 薰枝
Pingnan (Shangdu) 薰
Chaozhou 薰囝
Shantou 薰囝, 薰
Jieyang 薰囝, 薰枝
Haifeng 薰
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 薰枝
Singapore (Teochew) 薰枝
Leizhou 薰囝, 薰
Wenchang 煙囝
Haikou 煙囝
Puxian Min Putian 薰, 薰枝
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 薰
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 薰
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 薰
Xianyou 薰, 薰枝
Xianyou (Fengting) 薰
Xianyou (Youyang) 薰
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 煙崽
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 紙煙
Wu Shanghai 香煙, 薰條
Shanghai (Chongming) 香煙
Suzhou 香煙, 煙
Wuxi 香煙
Danyang 香煙, 煙
Hangzhou 香煙
Ningbo 香煙, 煙
Wenzhou 香煙
Jinhua 香煙
Xiang Changsha 紙煙, 煙
Loudi 紙煙, 香煙
Shuangfeng 紙煙
Quanzhou 香煙

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]
trad. 煙
simp. 烟*

Short for 煙士 / 烟士 (jin1 si6-2, “(card games) ace”).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

煙

  1. (Cantonese, Liuzhou Mandarin, informal, card games) ace (Classifier: 隻／只 c; 條／条 c)
    啤煙／啤烟 [Cantonese]  ―  pe1 jin1 [Jyutping]  ―  pair of aces
Synonyms
[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 尖兒 (“ace (playing cards)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 尖兒, 叉, 老叉
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 尖子
Xuzhou 老幺, 老帽兒, 尖子
Southwestern Mandarin Wuhan 尖子, 尖, 耶司
Guiyang 尖, 尖尖, 帽
Liuzhou 煙洗, 煙
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 愛斯
Cantonese Guangzhou 煙士, 煙
Hong Kong 煙士, 煙
Taishan 一士
Wuzhou 煙
Yulin 煙
Gan Nanchang 尖
Pengze 尖
Lichuan 尖子
Pingxiang 尖子, 尖
Hakka Meixian 煙仔
Yudu 尖子
Huizhou Jixi 尖子, 尖心
Jin Taiyuan 幺尖兒
Southern Min Xiamen A
Shantou 幺, 一
Wu Shanghai 愛斯
Shanghai (Chongming) 愛斯
Suzhou A, 愛斯

Etymology 3

[edit]
trad. 煙/菸*
simp. 烟*

Pronunciation

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

煙

  1. (Southern Min, Puxian Min) alternative form of 薰 (“tobacco; cigarette”)

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]
Shinjitai 煙
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
煙󠄁
煙+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
煙󠄃
煙+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

[edit]
煙

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
    Kanji in this term
    煙
    けむり
    Grade: S
    kun'yomi
    Alternative spelling
    烟 (rare)

    /keburi/ → /kemuri/

    Shift from Old Japanese-derived keburi reading (see below) as a regular /b/ → /m/ change.[3][4][5] Appears in the Taiheiki of the late 1300s.

    Now the most common reading.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

    [edit]

    煙(けむり) • (kemuri) 

    1. smoke

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
      Kanji in this term
      煙
      けむ
      Grade: S
      kun'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      烟 (rare)

      /kemuri/ → /kemu/

      Clipping of earlier kemuri.[3][4] Attested since at least 1275.[3]

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Noun

      [edit]

      煙(けむ) • (kemu) 

      1. [from 1275] (informal, colloquial) smoke
        • 1914, 夏目漱石 [Natsume Sōseki], chapter 16, in こゝろ [Kokoro], 下 先生と遺書 [Sensei's Testament]:
          眼(め)の中(なか)へはいる活(かつ)字(じ)は心(こころ)の底(そこ)まで浸(し)み渡(わた)らないうちに烟(けむ)のごとく消(き)えて行(い)くのです。
          Me no naka e hairu katsuji wa kokoro no soko made shimiwataranai uchi ni kemu no gotoku kiete iku no desu.
          The type entering my eyes disappeared like smoke before it could seep deep into my heart.

      Etymology 3

      [edit]
        Kanji in this term
        煙
        けぶり
        Grade: S
        kun'yomi
        Alternative spelling
        烟 (rare)

        The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 煙る (keburu, “to be smoky, to give off smoke”).[3][4][5] Appears with this reading in the Man'yōshū.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        煙(けぶり) • (keburi) 

        1. (archaic, possibly dialect) smoke

        Etymology 4

        [edit]
          Kanji in this term
          煙
          けぶ
          Grade: S
          kun'yomi
          Alternative spelling
          烟 (rare)

          Clipping of earlier keburi.[3][4][5]

          Pronunciation

          [edit]

          Noun

          [edit]

          煙(けぶ) • (kebu) 

          1. (archaic, possibly dialect) smoke

          Etymology 5

          [edit]
            Kanji in this term
            煙
            えん
            Grade: S
            on'yomi

            From Middle Chinese 煙 (MC 'en).

            Pronunciation

            [edit]

            Affix

            [edit]

            煙(えん) • (en) 

            1. smoke
            2. fog, mist
            3. soot
            4. tobacco, tobacco products such as cigarettes or cigars
            Usage notes
            [edit]

            Only found in compounds.

            Derived terms
            [edit]

            Counter

            [edit]

            煙(えん) • (-en) 

            1. house

            References

            [edit]
            1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914), 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 1369 (paper), page 735 (digital)
            2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 795 (paper), page 410 (digital)
            3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Shōgaku Tosho (1988), 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
            4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
            5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
            6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
            7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

            Korean

            [edit]

            Hanja

            [edit]

            煙 (eumhun 연기 연 (yeon'gi yeon))

            1. hanja form? of 연 (“smoke”)

            Compounds

            [edit]

            Vietnamese

            [edit]

            Han character

            [edit]

            煙: Hán Nôm readings: yên

            1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
            Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=煙&oldid=88546770"