禁止
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]| to prohibit; to forbid; endure | to stop; prohibit; till | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (禁止) | 禁 | 止 | |
| simp. #(禁止) | 禁 | 止 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gam3 zi2
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ging4 zi3
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5cin-tsy5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: jìnzhǐ
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄓˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jìnjhǐh
- Wade–Giles: chin4-chih3
- Yale: jìn-jř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinnjyy
- Palladius: цзиньчжи (czinʹčži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɻ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- Homophones:
禁指
禁止
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gam3 zi2
- Yale: gam jí
- Cantonese Pinyin: gam3 dzi2
- Guangdong Romanization: gem3 ji2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐm³³ t͡siː³⁵/
- Homophones:
禁指
禁止
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kim-chṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: gim ziiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gim4 zi3
- Sinological IPA: /kim⁵⁵ t͡sɨ³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: gimˇ zhiˊ
- Sinological IPA: /kim¹¹ t͡ʃi²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ging4 zi3 [Phonetic: ging1 zi3]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi̍ng-cî
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡si⁴⁵³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ging4 zi3 [Phonetic: ging1 zi3]
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡si³³²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Verb
[edit]禁止
- to prohibit; to forbid
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Duffus, William (1883), “forbid”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 113
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 禁 | 止 |
| きん Grade: 5 |
し Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 禁止する
| Plain | 禁止する | きんし・する | [kìńshí sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 禁止して | きんし・して | [kìńshí shìté] |
| Perfective | 禁止した | きんし・した | [kìńshí shìtá] |
| Negative | 禁止しない | きんし・しない | [kìńshí shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 禁止しなかった | きんし・しなかった | [kìńshí shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 禁止すれば | きんし・すれば | [kìńshí sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 禁止したら | きんし・したら | [kìńshí shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 禁止しろ 禁止せよ |
きんし・しろ きんし・せよ |
[kìńshí shìró] [kìńshí séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 禁止しよう | きんし・しよー | [kìńshí shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 禁止したい | きんし・したい | [kìńshí shìtáí] |
| Formal | 禁止します | きんし・します | [kìńshí shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 禁止しません | きんし・しません | [kìńshí shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 禁止しましょう | きんし・しましょー | [kìńshí shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 禁止しました | きんし・しました | [kìńshí shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 禁止し 禁止しに |
きんし・し きんし・しに |
[kìńshí shì] [kìńshí shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 禁止せず 禁止せずに |
きんし・せず きんし・せずに |
[kìńshí séꜜzù] [kìńshí séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 禁止される | きんし・される | [kìńshí sàrérú] |
| Causative | 禁止させる 禁止さす |
きんし・させる きんし・さす |
[kìńshí sàsérú] [kìńshí sàsú] |
| Potential | 禁止できる | きんし・できる | [kìńshí dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]禁止する • (kinshi suru) transitive suru (stem 禁止し (kinshi shi), past 禁止した (kinshi shita))
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 禁止し | きんしし | kinshi shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 禁止し | きんしし | kinshi shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 禁止する | きんしする | kinshi suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 禁止する | きんしする | kinshi suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 禁止すれ | きんしすれ | kinshi sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 禁止せよ¹ 禁止しろ² |
きんしせよ¹ きんししろ² |
kinshi seyo¹ kinshi shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 禁止される | きんしされる | kinshi sareru |
| Causative | 禁止させる 禁止さす |
きんしさせる きんしさす |
kinshi saseru kinshi sasu |
| Potential | 禁止できる | きんしできる | kinshi dekiru |
| Volitional | 禁止しよう | きんししよう | kinshi shiyō |
| Negative | 禁止しない | きんししない | kinshi shinai |
| Negative continuative | 禁止せず | きんしせず | kinshi sezu |
| Formal | 禁止します | きんしします | kinshi shimasu |
| Perfective | 禁止した | きんしした | kinshi shita |
| Conjunctive | 禁止して | きんしして | kinshi shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 禁止すれば | きんしすれば | kinshi sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- “禁止”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 禁 | 止 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 금지 (“prohibition”)
Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 禁 | 止 |
Verb
[edit]禁止
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- Japanese terms spelled with 止 read as し
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