劣

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
劣 U+52A3, 劣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52A3
← 劢
[U+52A2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 劤 →
[U+52A4]
劣 U+F99D, 劣
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F99D
← 列
[U+F99C] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 咽 →
[U+F99E]

Translingual[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+F99D with no change in composition.
  • Note that in Japanese Kanji, Korean Hanja and Vietnamese Nom, the middle stroke of the top component 小 is written 亅 with a hook whereas in modern Chinese scripts the middle stroke is written 丨 with no downward hook.

Han character[edit]

劣 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 火竹大尸 (FHKS), four-corner 90427, composition ⿱少力)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 146, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2302
  • Dae Jaweon: page 330, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 367, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+52A3

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 劣

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 劣
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 少 (“little, less”) + 力 (“strength”). 少 (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews) also functions as phonetic.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • luag4 - Shantou;
  • luêg4 - Chaozhou.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 劣
Mandarin Beijing /lyɛ⁵¹/
/liɛ⁵¹/
Harbin /liɛ²¹³/
Tianjin /lie⁵³/
Jinan /liə²¹/
Qingdao /liə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /lyo²⁴/
Xi'an /lyɛ²¹/
Xining /lɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /lie¹³/
Lanzhou /lyə¹³/
Ürümqi /lyɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nie²¹³/
Chengdu /nie³¹/
/ne³¹/
Guiyang /nie²¹/
Kunming /liɛ³¹/
Nanjing /lieʔ⁵/
Hefei /liɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /lyəʔ²/
Pingyao /liʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /liaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /liɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /liəʔ³/
Hangzhou /lɑʔ²/
Wenzhou /le²¹³/
Hui Shexian /le²²/
Tunxi /liɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /lie²⁴/
Xiangtan /nie²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /liɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /lot̚¹/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /lyt̚³/
Nanning /lyt̚³³/
Hong Kong /lyt̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /luat̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /luɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lyɛ²⁴/
/liɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /luak̚²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /luak̚⁵/
Rime
Character 劣
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 仙 (82)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力輟切
Baxter ljwet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/liuᴇt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/lʷiɛt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ljuæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lwiat̚/
Li
Rong 		/liuɛt̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭuɛt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯wɛt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lüè
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		lyut6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 劣
Reading # 1/1
No. 8142
Phonetic
component 		劣
Rime
group 		月
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		劣
Old
Chinese 		/*rod/
Notes 力少會意，說文少聲非

Definitions[edit]

劣

  1. (literary, or in compounds) small and weak; puny
  2. (literary, or in compounds) bad; poor; inferior
  3. (literary, or in compounds) slightly

Synonyms[edit]

  • (small and weak): 弱小 (ruòxiǎo)
  • (bad):

Antonyms[edit]

  • (antonym(s) of "bad"): 優／优 (yōu)

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

劣

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. bad, poor, inferior

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 劣 (MC ljwet).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

劣 (eumhun 못할 렬 (mothal ryeol), South Korea 못할 열 (mothal yeol))

  1. Hanja form? of 렬/열 (“bad; poor”).
  2. Hanja form? of 렬/열 (“inferior”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

劣: Hán Nôm readings: liệt, lẹt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=劣&oldid=78812533"