應
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Traditional | 應 |
|---|---|
| Shinjitai | 応 |
| Simplified | 应 |
Han character[edit]
應 (radical 61 心+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 戈人土心 (IOGP) or 戈土心 (IGP), four-corner 00231, composition ⿸䧹心)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 405, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11330
- Dae Jaweon: page 746, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2359, character 3
- Unihan data for U+61C9
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 應 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 应 | |
| alt. forms | ||
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (鷹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 應 | *qɯŋ, *qɯŋs |
| 鷹 | *qɯŋ |
| 膺 | *qɯŋ |
| 譍 | *qɯŋs |
| 噟 | *qɯŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯŋ, *qɯŋs): phonetic 䧹 (OC *qɯŋ) + semantic 心 (“heart”).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jing1
- Min Dong (BUC): ĭng
- Min Nan (POJ): eng / èng
- Wu (Wiktionary): in (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ
- Wade-Giles: ying1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ing
- IPA (key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jing1
- Yale: yīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing1
- Guangdong Romanization: ying1
- IPA (key): /jɪŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng
- IPA (key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: in (T1)
- IPA (key): /ɪɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 應 (應該) |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /iŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /iŋ²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /iŋ²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /iŋ²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /iŋ³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iŋ²¹/ | |
| Xining | /iə̃⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /iŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ĩn¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /iŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /in³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /in²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ĩ¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /in³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /in²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /iŋ¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /ĩŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /iŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔin³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /j̠aŋ³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /iʌ̃³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /iɛ¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /in⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /in⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jeŋ⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /jeŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jiŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /iŋ⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /iŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /eiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /eŋ³³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /eŋ²³/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 應 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於陵切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔɨŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔɨŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔieŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔiŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔiəŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/ĭəŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔi̯əŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yīng |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 應 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yīng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔing › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[q](r)əŋ/ |
| English | ought |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 應 |
| Reading # | 1/2 |
| No. | 15346 |
| Phonetic component |
鷹 |
| Rime group |
蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
膺 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qɯŋ/ |
Definitions[edit]
應
- should; ought to
-
- 文王既勤止，我應受之。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- 文王既勤止，我应受之。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's translation
-
- Wénwáng jì qín zhǐ, wǒ yīng shòu zhī. [Pinyin]
- King Wen laboured earnestly; Right is it we should have received [the kingdom].
-
- perhaps; maybe
- A surname.
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 應
Pronunciation 2[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jing3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): en / yin / yín
- Min Dong (BUC): éng
- Min Nan (POJ): ìn / èng / eng
- Wu (Wiktionary): in (T2)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˋ
- Wade-Giles: ying4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yinq
- IPA (key): /iŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jing3
- Yale: ying
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing3
- Guangdong Romanization: ying3
- IPA (key): /jɪŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: en / yin / yín
- Hakka Romanization System: en / in / in`
- Hagfa Pinyim: en4 / yin4 / yin3
- IPA: /en⁵⁵/, /in⁵⁵/, /in³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: en / yin / yín
- Hakka Romanization System: en / (r)in / (r)in`
- Hagfa Pinyim: en4 / yin4 / yin3
- IPA: /en⁵⁵/, /(j)in⁵⁵/, /(j)in³¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note:
- en - colloquial ("to reply");
- yin - literary ("to agree, to handle");
- yín - colloquial ("to promise").
Note:
- ìn - vernacular;
- èng - literary;
- eng - surname.
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: in (T2)
- IPA (key): /ɪɲ³⁴/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 應 (應對) |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /iŋ⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /iŋ⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /iŋ⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /iŋ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /iŋ⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /iŋ³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /iŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /iə̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /iŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /ĩn¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /iŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /in³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /in¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /in²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /ĩ²¹²/ | |
| Nanjing | /in⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /in⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /iŋ³⁵/ /i³⁵/ 答～ |
|
| Hohhot | /ĩŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /iŋ³⁵/ |
| Suzhou | /in⁵¹³/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔin⁵³⁴⁴⁵/ | |
| Wenzhou | /j̠aŋ⁴²/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /iʌ̃³²⁴/ |
| Tunxi | /in⁴²/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /in⁵⁵/ |
| Xiangtan | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /in⁴⁵/ ～付 /ŋiɛn⁴⁵/ ～一聲 |
| Hakka | Meixian | /in⁵³/ |
| Taoyuan | /in⁵⁵/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jeŋ³³/ |
| Nanning | /jeŋ³³/ | |
| Hong Kong | /jiŋ³³/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /iŋ²¹/ /in²¹/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /ɛiŋ²¹²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /aiŋ³³/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /eŋ²¹³/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /eŋ³⁵/ /in³⁵/ |
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 應 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 蒸 (133) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 於證切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔɨŋH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔɨŋH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔieŋH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔiŋH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔiəŋH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ĭəŋH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔi̯əŋH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yìng |
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 應 |
| Reading # | 2/2 |
| No. | 15349 |
| Phonetic component |
鷹 |
| Rime group |
蒸 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
應 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qɯŋs/ |
Definitions[edit]
應
- to answer; to reply
- to permit; to promise
- to agree; to echo; to go along with
- to handle; to deal with
- (of words, etc.) to come true; to be confirmed
- to suit; to fit
- to accept
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 應
Japanese[edit]
| 応 | |
| 應 |
Kanji[edit]
應
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 応)
Readings[edit]
- Goon: おう (ō)←おう (ou, historical)
- Kan’on: よう (yō)←よう (you, historical)
- Kun: こたえる (kotaeru, 應える)←こたへる (kotaferu, historical); いらえる (iraeru, 應える)←いらへる (iraferu, historical); あたる (ataru, 應る)←あたる (ataru, historical); まさに (masani, 應に)←まさに (masani, historical)
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
應 • (eung) (hangeul 응, revised eung, McCune-Reischauer ŭng, Yale ung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
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- Chinese lemmas
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- Chinese usage examples with the translation missing
- Chinese surnames
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- Hakka verbs
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- Kanji used for names
- Japanese kyūjitai spellings
- Japanese kanji with kun reading こた-える
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading こた-へる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いら-える
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading いら-へる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あた-る
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading あた-る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まさ-に
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading まさ-に
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading よう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading よう
- Japanese kanji with goon reading おう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading おう
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
