曹

See also: 曺

§Translingual

§Etymology

東 + 東 + 曰 – the top 東 + 東 have merged, and resembles the unrelated 曲 with an extra 一 stroke.

§Han character

曹 (radical 73 曰+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿田日 (TWA), four-corner 5560₆)

1. plaintiff and defendant
2. division department of the central government in ancient times
3. official
4. group, team

§Derived characters

• 遭 漕 槽

§References

• KangXi: page 502, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14297
• Dae Jaweon: page 876, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1511, character 6
• Unihan data for U+66F9

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§Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		曹

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cáo (cao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cou⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): chô

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: cáo
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ts'ao²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaur
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cou⁴
    • Yale: chòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsou⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chô
    • Tâi-lô: tsô
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sə²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sə¹³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (曹, reconstructed)
Character (曹), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 從 (15) Final: 豪 Division: I			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 昨勞切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/d͡zɑu/	/d͡zʱɑu/	/d͡zɑu/	/d͡zɑu/	/d͡zaw/	/d͡zɑu/	/d͡zɑu/

Old Chinese pronunciation (曹, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
曹								cáo								‹ dzaw ›								/*N-tsˤu/								come together; pair
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
曹					1154					曹					幽					1					曹					/*zluː/					金文下非曰字，上從二東，象列置衆種子之器，乃槽初文

§References

• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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§Japanese

§Kanji

曹

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. cadet
2. friend

§Readings

• On: そう (sō)
• Kun: つかさ (tsukasa), ともがら (tomogara), へや (heya)

§Compounds

軍曹

曹長

御曹司

重曹

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§Korean

§Hanja

曹 (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune-Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

§Compounds

曹溪宗 (조계종)

六曹 (육조)

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

曹 (tào)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.