總統

See also: 总统 and 総統

Chinese

		always; to assemble; gather always; to assemble; gather; total; overall; head; chief; general; in every case	to gather; to unite; to unify to gather; to unite; to unify; whole
trad. (總統)		總	統
simp. (总统)		总	统

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Native or borrowed from Japanese?”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zǒngtǒng

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зунтун (zuntun, I-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung² tung²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chúng-thúng

  (Hailu, HRS): zung^ˊ tung^ˊ

• Eastern Min (BUC): cūng-tūng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chóng-thóng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zong² tong²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tson-thon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǒngtǒng [Phonetic: zóngtǒng]
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˇ ㄊㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǒngtǒng
    • Wade–Giles: tsung³-tʻung³
    • Yale: dzǔng-tǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzoongtoong
    • Palladius: цзунтун (czuntun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зунтун (zuntun, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ²⁴ tʰuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung² tung²
    • Yale: júng túng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung² tung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung² tung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chúng-thúng
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˋ tung^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zung³ tung³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ³¹ tʰuŋ³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: zung^ˊ tung^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻³³ tʰuŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cūng-tūng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ³³⁻³⁵ ^(tʰ-)nuŋ³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chóng-thóng
    • Tâi-lô: tsóng-thóng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zofngtorng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰɔŋ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zong² tong²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsóng thóng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tʰoŋ⁵²⁻²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tson-thon
    • MiniDict: tson^去 thon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tson-thon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ³³ tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

總統

1. president (of a republic)

   候任總統／候任总统  ―  hòurèn zǒngtǒng  ―  president-elect

2. (historical, military) commander-in-chief

   Synonym: 統帥 / 统帅 (tǒngshuài)

Synonyms

• (dated) 伯理璽天德／伯理玺天德 (bólǐxǐtiāndé)
• (dated) 大總統／大总统 (dàzǒngtǒng)

Derived terms

• 副總統 / 副总统 (fùzǒngtǒng)
• 半總統制 / 半总统制 (bàn zǒngtǒngzhì)
• 大總統 / 大总统 (dàzǒngtǒng)
• 總統制 / 总统制 (zǒngtǒngzhì)
• 總統套房 / 总统套房 (zǒngtǒng tàofáng)
• 總統府 / 总统府 (zǒngtǒngfǔ)
• 總統直選 / 总统直选
• 總統蔣公誕辰紀念日 / 总统蒋公诞辰纪念日
• 總統蔣公逝世紀念日 / 总统蒋公逝世纪念日 (Zǒngtǒng Jiǎng Gōng Shìshì Jìniànrì)
• 美國總統報復權 / 美国总统报复权
• 臭頭仔嘛會做皇帝，做總統你嘛有機會 / 臭头仔嘛会做皇帝，做总统你嘛有机会
• 非常總統 / 非常总统

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (總統):

• → Japanese: 総(そう)統(とう) (sōtō)
• → Korean: 총통(總統) (chongtong)
• → Vietnamese: tổng thống (總統)

Others:

• → Tibetan: ཙུང་ཐུང (tsung thung)
• → Zhuang: cungjdungj

See also

• 首相 (shǒuxiàng)
• 議長／议长 (yìzhǎng)
• 宰相 (zǎixiàng), 丞相 (chéngxiàng)
• 主席 (zhǔxí)
• 總理／总理 (zǒnglǐ)
• 閣揆／阁揆 (gékuí)

Japanese

For pronunciation and definitions of 總統 – see the following entry.

【総統そうとう】 [noun] [from 1869] (archaic) general control over something; a person or official position with such control [noun] [from roughly 1912] (government, politics, uncommon, China) president [noun] [from 1930s?] (government, politics) generalissimo (such as Benito Mussolini of Italy), caudillo (such as Francisco Franco of Spain) [noun] [from 1934] (historical) the Führer — Adolf Hitler as the chancellor of Nazi Germany [verb] [from 1869] (archaic) to have or exercise general control over something

(This term, 總統, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
總	統

Noun

總統 • (chongtong) (hangeul 총통)

1. hanja form^? of 총통 (“president”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
總	統

Noun

總統

1. chữ Hán form of tổng thống (“president”).