累

See also: 纍

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): 田 + 糸.

Simplified from 纍 (畾 → 田)

A popular theory consider this character as an ideogramic compound representing the tiredness after work. In ancient China, Men were working in the field 田 while women worked in silk farming 糸. This is a mnemonic and not the etymology.

Han character

累 (radical 120 糸+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 田女戈火 (WVIF), four-corner 6090₃, composition ⿱田糸)

1. tired
2. implicate, involve
3. bother

References

• KangXi: page 919, character 35
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27343
• Dae Jaweon: page 1351, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3381, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7D2F
• 2005, William McNaughton, Reading & Writing Chinese: Simplified Character Edition, edition 2nd Edition, Tuttle, ISBN 978-0804835091, page 10:

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Cantonese

Hanzi

累 (traditional 纍, Jyutping leoi4, leoi5, leoi6, Yale leui4, leui5, leui6)

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Hakka

Hanzi

累 (POJ lùi, Guangdong lwi⁵ [Meixian], lui⁶ [Hailu], lui¹, lui³ [Bao'an], Hagfa Pinyim lui1, lui4)

References

• CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)
• Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
• Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.

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Japanese

Kanji

累

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• On: るい (rui)
• Kun: しばる (shibaru), かさねる (kasaneru), わずらわせ (wazurawase)

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Korean

Hanja

累 (ru>nu) (hangeul [[루>누]], revised ru>nu, McCune-Reischauer ru>nu, Yale lwu>nwu)

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Mandarin

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Hanzi

累 (traditional 纍, Pinyin léi (lei2), lěi (lei3), lèi (lei4), liè (lie4), lǜ (lü4), Wade-Giles lei², lei³, lei⁴, lieh⁴, lü⁴)

Adjective

累 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin lèi)

1. tired, weary

   我很累。 wǒ hěn lèi.

   I'm very tired.

2. (of work) hard

   你别工作得太累。 nǐ biè gōngzuò de tài lèi.

   Don't work too hard.

Adjective

累 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin lěi)

1. continuous, repeated

Verb

累 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin lèi)

1. to strain, to wear out

   他会累得精疲力竭的。tā huì lèi de jīng pí lì jié de.

   He'll wear himself out.

Verb

累 (traditional and simplified, Pinyin lěi)

1. to accumulate

   积累 to accumulate, 累计 to accumulate

Verb

累 (simplified, Pinyin léi, traditional 纍)

1. to bind

   牵累 tied down by affairs

2. to involve, to implicate

   连累 to involve, 拖累 to implicate

Proper noun

累 (simplified, Pinyin léi, traditional 纍)

1. a Chinese surname

Compounds

• léi
  • 累累
  • 累赘, 累坠
• lěi
  • 累次
  • 累代
  • 累犯
  • 累积
  • 累及
  • 累计
  • 累进
  • 累进税
  • 累卵
  • 累年
  • 累日
  • 累时
  • 累世
  • 累月经年
• lèi
  • 累乏
  • 累活, 累活儿
  • 累垮
  • 累人
  • 累死累活
  • 累坏, 累壞

References

• "累" (in Mandarin/English), MDBG English to Chinese dictionary ( Based on CC-CEDICT ). URL accessed on 2014-02-14.
• "Jukuu" (in Mandarin/English), Jukuu. URL accessed on 2014-03-03.

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Min Nan

Verb

累 (traditional, POJ luī)

1. tired

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Vietnamese

Han character

累 (luy, luỵ, lủi, luỹ, mệt)