丈
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Han character
[edit]丈 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 十大 (JK), four-corner 50000, composition ⿻𠂇㇏)
Derived characters
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 76, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11
- Dae Jaweon: page 137, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 9, character 2
- Unihan data for U+4E08
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
丈 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𠀋 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 丈 | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 又 (“hand”) – ten chi (尺) is one zhang (丈).
Etymology
[edit]- "gentleman, older man, husband"
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *zrjaŋ ~ rjaŋ (“uncle, superior”) (Schuessler (2007), STEDT; compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part, rise, raise, top, summit”)). Cognate with 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) "upwards", Tibetan ཨ་ཞང (a zhang, “maternal uncle”), Burmese အရှင် (a.hrang, “master, lord”), etc.
- "unit of measurement"
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, compare Mizo ṭâng " kai (“to measure (v.), a measure (n.) from the tip of the middle finger from one side to a spot between the breast bone and the other side's armpit”) (Schuessler, 2007)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zang4
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhong / chhông
- Eastern Min (BUC): dâung / diông / tiông
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6zan / 4dzan / 6dzan / 4zan / 6za / 4za / 6jian
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
- Wade–Giles: chang4
- Yale: jàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
- Palladius: чжан (čžan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zang4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zoeng6
- Yale: jeuhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng6
- Guangdong Romanization: zêng6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong / chhông
- Hakka Romanization System: cong / congˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cong4 / cong1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dâung / diông / tiông
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɑuŋ²⁴²/, /tuɔŋ²⁴²/, /tʰuɔŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- dâung - unit of measure;
- diông/tiông - kinship term.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiūⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tiūnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dviu
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan): /tiũ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /tiũ²²/
- IPA (Philippines): /tiũ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tiōnn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dvioi
- IPA (Tainan): /tiɔ̃³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔ̃²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāuⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tiāunn
- Phofsit Daibuun: dviau
- IPA (Penang): /tiãu²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̄g
- Tâi-lô: tn̄g
- Phofsit Daibuun: dng
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tŋ̍²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tňg
- Tâi-lô: tňg
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tŋ̍²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōng
- Tâi-lô: tiōng
- Phofsit Daibuun: diong
- IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāng
- Tâi-lô: tiāng
- Phofsit Daibuun: diang
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒng
- Tâi-lô: tiǒng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines)
Note:
- tiūⁿ/tiōⁿ/tiǔⁿ, tn̄g/tňg - vernacular;
- tiōng/tiāng/tiǒng - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: deng6 / ziang6 / diên6 / dion6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̆ng / tsiăng / tiĕⁿ / tiŏⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɯŋ³⁵/, /t͡siaŋ³⁵/, /tĩẽ³⁵/, /tĩõ³⁵/
Note:
- deng6 - unit of measurement;
- ziang6 - “to measure”;
- diên6/dion6 - “gentleman”.
- Wu
Note: za - as in "father-in-law", see 丈人.
- Middle Chinese: drjangX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]raŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*daŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]丈
- A unit of measurement.
- The zhang, a traditional Chinese unit of length equal to 10 chi (尺)
- The mainland zhang, a unit of length standardized in 1984 as 3 1/3 meters.
- Synonym: 市丈 (shìzhàng)
- The Taiwanese zhang, a unit of length standardized as 3 1/33 meters, identical to the Japanese jō.
- The Hong Kong jeuhng, standardized as 3.71475 meters.
- to survey (land); to measure
- gentleman; man; husband
- 丈夫 ― zhàngfū ― husband
See also
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 一丈差九尺 (yīzhàngchājiǔchǐ)
- 一丈青
- 一落千丈 (yīluòqiānzhàng)
- 一跳八丈
- 丈丈
- 丈二金剛/丈二金刚
- 丈人
- 丈人峰
- 丈人行
- 丈八燈臺/丈八灯台
- 丈八蛇矛 (Zhàng bā shémáo)
- 丈六金身
- 丈夫
- 丈夫女
- 丈夫子
- 丈室
- 丈母 (zhàngmǔ)
- 丈母娘
- 丈莊/丈庄 (Zhàngzhuāng)
- 丈量 (zhàngliáng)
- 不丈夫
- 偉丈夫/伟丈夫
- 光焰萬丈/光焰万丈
- 光芒萬丈/光芒万丈 (guāngmángwànzhàng)
- 公丈
- 函丈
- 國丈/国丈
- 大丈夫
- 大八丈
- 女丈夫
- 女中丈夫
- 姑丈 (gūzhàng)
- 妹丈 (mèizhàng)
- 姊丈 (zǐzhàng)
- 姑丈人
- 姨丈 (yízhàng)
- 家丈人
- 小丈夫
- 尺水丈波
- 岳丈 (yuèzhàng)
- 師丈/师丈 (shīzhàng)
- 席間函丈/席间函丈
- 方丈 (fāngzhàng)
- 方丈之饌/方丈之馔
- 方丈盈前
- 日高三丈
- 清丈
- 火冒三丈 (huǒmàosānzhàng)
- 烈丈夫
- 百丈 (bǎizhàng)
- 百丈山
- 百丈清規/百丈清规
- 百丈竿頭/百丈竿头
- 眇小丈夫
- 萬丈/万丈 (wànzhàng)
- 萬丈深淵/万丈深渊
- 萬丈竿頭/万丈竿头
- 萬丈高樓平地起/万丈高楼平地起 (wànzhàng gāolóu píngdì qǐ)
- 紅塵萬丈/红尘万丈
- 老丈 (lǎozhàng)
- 老丈人
- 蓑衣丈人
- 豪情萬丈/豪情万丈
- 賤丈夫/贱丈夫
- 雄心萬丈/雄心万丈
- 食前方丈
- 食味方丈
- 黎丘丈人
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 丈 | ![]() |
Kyūjitai [1][2][3] |
丈󠄁 丈+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
丈󠄃 丈+ 󠄃 ?(Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]丈
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: じょう (jō, Jōyō)←ぢやう (dyau, historical)
- Kan-on: ちょう (chō)←ちやう (tyau, historical)
- Kun: たけ (take, 丈, Jōyō); たき (taki, 丈); だけ (dake, 丈); はかる (hakaru, 丈る)
- Nanori: たけ (take); とも (tomo); ひろ (hiro); ます (masu)
Alternative forms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 丈 (MC drjangX).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- jō, a traditional Japanese unit of length based on 10 shaku, standardized as equal to 3 1⁄33 meters.
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
丈 |
たけ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
長 |
⟨take2⟩ → /takje/ → /take/
Cognate with 高 (taka, “height”), 高い (takai, “high”), and 長ける (takeru, “to be high”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- height
- 970–999, Utsubo Monogatari, page Toshikage:
- 言ひ教ふる事もなくておほし立つるに、年にもあはず、丈高く心賢し。
- His wife, a princess of the blood, bore him a son, who proved to be clever by nature, and grew up into a boy of superior mien and disposition.
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
丈 |
だけ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 丈 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 丈, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Usage notes
[edit]- This term is often spelled in hiragana. The kanji spelling is rarely used.
Etymology 4
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a male given name
Compounds
[edit]- はちじょう (hachijō)
References
[edit]- Kōno, Tama (c. 970–999) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 10: Utsubo Monogatari 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1959, →ISBN.
- ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “丈”, in 字通 (Jitsū)[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 23 (paper), page 61 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 20 (paper), page 22 (digital)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- A unit of measurement equal to the Chinese zhang
References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]丈: Hán Việt readings: trượng
丈: Nôm readings: trượng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Sichuanese verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 丈
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading じょう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ぢやう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ちょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ちやう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たけ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading たき
- Japanese kanji with kun reading だけ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はか・る
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たけ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading とも
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひろ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ます
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ぢ
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 丈
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 丈 read as たけ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms spelled with 丈 read as だけ
- Japanese particles
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese given names
- Japanese male given names
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom