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碎

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 砕
碎 U+788E, 碎
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-788E
← 碍
[U+788D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 碏 →
[U+788F]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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碎 (Kangxi radical 112, 石+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一口卜人十 (MRYOJ), four-corner 10648, composition ⿰石卒)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 832, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24284
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1248, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2439, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+788E

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 碎
2nd round simp. 砕
alternative forms 砕

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 碎
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (卒) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
晬 *ʔsuːds
祽 *ʔsuːds
綷 *ʔsuːds
淬 *sʰuːds
啐 *sʰuːds, *suːds, *sʰroːds, *ʔsud
倅 *sʰuːds, *ʔsuːd
焠 *sʰuːds
碎 *suːds
誶 *suːds, *suds, *zud
濢 *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds
噿 *ʔslulʔ
臎 *ʔslulʔ, *sʰluds
醉 *ʔsuds
翠 *sʰuds
悴 *zuds
萃 *zuds
瘁 *zuds
顇 *zuds
粹 *suds
睟 *suds
賥 *suds
卒 *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud
稡 *ʔsuːd
猝 *sʰuːd
椊 *zuːd
捽 *zuːd, *zud
崪 *zuːd
窣 *suːd
崒 *zud
踤 *zud
錊 *ʔsuːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *suːds): semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 卒 (OC *ʔsuːd, *sʰuːd, *ʔsud).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • sùi - literary;
  • chhùi - vernacular.
Note:
  • 5sue (Jiaxing) - literary;
  • 5sae (Jiaxing) - colloquial.
Note:
  • sei4 - vernacular;
  • cei4 - literary.
Note:
  • sui4 - vernacular;
  • cui4 - literary.
    Rime
    Character 碎
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 灰 (42)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 蘇内切
    Baxter swojH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/suʌiH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/suoiH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/suɒiH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/swəjH/
    Li
    Rong         		/suᴀiH/
    Wang
    Li         		/suɒiH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/suɑ̆iH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		suì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		seoi3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 碎
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		suì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ swojH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s-tsʰ]ˁu[t]-s/
    English break

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 碎
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 17936
    Phonetic
    component         		卒
    Rime
    group         		隊
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese         		/*suːds/

    Definitions

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    碎

    1. shattered; fragmented; shredded
      碎片  ―  suìpiàn  ―  chip; fragment
      啲薯片碎嗮喇。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
      di1 syu4 pin3-2 seoi3 saai3 laa3. [Jyutping]
      The chips are all crushed.
    2. small pieces; bits; fragments
      玻璃碎  ―  bōli suì  ―  glass shards
      肉碎  ―  ròusuì  ―  minced meat
    3. to shatter; to fragment; to shred
      碎紙機／碎纸机  ―  suìzhǐjī  ―  paper shredder
    4. talkative
      閒言碎語／闲言碎语  ―  xiányánsuìyǔ  ―  gossip
      碎嘴子  ―  suìzuǐzi  ―  talkative
    5. a surname, Sui

    Synonyms

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    • (fragmented): 零星 (língxīng)

    Compounds

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai

    		砕

    Kyūjitai

    		碎

    Kanji

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    碎

    (Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 砕)

    1. alternative form of 砕

    Readings

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    • Go-on: さい (sai)
    • Kan-on: さい (sai)
    • Kun: くだく (kudaku, 碎く)、くだける (kudakeru, 碎ける)、はたく (hataku, 碎く)

    Further reading

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    Korean

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    Etymology

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    From Middle Chinese 碎 (MC swojH).

    Hanja

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    碎 (eumhun 부술 쇄 (busul swae))

    1. hanja form? of 쇄 (“shred”)

    Compounds

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    References

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    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    碎: Hán Việt readings: toái[1][2][3][4][5], tỏa/toả[3], tối[6]
    碎: Nôm readings: tôi[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], tui[3][5][6][7], tuổi[1][2], tói[1][3], tủi[1][3], thỏi[3][4], choi[1], chót[1], chui[1], chũi[1], sôi[1], tỏi[1], tối[1], túi[1], tuế[5]

    Etymology 1

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    Combining form

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    碎 • (choi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of choi (“used in choi choi (“plover”)”)

    Etymology 2

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    Adjective

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    碎 • (chót)

    1. chữ Nôm form of chót (“last; final; closing”)

    Etymology 3

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    Verb

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    碎 • (chui)

    1. chữ Nôm form of chui (“to duck under; to move headlong; to pass through hunched over”)

    Etymology 4

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    Adjective

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    碎 • (sôi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of sôi (“(of liquid) boiling; boiled”)

    Etymology 5

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    Combining form

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    碎 • (tói)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tói (“used in lòi tói (“iron chain”)”)

    Etymology 6

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    Noun

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    碎 • (tỏi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tỏi (“garlic”)

    Etymology 7

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    Noun

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    碎 • (tôi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tôi (“(archaic, historical) slave; domestic servant”)

    Pronoun

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    碎 • (tôi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tôi (“(formal in all dialects) I/me (used in formal contexts, regardless of the difference in status between the speakers)”)

    Etymology 8

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    Verb

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    碎 • (tôi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tôi (“to temper; to anneal”)

    Etymology 9

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    Adjective

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    碎 • (tối)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tối (“dark”)

    Etymology 10

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    Noun

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    碎 • (túi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of túi (“bag; pocket”)

    Etymology 11

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    Verb

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    碎 • (tủi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tủi (“to deplore; to lament; to grieve; to self-pity”)

    Etymology 12

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    Noun

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    碎 • (tuổi)

    1. chữ Nôm form of tuổi (“age”)

    References

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    1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Nguyễn (2014).
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Trần (2004).
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Hồ (1976).
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Bonet (1899).
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Génibrel (1898).
    7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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