細

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 细
細 U+7D30, 細
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D30
← 累
[U+7D2F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 紱 →
[U+7D31]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

細 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女火田 (VFW), four-corner 26900, composition ⿰糹田)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 919, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27344
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1351, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3380, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+7D30

Chinese[edit]

trad. 細
simp. 细
alternative forms 𥿳

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 細
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (囟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
崽 *ʔslɯːʔ, *srɯː, *srɯː
偲 *sn̥ʰɯː, *snɯ
腮 *snɯː
鰓 *snɯː
揌 *snɯː
顋 *snɯː
愢 *snɯː
毢 *snɯː
諰 *srɯː, *snɯʔ
細 *snɯːls
思 *snɯ, *snɯs
緦 *snɯ
罳 *snɯ
禗 *snɯ
楒 *snɯ
葸 *snɯʔ
恖 *snɯ
颸 *sʰrɯ
囟 *snɯns
顖 *sniŋs
毸 *snɯː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *snɯːls): semantic 糸 + phonetic 囟 (OC *snɯns).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *z(j)əj (“little; small; tiny”) (STEDT); cognate with Jingpho zi (“small”), Tibetan ཟི (zi, “small”), Burmese သေး (se:, “small”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • sòe - vernacular;
    • sè - literary.
  • (Teochew)
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 細
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 齊 (39)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) IV
    Fanqie 蘇計切
    Baxter sejH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/seiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/seiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sɛiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sɛjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/seiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sieiH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/sieiH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sai3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 細
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sejH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]ˁe(k)-s/
    English small, minute

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 細
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13834
    Phonetic
    component         		囟
    Rime
    group         		微
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		細
    Old
    Chinese         		/*snɯːls/

    Definitions[edit]

    細

    1. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka, Min) small; tiny; little
      Antonym: 大
      點解會咁細嘅？ [Cantonese, trad.]
      点解会咁细嘅？ [Cantonese, simp.]
      dim2 gaai2 wui5 gam3 sai3 ge2? [Jyutping]
      Why is it so small?
    2. thin; slender
      Antonym: 粗 (cū)
      細線／细线  ―  xì xiàn  ―  thin string
    3. fine; delicate; exquisite
      Antonym: 粗 (cū)
      細沙／细沙  ―  xì shā  ―  fine sand
    4. careful; detailed; meticulous
    5. slowly; carefully; thoroughly; detailedly
      細看／细看  ―  xìkàn  ―  to carefully examine
    6. trifling; trivial; unimportant
    7. (of one's voice) soft
    8. frugal; sparing
    9. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka, Min) young; little
      Antonym: 大
      你仲細咩！／你仲细咩！ [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 zung6 sai3 me1! [Jyutping]  ―  [Do you think that] you're still a child?
    10. (Cantonese) to be younger than
      Antonym: 大
      細佢幾十年／细佢几十年 [Cantonese]  ―  sai3 keoi5 gei2 sap6 nin4 [Jyutping]  ―  younger than them by a couple decades
    11. (Hokkien) concubine

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 小 (“small”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小
    Mandarin Beijing 小
    Taiwan 小
    Tianjin 小
    Harbin 小
    Jinan 小
    Wanrong 小
    Xi'an 小, 碎
    Yinchuan 小
    Xining 小, 尕
    Ürümqi 小, 尕
    Wuhan 小
    Chengdu 小
    Guiyang 小
    Guilin 小
    Liuzhou 小
    Yangzhou 小
    Nanjing 小
    Hefei 小
    Malaysia 小
    Singapore 小
    Cantonese Guangzhou 細
    Hong Kong 細
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 細
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 細
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 細
    Macau 細
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 細
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 細
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細
    Foshan 細
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細
    Foshan (Shunde) 細
    Foshan (Sanshui) 細
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 細
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 細
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 細
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 細
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細
    Taishan 細
    Kaiping (Chikan) 細
    Enping (Niujiang) 細
    Heshan (Yayao) 細
    Dongguan 細
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細
    Qingyuan 細
    Fogang 細
    Yingde (Hanguang) 細
    Yangshan 細
    Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 細
    Shaoguan 細
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 細
    Renhua 細
    Lechang 細
    Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 細
    Sihui 細
    Guangning 細
    Deqing 細
    Huaiji 細
    Yunfu 細
    Xinxing 細
    Luoding 細
    Yunan (Pingtai) 細
    Yangjiang 細
    Xinyi 細
    Maoming (Xinpo) 細
    Lianjiang 細
    Nanning 細
    Wuzhou 細, 𱒃
    Yulin 𱒃
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 𱒃
    Hepu (Shatian) 𱒃
    Guiping 細, 小
    Guiping (Mule) 𱒃
    Pingnan 細
    Mengshan (Xihe) 細
    Guigang (Gangcheng) 細
    Guigang (Nanjiang) 細
    Guigang (Pingdong) 細
    Beiliu (Tangliao) 細
    Baise 細
    Bobai 細
    Lingshan 細
    Pubei 細
    Qinzhou 細
    Beihai 細
    Beihai (Nankang) 細
    Beihai (Yingpan) 𱒃
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 細
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 細, 小
    Ningming 細
    Hengzhou 細
    Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 細
    Danzhou 細
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細
    Singapore (Guangfu) 細
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 細
    Móng Cái 細
    Gan Nanchang 細, 小
    Lichuan 細, 小
    Pingxiang 細, 小
    Hakka Meixian 細, 小
    Xingning 細
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 細
    Huiyang 細
    Huidong (Daling) 細
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 細
    Boluo (Bendihua) 細
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 細
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 小
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 細
    Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua) 細
    Heping (Linzhai Bendihua) 細
    Lianping (Longjie Bendihua) 細
    Shaoguan (Qujiang) 細
    Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 細
    Conghua (Lütian) 細
    Jiexi 細
    Changting 細
    Wuping 細
    Wuping (Pingyu) 細
    Liancheng 細
    Ninghua 小
    Yudu 細
    Ruijin 細
    Shicheng 細
    Shangyou (Shexi) 細
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 細
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 細
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 細
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 細
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 細
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 細
    Hong Kong 細
    Beiliu (Tang'an) 小
    Mashan (Pianlian) 細
    Senai (Huiyang) 細
    Huizhou Jixi 小
    Jin Taiyuan 小
    Min Bei Jian'ou 小
    Min Dong Fuzhou 嫩, 細
    Changle 嫩
    Fuqing 嫩
    Yongtai 嫩
    Gutian 嫩
    Fu'an 嫩
    Ningde 嫩
    Shouning 嫩
    Zhouning 細
    Fuding 嫩, 細
    Matsu 嫩
    Min Nan Xiamen 細
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 細
    Quanzhou 細
    Jinjiang 細
    Nan'an 細
    Hui'an 細
    Anxi 細
    Yongchun 細
    Dehua 細
    Zhangzhou 細
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 細
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 細
    Hua'an 細
    Nanjing 細
    Pinghe 細
    Zhangpu 細
    Yunxiao 細
    Zhao'an 細
    Dongshan 細
    Taipei 小, 細
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 小, 細
    Kaohsiung 小, 細
    Yilan 小, 細
    Changhua (Lukang) 小, 細
    Taichung 小, 細
    Tainan 小, 細
    Hsinchu 小, 細
    Kinmen 小
    Penghu (Magong) 小
    Penang (Hokkien) 細
    Singapore (Hokkien) 細
    Manila (Hokkien) 細
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 細
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 小
    Chaozhou 細
    Shantou 細
    Shantou (Chenghai) 細
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 細
    Jieyang 細
    Haifeng 細
    Bangkok (Teochew) 細
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 細
    Singapore (Teochew) 細
    Batam (Teochew) 細
    Pontianak (Teochew) 細
    Leizhou 細
    Wenchang 細, 孧
    Haikou 細, 孧
    Qionghai 孧
    Singapore (Hainanese) 孧, 細
    Puxian Min Putian 細
    Xianyou 細
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 細
    Nanning (Shajing) 細
    Binyang (Xinqiao) 細
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Chaoyang) 細
    Guilin (Zhuyuan) 細
    Lingchuan (Tanxia) 細
    Wu Shanghai 小
    Shanghai (Chongming) 小
    Suzhou 小
    Danyang 小
    Hangzhou 小
    Ningbo 小
    Wenzhou 小, 瑣
    Lishui 細
    Jinyun 巧
    Jinhua 小
    Xiang Changsha 細, 小
    Loudi 小
    Shuangfeng 細
    Quanzhou 小
    Guanyang (Wenshi) 小
    Dialectal synonyms of 細 (“thin; fine; slender”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 細
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 細
    Mandarin Beijing 細
    Taiwan 細
    Jinan 細
    Xi'an 細
    Wuhan 細
    Chengdu 細
    Yangzhou 細
    Hefei 細
    Singapore 細
    Cantonese Guangzhou 幼
    Hong Kong 幼
    Yangjiang 細, 嫩
    Singapore (Guangfu) 幼
    Gan Nanchang 細
    Hakka Meixian 幼, 細
    Jin Taiyuan 細
    Min Bei Jian'ou 細
    Min Dong Fuzhou 杪, 幼
    Min Nan Xiamen 幼
    Tainan 幼
    Penang (Hokkien) 幼
    Singapore (Hokkien) 幼
    Chaozhou 幼, 細
    Wenchang 幼
    Haikou 幼
    Wu Suzhou 細
    Wenzhou 細
    Xiang Changsha 細
    Shuangfeng 細

    Antonyms[edit]

    • (small): 大 (dà, “large”)
    • (young): 大 (dà, “grown up”)
    • (fine): 粗 (cū, “coarse”)

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    細

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. thin, fine
    2. slender

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    細 (eumhun 가늘 세 (ganeul se))

    1. Hanja form? of 세 (“thin”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    細: Hán Nôm readings: tế

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=細&oldid=73925152"