止

See also: 只 and 足

止	U+6B62, 止 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B62

← 歡
[U+6B61]

CJK Unified Ideographs

正 →
[U+6B63]

⽌	U+2F4C, ⽌ KANGXI RADICAL STOP

← ⽋
[U+2F4B]

Kangxi Radicals

⽍ →
[U+2F4D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Alternative forms[edit]

𣥂
龰 (when used as a bottom radical)

Note that 龰 may also be a component of the radicals 疋 (𤴓/𤴔), 辵 (辶), 走, and 足 (⻊/𧾷).

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 77 止

止 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜中一 (YLM), four-corner 2110₀, composition ⿱⿰丨⺊一 or ⿻上丨 or ⿻⺊丄)

Kangxi radical #77, ⽌.
Shuowen Jiezi radical №27

Derived characters[edit]

Appendix:Chinese radical/止
𠇈, 𠯽, 址, 𪥧, 𭖇, 𢓊, 𪫣, 扯, 沚, 阯, 𨑭, 杫, 𣧐, 𪸔, 祉, 𭨪, 砋, 祉, 䄳, 𧘲, 䊼, 耻, 𧉀, 訨(𫟞), 𧺠, 趾, 𨊺, 䤠, 𩉮
𣢃, 𧠛, 頉, 頉, 𩾰, 𠂛, 企, 𭆨, 𧾷, 𫰏, 𫲺, 芷, 𭟰, 𪰊, 𦊆, 䇛, 𬯪, 𠹜, 𬈰, 𠣏, 𫧎, 𤵁, 凪, 𫭠, 𡵩, 𣏔, 肯, 𥎩, 𥘣, 𦙡, 𧉘, 𧖭, 𧣆, 𥎼, 𭪠, 𤉭, 齒(齿)
之, 足, 㢟, 延 (originally contain 止)

Descendants[edit]

と (Hiragana character derived from Man'yōgana)
ト (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 573, character 24
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16253
Dae Jaweon: page 961, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1435, character 3
Unihan data for U+6B62

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		止

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 止
Shang		Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (止) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
祉	*kʰlɯʔ
址	*kjɯʔ
止	*kjɯʔ
趾	*kjɯʔ
芷	*kjɯʔ
沚	*kjɯʔ
阯	*kjɯʔ
齒	*kʰjɯʔ
紕	be, pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a footprint, originally meaning "foot". The derivative 趾 (OC *kjɯʔ) refers to the original meaning. Compare 手 (“hand”). Note that in oracle script, composed of 3 toes and a sole.

Compare to 夊, 夂, which have similar shape in oracle script, but pointing down (toe pointing right), and 𡕒 (as in right side of 舛, roughly ヰ, toe pointing left), hence different evolution.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi²
Gan (Wiktionary): zi³
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ́

(Meixian, Guangdong): zi³
Jin (Wiktionary): zi²
Min Bei (KCR): cǐ
Min Dong (BUC): cī
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chí

(Teochew, Peng'im): zi²
Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zhr³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi²
  - Yale: jí
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zi³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ́
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zi³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sz̩³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi²
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǐ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
  - Tâi-lô: tsí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: cie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕi⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zi²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tsr (T2)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zhr³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sz̩⁴¹/

Middle Chinese: /t͡ɕɨ^X/

Rime
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸市切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕɨ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕie^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cɨ^X/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiə^X/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭə^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi²

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*təʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kjɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyi^X ›
Old Chinese	/*təʔ/
English	foot; stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	止
Reading #	1/1
No.	17297
Phonetic component	止
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	止
Old Chinese	/*kjɯʔ/
Notes	趾初文

Definitions[edit]

止

^† foot
to stop; to halt
休止 ― xiūzhǐ ― to stop
to bring to an end; to stop; to relieve
止癢 / 止痒 ― zhǐyǎng ― to stop itching (irritation)
to end; to finish
only
71st tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍌)

Synonyms[edit]

(to stop):

edit

Synonyms of 止

中斷／中断 (zhōngduàn)
中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
休止 (xiūzhǐ)
停 (tíng)
停歇 (tíngxiē)
停止 (tíngzhǐ)
夭閼／夭阏 (yǎo'è)
干休 (gānxiū) (literary)

放煞 (Min Nan)
斷站／断站 (Min Nan)
斷節／断节 (Min Nan)
暫停／暂停 (zàntíng) (temporarily)
止息 (zhǐxī)
止煞 (Min Nan)
煞 (Min Nan)

甘休 (gānxiū) (to be willing to give up)
終止／终止 (zhōngzhǐ)
絕／绝 (jué) (literary, or in compounds)
罷休／罢休 (bàxiū) (chiefly in the negative)
罷手／罢手 (bàshǒu)
間斷／间断 (jiànduàn)
頓／顿 (dùn)

Antonyms[edit]

(stop): 始 (shǐ)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 止

不止 (bùzhǐ)
中止 (zhōngzhǐ)
令行禁止
以戰止戰／以战止战
以殺止殺／以杀止杀
以湯止沸／以汤止沸
仰止
休止 (xiūzhǐ)
休止符 (xiūzhǐfú)
何止 (hézhǐ)
停止 (tíngzhǐ)
制止 (zhìzhǐ)
動止／动止
勸止／劝止 (quànzhǐ)
古文觀止／古文观止 (Gǔwén Guānzhǐ)
吉祥止止
喝止 (hèzhǐ)
嘆為觀止／叹为观止 (tànwéiguānzhǐ)
大家舉止／大家举止
妨止
學無止境／学无止境 (xuéwúzhǐjìng)
官止神行
居止
底止
廢止／废止 (fèizhǐ)
心如止水 (xīnrúzhǐshuǐ)
戛然而止 (jiárán'érzhǐ)
戢止
截止 (jiézhǐ)
戾止
扇火止沸
抑止 (yìzhǐ)
投止
投膏止火
抽薪止沸
掛失止付／挂失止付
揚湯止沸／扬汤止沸 (yángtāngzhǐfèi)
摩訶止觀／摩诃止观
明德止善
暫止／暂止
望梅止渴 (wàngméizhǐkě)
望門投止／望门投止
棲止／栖止
欲言又止
歎為觀止／叹为观止
止不住
止亂／止乱 (zhǐluàn)

止付
止住
止兌／止兑
止咳 (zhǐké)
止嘔／止呕
止境 (zhǐjìng)
止宿 (zhǐsù)
止息 (zhǐxī)
止惡揚善／止恶扬善
止戈
止戈散馬／止戈散马
止戈為武／止戈为武 (zhǐgēwéiwǔ)
止戈興仁／止戈兴仁
止戰／止战
止持戒
止於至善／止于至善 (zhǐyúzhìshàn)
止暴禁非
止步 (zhǐbù)
止殺／止杀
止水 (zhǐshuǐ)
止泊
止渴 (zhǐkě)
止渴思梅
止渴飲鴆／止渴饮鸩
止痛 (zhǐtòng)
止痛藥／止痛药 (zhǐtòngyào)
止癢／止痒 (zhǐyǎng)
止血 (zhǐxuè)
止血劑／止血剂
止血帶／止血带 (zhǐxuèdài)
止血法
止血點／止血点
止觀／止观 (zhǐguān)
止詞／止词
止談風月／止谈风月
止謗／止谤
止足之分
止遏
止酒
止頓／止顿
歸止／归止
死而後止／死而后止
永無止境／永无止境 (yǒngwúzhǐjìng)
汐止 (Xīzhǐ)
沒行止／没行止
流行坎止

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

止

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

(とめる): to stop
(やめる): to stop, to terminate

Readings[edit]

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: とまる (tomaru, 止まる, Jōyō); とめる (tomeru, 止める, Jōyō); とどまる (todomaru, 止まる); とどめる (todomeru, 止める); やむ (yamu, 止む); やめる (yameru, 止める); よす (yosu, 止す); さす (sasu, 止す)

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

止観(しかん) (shikan)
- 止観業(しかんごう) (shikan-gō)
- 止観(しかん)十乗(じゅうじょう) (shikan jūjō)
- 一乗(いちじょう)止観院(しかんいん) (ichijō shikan-in)
- 真言(しんごん)止観(しかん) (shingon shikan)
- 天台(てんだい)止観(しかん) (tendai shikan)
- 摩訶(まか)止観(しかん) (maka shikan)
止(し)汗(かん)剤(ざい) (shikanzai, “antiperspirant”)
止(し)血(けつ) (shiketsu)
止(し)止(し)不(ふ)須(しゅ)説(せつ) (shishifushusetsu)
止(し)瀉(しゃ)剤(ざい) (shishazai, “antidiarrheal”)
止(し)宿(しゅく) (shishuku)
止(し)住(じゅう) (shijū)
止(し)水(すい) (shisui)
止(し)痛(つう) (shitsū)
止(し)動(どう)方(ほう)角(がく) (shidōhōgaku)
止揚(しよう) (shiyō, “sublation”)
止(し)痢(り)剤(ざい) (shirizai)
止(と)まり木(ぎ) (tomarigi)
止(とめ)句(く) (tomeku)
止(とめ)相(そう)場(ば) (tomesōba, “stop price”)
止(と)め針(ばり), 止(とめ)針(ばり) (tomebari, “pin”)
止(とめ)偏(へん) (tome-hen)
止(と)め弁(べん) (tomeben, “stop valve”)
遏止(あっし) (asshi)
駅(えき)止(ど)め (eki-dome, “delivery of freight by train”)
依止(えじ) (eji)
核(かく)抑(よく)止(し) (kakuyokushi, “nuclear deterrence”)
鎌(かま)止(ど)め (kama-dome, “prohibition on cutting grass”)
川(かわ)止(ど)め (kawa-dome, “suspension of ferry service”)
諫(かん)止(し) (kanshi, “dissuasion”)
客(きゃく)止(ど)め (kyaku-dome, “full house”)
休(きゅう)止(し) (kyūshi)
競業(きょうぎょう)避止(ひし) (kyōgyō hishi, “noncompete clause”)
挙止(きょし) (kyoshi, “bearing; deportment”)
拒止(きょし) (kyoshi, “refusal”)
禁止(きんし) (kinshi)
魚鳥(ぎょうちょう)止(ど)め (gyōchō-dome)
車(くるま)止(ど)め (kuruma-dome, “buffer stop”)
車輪(しゃりん)止(ど)め (sharin-dome, “chock”)
終(しゅう)止(し) (shūshi)
笑(しょう)止(し) (shōshi)
進(しん)止(し) (shinshi)
制(せい)止(し) (seishi)
静(せい)止(し) (seishi)
咳(せき)止(ど)め (seki-dome, “cough medicine”)
阻止(そし), 沮止(そし) (soshi)
体言(たいげん)止(ど)め (taigen-dome)
血止(ちど)め (chi-dome, “styptic”)
中(ちゅう)止(し) (chūshi)
丁々(ちょうちょう)発止(はっし) (chōchōhasshi)
停(てい)止(し) (teishi)
底(てい)止(し) (teishi)
動(どう)止(し) (dōshi)
廃(はい)止(し) (haishi)
波止場(はとば) (hatoba)
閉(へい)止(し) (heishi, “stoppage”)
防(ぼう)止(し) (bōshi)
明(めい)鏡(きょう)止(し)水(すい) (meikyōshisui)
黙(もく)止(し) (mokushi, “keeping quiet”)
山(やま)止(ど)め (yama-dome, “landslide prevention wall”)
雪(ゆき)止(ど)め (yuki-dome, “snow guard, snow stopper”)
容(よう)止(し) (yōshi)
抑(よく)止(し) (yokushi)
乎(を)古(こ)止(と)点(てん) (okototen)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

止 (eumhun 그칠 지 (geuchil ji))

Hanja form^? of 지 (“stop”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

止: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

止

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