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忙

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 忘
忙 U+5FD9, 忙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5FD9
← 忘
[U+5FD8] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 忚 →
[U+5FDA]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character

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忙 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 心卜女 (PYV), four-corner 90010, composition ⿰忄亡)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 377, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10334
  • Dae Jaweon: page 703, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2272, character 16
  • Unihan data for U+5FD9

Chinese

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trad. 忙
simp. # 忙
alternative forms 芒
茫

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
忙 *maːŋ
芒 *maːŋ, *maŋ
茫 *maːŋ
恾 *maːŋ
吂 *maːŋ, *maːŋs
汒 *maːŋ, *maŋs
朚 *maːŋ, *hmaːŋ, *maŋ, *mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙 *maːŋ, *maŋ
杗 *maːŋ, *maŋ
荒 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋs
肓 *hmaːŋ
衁 *hmaːŋ
巟 *hmaːŋ
詤 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌 *hmaːŋ, *hmaːŋʔ
謊 *hmaːŋʔ
喪 *smaːŋs, *smaːŋ
亡 *maŋ
望 *maŋ, *maŋs
莣 *maŋ
朢 *maŋ, *maŋs
鋩 *maŋ
硭 *maŋ
忘 *maŋ, *maŋs
网 *mlaŋʔ
罔 *mlaŋʔ
蛧 *maŋʔ
網 *mlaŋʔ
輞 *maŋʔ
棢 *maŋʔ
惘 *maŋʔ
菵 *maŋʔ
誷 *maŋʔ
魍 *maŋʔ
妄 *maŋs
盲 *mraːŋ
蝱 *mraːŋ
虻 *mraːŋ
氓 *mraːŋ
甿 *mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *maːŋ): semantic 忄 + phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ). Doublet of 忘 (OC *maŋ, *maŋs).

Pronunciation

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Note: bâng - vernacular, bông - literary.
Rime
Character 忙
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 唐 (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 莫郎切
Baxter mang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/mɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/mɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/mɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/maŋ/
Li
Rong 		/mɑŋ/
Wang
Li 		/mɑŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/mɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		máng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		mong4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 忙
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		máng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mˁaŋ/
English flurried

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 忙
Reading # 1/1
No. 12639
Phonetic
component 		亡
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		茫
Old
Chinese 		/*maːŋ/
Notes 同恾方言作茫

Definitions

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忙

  1. busy; bustling
    你最近忙嗎？／你最近忙吗？  ―  Nǐ zuìjìn máng ma?  ―  Have you been busy lately?
  2. to be busy (with something)
    我最近忙著考試。 [MSC, trad.]
    我最近忙着考试。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒ zuìjìn máng zhe kǎoshì. [Pinyin]
    I've been busy with exams as of late.
  3. hurried; rushed; flustered
  4. to hurry; to rush
  5. favor (when used as a component of the separable verb 幫忙)
    你能不能幫我一個忙？ [MSC, trad.]
    你能不能帮我一个忙？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ néng bù néng bāng wǒ yī ge máng? [Pinyin]
    Can you do me a favor?
  6. a surname

Synonyms

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  • (busy):
Dialectal synonyms of 忙 (“busy”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 忙, 忙碌
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 忙
Taiwan 忙
Harbin 忙
Singapore 忙
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 忙
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 忙
Xi'an 忙
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 忙
Wuhan 忙
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 忙
Hefei 忙
Cantonese Guangzhou 唔得閒, 忙
Hong Kong 唔得閒, 忙
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 唔得閒
Macau 唔得閒
Guangzhou (Panyu) 唔得閒
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 忙, 唔得閒
Guangzhou (Conghua) 唔得閒
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 唔得閒
Foshan 唔得閒
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 唔得閒
Foshan (Shunde) 唔得閒
Foshan (Sanshui) 忙, 唔得閒
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 忙, 唔得閒
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 唔得閒
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 唔得閒
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 唔得閒
Zhuhai (Doumen) 唔得閒
Jiangmen (Baisha) 唔得閒
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 唔得閒
Taishan 唔得閒
Kaiping (Chikan) 唔得閒
Enping (Niujiang) 唔得閒
Heshan (Yayao) 忙, 唔得閒
Dongguan 唔得閒
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 唔得閒
Yangjiang 無得閒
Singapore (Guangfu) 唔得閒, 忙
Gan Nanchang 忙
Hakka Meixian 忙, 無閒, 唔閒
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 唔得閒
Dongguan (Qingxi) 唔得閒
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 唔得閒
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 唔得閒
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 唔閒
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 無閒
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 無閒
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 無閒
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 無閒
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 無閒
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 無閒
Huizhou Jixi 忙
Jin Taiyuan 忙
Northern Min Jian'ou 無工, 忙
Eastern Min Fuzhou 無閒, 忙
Southern Min Xiamen 無閒
Quanzhou 無閒
Zhangzhou 無閒
Kaohsiung 無時閒
Yilan 無閒
Changhua (Lukang) 無閒
Taichung 無閒
Taichung (Wuqi) 無閒
Tainan 無閒
Taitung 無閒
Hsinchu 無閒
Penghu (Magong) 無閒
Singapore (Hokkien) 無閒
Manila (Hokkien) 無閒
Chaozhou 唔閒
Jieyang 唔閒
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 唔得閒
Wu Shanghai 忙
Suzhou 忙
Danyang 忙
Ningbo 忙
Wenzhou 忙
Xiang Changsha 忙
Shuangfeng 忙
  • (to be busy with something): 忙碌 (mánglù)

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “busy”): 閒／闲 (xián)

Compounds

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References

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  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “忙”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 151.

Japanese

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Kanji

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忙

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. busy

Readings

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  • Go-on: もう (mō)
  • Kan-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いそがしい (isogashii, 忙しい, Jōyō)

Compounds

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Korean

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Hanja

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忙 (eumhun 바쁠 망 (bappeul mang))

  1. hanja form? of 망 (“busy”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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忙: Hán Việt readings: mang[1][2][3][4][5]
忙: Nôm readings: màng[1][2][3][4][5], mường[1][2][3], mang[1][2], mắng[1][2]

  1. chữ Hán form of mang (“busy”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of mang (“to carry”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of màng (“(chiefly in the negative) to take interest in (something); to be concerned (with)”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of mắng (“(Northern Vietnam) to scold, to chide”)
  5. chữ Nôm form of mường (“used in mường tượng (“to vaguely remember”)”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hồ (1976).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Génibrel (1898).
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