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U+601D, 思
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-601D

[U+601C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+601E]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 61, +5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 田心 (WP), four-corner 60330, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 381, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10462
  • Dae Jaweon: page 709, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2280, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+601D

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Original form was (OC *snɯ), considered by Shuowen to be a phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *snɯ, *snɯs) : phonetic (OC *snɯns) + semantic (heart). It may also be a ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : (fontanel) + (heart).

started to corrupt into the unrelated as early as the silk script.

Pronunciation 1

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Note: sî - only in certain words (e.g. 相思樹).
Note:
  • su/sir - literary;
  • si - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (16)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter si
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨ/
Pan
Wuyun
/sɨ/
Shao
Rongfen
/sie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sɨ/
Li
Rong
/siə/
Wang
Li
/sĭə/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/si/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ si ›
Old
Chinese
/*[s]ə/
English think

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 13835
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*snɯ/

Definitions

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  1. (literary, or in compounds) to think; to cogitate
      ―  chén  ―  to ponder; to contemplate
  2. (literary, or in compounds) to miss; to yearn for
      ―  xiāng  ―  to be homesick
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to hope; to wish
  4. (literary, or in compounds) feeling; mood
  5. (literary, or in compounds) thought; thinking
      ―  wén  ―  thread of ideas in writing
  6. (obsolete) to lament; to grieve for
  7. (obsolete) meaningless sentence-initial particle
  8. (obsolete) meaningless sentence-medial particle
  9. (obsolete) sentence-final interjectional particle
  10. a surname
Synonyms
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  • (to think):
  • (to miss):
  • (to hope):
  • (feeling):

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (16)
Final () (19)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter siH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/sɨH/
Pan
Wuyun
/sɨH/
Shao
Rongfen
/sieH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/sɨH/
Li
Rong
/siəH/
Wang
Li
/sĭəH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/siH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
si3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 13843
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*snɯs/

Definitions

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  1. thought; feeling; mood

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of (heavily bearded)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. think

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese (MC si).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞᆼ (Yale: ?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄉᆡᆼ각 ᄉᆞ Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 ᄉᆞ량 ᄉᆞ Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Gwangju Cheonjamun (光州千字文 / 광주천자문), 1575.
Early Modern Korean
Text Final (韻) Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751 ᄉᆡᆼ각 ᄉᆞ Recorded as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆞ (Yale: so) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.

Pronunciation

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  • (to think; etc.):
  • (in 사상 (思想, sasang, “thought”)):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰa̠(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 생각할 (saenggakhal sa))

  1. hanja form? of (to think)
  2. hanja form? of (thought; thinking; idea)
  3. hanja form? of (to miss; to yearn for)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese (MC siH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞᆼ〮 (Yale: ?) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] ᄠᅳᆮ ᄉᆞ[1] Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ (so) (Yale: so) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Early Modern Korean
Text Final (韻) Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751 의ᄉᆞ ᄉᆞ Recorded as Early Modern Korean ᄉᆞ (Yale: so) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804.
  1. ^ 去聲

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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(eumhun 생각 (saenggak sa))

  1. hanja form? of (thought)

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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Related to Middle Chinese (MC soj).

Hanja

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(eumhun 수염 많을 (suyeom-i maneul sae))

  1. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of (hanja form? of (heavily bearded))

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: , , tứ

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