人間

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See also: 人间

Chinese

[edit]
man; person; people
interstice; separate; between
interstice; separate; between; among; space; (measure word)
 
trad. (人間)
simp. (人间)
alternative forms 人閒

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial () (38) (28)
Final () (43) (73)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III II
Fanqie
Baxter nyin kean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵiɪn/ /kˠɛn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵin/ /kᵚæn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑjen/ /kæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵin/ /kəɨn/
Li
Rong
/ȵiĕn/ /kɛn/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭĕn/ /kæn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯ĕn/ /kăn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
rén jiān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jan4 gaan1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
rén jiān
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyin › ‹ kɛn ›
Old
Chinese
/*ni[ŋ]/ /*kˁre[n]/
English (other) person interval

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
No. 10800 6226
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njin/ /*kreːn/
Notes

Noun

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人間

  1. the human world; the world of mortals

Synonyms

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edit

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (人間):

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
にん
Grade: 1
けん > げん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

From a Buddhist term: 人間界(にんげんかい) (ningenkai, human world).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(にん)(げん) (ningen

  1. human, person, human being
    人間(にんげん)社会(しゃかい)
    ningen shakai
    human society
  2. personality, character
  3. (Buddhism) literally meaning: "human society", referring to one of the six realms of reincarnation in Buddhist cosmology.
Descendants
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
じん
Grade: 1
かん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 人間 (MC nyin kean|keanH).

Noun

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(じん)(かん) (jinkan

  1. (archaic) the world in which people live; the world, society
Synonyms
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Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
ひと
Grade: 1

Grade: 2
kun'yomi

(hito, human) +‎ (ma, place, space) This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

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(ひと)() (hitoma

  1. (dated, rare) a place devoid of people

References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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人間 (in'gan) (hangeul 인간)

  1. hanja form? of 인간 (people, humanity)

Miyako

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Kanji in this term
にん
Grade: 1
きん > ぎん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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  • (Tarama) IPA(key): /ninɡin/
  • (Nakachi, Irabu) IPA(key): /niŋɡiŋ/

Noun

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(にん)(ぎん) (ningin

  1. human, person, human being
  2. personality, character

References

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  • Tokuyama, Shun'ei (渡久山春英), Kenan, Celik (セリック・ケナン) (2020) 南琉球宮古語多良間方言辞典, Tokyo (東京都): Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo, Gengo Hen'i Kenkyū Ryōiki (国立国語研究所 言語変異研究領域), →ISBN, page 343
  • Tomihama, Sadayoshi (富浜定吉) (2013) 宮古伊良部方言辞典, Naha (那覇市): Okinawa Times (沖縄タイムス社), →ISBN, page 504

Okinawan

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Kanji in this term
にん
Grade: 1
きん > ぢん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

Noun

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(にん)(ぢん) (ninjin

  1. human, person, human being

References

[edit]
  • Miyara, Shinshō (宮良信詳) (2021) うちなーぐち活用辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京都): Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo, Gengo Hen'i Kenkyū Ryōiki (国立国語研究所 言語変異研究領域), →DOI, →ISBN, page 233


Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Noun

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人間

  1. chữ Hán form of nhân gian (the human world; the world of mortals).