鰓

See also: 鳃

鰓 U+9C13, 鰓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9C13 ← 鰒 [U+9C12] CJK Unified Ideographs 鰔 → [U+9C14]

Translingual

Han character

鰓 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+9, 20 strokes, Cangjie input 弓火田心 (NFWP), four-corner 2633₀, composition ⿰魚思)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1475, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46344
• Dae Jaweon: page 2006, character 32
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4701, character 15
• Unihan data for U+9C13

Chinese

trad.		鰓
simp.		鳃

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (囟) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
崽	*ʔslɯːʔ, *srɯː, *srɯː
偲	*sn̥ʰɯː, *snɯ
腮	*snɯː
鰓	*snɯː
揌	*snɯː
顋	*snɯː
愢	*snɯː
毢	*snɯː
諰	*srɯː, *snɯʔ
細	*snɯːls
思	*snɯ, *snɯs
緦	*snɯ
罳	*snɯ
禗	*snɯ
楒	*snɯ
葸	*snɯʔ
恖	*snɯ
颸	*sʰrɯ
囟	*snɯns
顖	*sniŋs
毸	*snɯː

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 腮?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sāi (sai¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄞ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soi¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sôi

  (Hailu, HRS): soi^ˋ

• Eastern Min (BUC): săi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ci¹ / so¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhi / sai

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ci¹ / sai¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹se

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sāi
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄞ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sai
    • Wade–Giles: sai¹
    • Yale: sāi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sai
    • Palladius: сай (saj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: soi¹
    • Yale: sōi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: soi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔːi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sôi
    • Hakka Romanization System: soi^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: soi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /soi̯²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: soi^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /soi⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: săi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ci¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ci¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seo
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

• ci1 - vernacular;
• so1 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi / sai
    • Tâi-lô: tshi / sai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chy, say
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰi⁴⁴/, /sai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰi³³/, /sai³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰi⁴⁴/, /sai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰi⁴⁴/, /sai⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰi⁴⁴/, /sai⁴⁴/

Note:

• chhi - vernacular;
• sai - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ci¹ / sai¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshi / sai
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi³³/, /sai³³/

Note:

• ci1 - vernacular;
• sai1 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹se
    • MiniDict: se^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹se
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /se⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: soj

Rime
Character	鰓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇來切
Baxter	soj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/səi/
Shao Rongfen	/sɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səj/
Li Rong	/sᴀi/
Wang Li	/sɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/sɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sāi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soi1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*snɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鰓
Reading #	1/1
No.	13826
Phonetic component	囟
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	鰓
Old Chinese	/*snɯː/

Definitions

鰓

1. fish gill

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鰓 (“gill (of a fish)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鰓
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	鰓
	Harbin	魚嘎撒, 嘎撒, 魚嘎水, 魚棵鰓
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	鰓, 魚鰓, 結鰓
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	魚鰓
	Xi'an	魚鰓
	Xining	魚耳鰓
	Xuzhou	魚鰓
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	魚鰓
	Ürümqi	魚鰓
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	鰓, 鰓巴, 魚鰓
	Wuhan	魚鰓
	Liuzhou	魚鰓
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	魚鰓
	Yangzhou	鰓, 魚鰓
Cantonese	Hong Kong	鰓, 魚鰓
	Dongguan	魚鰓
Gan	Nanchang	鰓, 魚鰓
	Lichuan	魚鰓
Hakka	Meixian	魚頦鰓
	Yudu	魚鰓
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	頦鰓
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	頦鰓
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	頦鰓
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	頦鰓
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	頦鰓
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	頦鰓
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	魚鰓
Huizhou	Jixi	魚葉鰓
Jin	Taiyuan	魚鰓
	Xinzhou	魚兒鬍鰓
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鰓, 魚鰓
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鰓, 魚鰓
Southern Min	Xiamen	魚鰓
	Quanzhou	魚鰓
	Zhangzhou	魚鰓
	Tainan	魚鰓
	Haikou	魚鰓
Puxian Min	Putian	鰓, 魚鰓
	Xianyou	鰓, 魚鰓
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	魚鰓
Wu	Shanghai	鰓, 魚蛤鰓
	Shanghai (Chongming)	魚夾鰓
	Suzhou	頜鰓
	Danyang	鰓
	Hangzhou	魚鰓兒
	Ningbo	魚鰓
	Wenzhou	鰓, 魚鰓
	Jinhua	鰓
Xiang	Loudi	魚鰓

Compounds

• 七鰓鰻 / 七鳃鳗 (qīsāimán)
• 曝鰓龍門 / 曝鳃龙门
• 海鰓 / 海鳃
• 瓣鰓類 / 瓣鳃类
• 蛤鰓 / 蛤鳃
• 魚蛤鰓 / 鱼蛤鳃
• 魚鰓 / 鱼鳃 (yúsāi)
• 鰓尾類 / 鳃尾类
• 鰓葉 / 鳃叶
• 鰓蓋 / 鳃盖
• 鰓蝨 / 鳃虱
• 鰓足類 / 鳃足类

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 鰓 – see 葸 (“fearful”). (This character is an obsolete form of 葸).

Compounds

• 鰓鰓 / 鳃鳃

References

• William Campbell (1913), A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 92.
• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “鳃”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 85.
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “鳃”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 201.

Japanese

Kanji

鰓

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: さい (sai)、し (shi)
• Kan-on: さい (sai)、し (shi)
• Kun: えら (era, 鰓)

Compounds

• 鰓蓋(さいがい) (saigai)
• 鰓弓(さいきゅう) (saikyū)
• 鰓骨(さいこつ) (saikotsu)
• 鰓葉(さいよう) (saiyō)
• 外鰓(がいさい) (gaisai)
• 内鰓(ないさい) (naisai)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鰓
えら Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
腮 顋

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [e̞ɾa̠]
• (Tokyo) えら [èrá] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

鰓(えら) or 鰓(エラ) • (era) 

1. gill (breathing organ of fish and other aquatic animals)

Derived terms

• 鰓孔(えらあな) (eraana)
• 鰓蚕(エラコ) (erako)
• 鰓心臓(えらしんぞう) (erashinzō)
• 鰓蓋(えらぶた) (erabuta)
• 鰓骨(えらぼね) (erabone)
• 海鰓(ウミエラ) (umiera)

References

• “^▲鰓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

鰓 (eumhun 아가미 새 (agami sae))

1. gill

Hanja

鰓 (eumhun 두려워할 시 (duryeowohal si))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鰓: Hán Nôm readings: tai

1. gill