因

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See also: 囙
因 U+56E0, 因
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56E0
← 囟
[U+56DF]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 囡 →
[U+56E1]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order
因-order.gif

Han character[edit]

因 (radical 31 囗+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 田大 (WK), four-corner 60430, composition ⿴囗大)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 217, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4693
  • Dae Jaweon: page 444, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 711, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+56E0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 因

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 因
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
因-oracle.svg 因-bronze.svg 因-seal.svg 因-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (因) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
欭 *qrils
烟 *qiːn, *qin
胭 *qiːn
咽 *qiːn, *qiːns, *qiːd
恩 *qɯːn
煾 *qɯːn
因 *qin
姻 *qin
茵 *qin
鞇 *qin
氤 *qin
洇 *qin
駰 *qin, *qrin
絪 *qin
裀 *qin

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 囗 (“sheet”) + 大 (“person”) – man on a mattress. Original form of 裀 (OC *qin, “mat”) or 茵 (OC *qin, “mattress; cushion”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 因
Mandarin Beijing /in⁵⁵/
Harbin /in⁴⁴/
Tianjin /in²¹/
Jinan /iẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /iə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /in²⁴/
Xi'an /iẽ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /in¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /in⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /in²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐn⁵³/
Nanning /jɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /in⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /iŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /in²³/
Rime
Character 因
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於眞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔin/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔin/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiĕn/
Wang
Li		 /ĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yīn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 因
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yīn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjin ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔi[n]/
English rely on

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 因
Reading # 1/1
No. 15176
Phonetic
component		 因
Rime
group		 眞
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 因
Old
Chinese		 /*qin/
Notes 甲文象人臥於茵席，爲茵初文

Definitions[edit]

因

  1. reason; cause
  2. because; since
  3. due to
  4. to follow (e.g. a tradition)

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 因

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

因

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

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Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

因 • (in) (hangeul 인, McCune-Reischauer in)

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Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

因 (nhân, nhằn, dăn, nhăn, nhơn)

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