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U+4E4F, 乏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E4F

[U+4E4E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E50]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 4, 丿+4 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 丿+3 in mainland China and Japanese, 5 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 4 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 竹戈弓人 (HINO), four-corner 20307, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 82, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 133
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 34, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4E4F

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𠂜
𠓟
𣥄

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character




References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Possibly an ideogram (指事) generated by replacing uppermost stroke of (“straight; right”) with a slanted stroke 丿 — not right; lacking.

According to Shuowen, an ideogram (指事) created from reversing (“straight; right”). This is more evident in the Small Seal Script form.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • hoa̍t - literary;
  • ha̍t - vernacular.
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huag8 / huêg8 / hêg8 / hag8
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hua̍k / hue̍k / he̍k / ha̍k
    • Sinological IPA (key): /huak̚⁴/, /huek̚⁴/, /hek̚⁴/, /hak̚⁴/
Note:
  • huag8/huêg8 - literary (huêg8 - Chaozhou);
  • hêg8 - vernacular (“tired”);
  • hag8 - vernacular (“to lack”).

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (3)
Final () (148)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter bjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/bɨɐp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/biɐp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/biɐp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/buap̚/
Li
Rong
/biɐp̚/
Wang
Li
/bĭwɐp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/bʱi̯wɐp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
faat6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ bjop ›
Old
Chinese
/*[b](r)[o]p/
English lack (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2852
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*bob/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to lack
      ―  quē  ―  to lack; to be short of
  2. poor
      ―  pín  ―  poor
  3. tired
      ―    ―  tired

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. poverty
  2. lack
  3. scarcity

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese (MC bjop).

Hanja[edit]

(eumhun 모자랄 (mojaral pip))

  1. Hanja form? of (lack).

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
  • Naver Hanja Dictionary: 乏

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: phạp, phạc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.