須

See also: 须

須 U+9808, 須 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9808 ← 頇 [U+9807] CJK Unified Ideographs 頉 → [U+9809]

Translingual

Han character

須 (radical 181 頁+3, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹一月金 (HHMBC), four-corner 2128₆, composition ⿰彡頁)

Derived characters

• 鬚, 𡡓, 𩓣, 䫠, 䫇, 頿, 盨

Descendants

• 须
• Japanese: ス

References

• KangXi: page 1399, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43352
• Dae Jaweon: page 1916, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4358, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9808

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Chinese

trad.		須
simp.		须

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 須
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bamboo and silk script	Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (須) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
盨	sraʔ
須	so
鬚	so
嬃	so
蕦	so

Pictogram (象形): 彡 (“hair”) + 頁 (“head”) – a head with hair on its side – beard; whiskers — original character of 鬚 (OC *so). Originally a single picture, but abstracted in the seal script into a compound.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xū (xu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî
• Min Nan (POJ): su / si

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xū
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
    • Wade-Giles: hsü¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: seoi¹
    • Yale: sēui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soey¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêu¹
    • IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹
    • IPA: /ɕi²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
    • Tâi-lô: su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /su³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
    • Tâi-lô: si
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /sɨo/▼

Rime
Character	須
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相俞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/sio/
Shao Rongfen	/sio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suə̆/
Li Rong	/sio/
Wang Li	/sĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xū

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[s]o/

  (Zhengzhang): /*so/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	須
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xū
Middle Chinese	‹ sju ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]o/
English	斯須 a short time
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	須
Reading #	1/1
No.	13955
Phonetic component	須
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	須
Old Chinese	/*so/

Definitions

須

1. must; have to; should

Compounds

• 不時之須／不时之须
• 不須／不须 (bùxū)
• 也須／也须
• 些須／些须 (xiēxū)
• 但須／但须
• 何須／何须 (héxū)
• 便須／便须
• 務須／务须
• 只須／只须
• 女大須嫁／女大须嫁
• 女長須嫁／女长须嫁
• 必須／必须 (bìxū)
• 應須／应须
• 摩厲以須／摩厉以须
• 斯須／斯须 (sīxū)

• 是須／是须
• 會須／会须
• 毋須／毋须 (wúxū)
• 無須／无须 (wúxū)
• 直須／直须
• 相須為命／相须为命
• 相須而行／相须而行
• 磨厲以須／磨厉以须
• 磨礪以須／磨砺以须
• 終須／终须 (zhōngxū)
• 肩須拍／肩须拍
• 莫須有／莫须有 (mòxūyǒu)
• 須不是／须不是
• 須彌山／须弥山
• 須彌座／须弥座

• 須待／须待
• 須慮／须虑
• 須捷／须捷
• 須是／须是
• 須然／须然
• 須用／须用
• 須留／须留 (xūliú)
• 須眉／须眉
• 須知／须知 (xūzhī)
• 須索／须索
• 須至／须至
• 須臾／须臾 (xūyú)
• 須要／须要 (xūyào)
• 須陀洹／须陀洹

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 須 – see 鬚. (This character, 須, is a variant form of 鬚.)

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Japanese

Kanji

須

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: す (su, Jōyō)
• Kan’on: しゅ (shu)
• Kun: もとめる (motomeru, 須める); もちいる (mochiiru, 須いる)

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Korean

Hanja

須 • (su) (hangeul 수, revised su, McCune-Reischauer su, Yale swu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

須 (tua, tu)

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