岸

See also: 㟁, 𡶜, and 崖

岸 U+5CB8, 岸 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5CB8 ← 岷 [U+5CB7] CJK Unified Ideographs 岹 → [U+5CB9]

Translingual

Han character

岸 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 山一一十 (UMMJ), four-corner 2224₁, composition ⿱山厈)

References

• KangXi: page 310, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8009
• Dae Jaweon: page 610, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 766, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5CB8

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		岸
alternative forms		㟁 屽 厈 垾

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 岸
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訐	*krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝	*kaːn
竿	*kaːn
干	*kaːn
奸	*kaːn
玕	*kaːn
汗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀	*kaːn
忓	*kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱	*kaːn
邗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆	*kaːnʔ
矸	*kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠	*kaːnʔ
皯	*kaːnʔ
衦	*kaːnʔ
簳	*kaːnʔ
擀	*kaːnʔ
旰	*kaːns
盰	*kaːns
幹	*kaːns
杆	*kaːns
骭	*kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿	*kaːnʔ
趕	*kaːnʔ
稈	*kaːnʔ
刊	*kʰaːn
靬	*kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎	*kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇	*ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸	*ŋɡaːns
鼾	*qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕	*qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊	*qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊	*qʰaːnʔ
虷	*ɡaːn
旱	*ɡaːnʔ
皔	*ɡaːnʔ
釬	*ɡaːns
扞	*ɡaːns
閈	*ɡaːns
馯	*ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍	*ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍	*ɡaːns
銲	*ɡaːns
垾	*ɡaːns
駻	*ɡaːns
睅	*ɡʷranʔ
娨	*ɡraːns
飦	*kan
赶	*ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒	*qʰan
蓒	*qʰan
酐	*qʰaːŋʔ
澣	*ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋɡaːns): semantic 屵 (“cliff”) + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn) – the edge of the land.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): àn (an⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄢˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): ngon⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ngon⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): ngon⁵
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngan

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngan⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): ghan³
• Min Bei (KCR): ngāing
• Min Dong (BUC): ngiâng / ngâng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hōaⁿ / gān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngai⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): ngoe (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): ngan⁴ / ngan⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: àn
    • Zhuyin: ㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: àn
    • Wade–Giles: an⁴
    • Yale: àn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ann
    • Palladius: ань (anʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngon⁶
    • Yale: ngohn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngon⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngon⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːn²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ngon⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵑɡᵘɔn³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ngon⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɵn¹¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngan
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋan⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋan⁵³/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ghan³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɣæ̃⁴⁵/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngāing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaiŋ⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngiâng / ngâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiɑŋ²⁴²/, /ŋɑŋ²⁴²/

Note:

• ngiâng - vernacular;
• ngâng - literary.

Min Nan

• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Klang)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hōaⁿ
  • Tâi-lô: huānn
  • Phofsit Daibuun: hvoa
  • IPA (Hui'an): /huã²¹/
  • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /huã⁴¹/
  • IPA (Nan'an, Klang): /huã³¹/
  • IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huã³³/
  • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, Changtai): /huã²²/
• (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Changtai, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gān
  • Tâi-lô: gān
  • Phofsit Daibuun: gan
  • IPA (Nan'an): /ɡan³¹/
  • IPA (Zhangpu, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɡan³³/
  • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /ɡan⁴¹/
  • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, Changtai): /ɡan²²/
  • IPA (Hui'an): /ɡan²¹/

Note:

• hōaⁿ - vernacular;
• gān - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ngai⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngăi
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai³⁵/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: ngoe (T3)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋø²³/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: ngan⁴ / ngan⁵
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋan⁴⁵/, /ŋan²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋɑn^H/

Rime
Character	岸
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五旰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋanH/
Li Rong	/ŋɑnH/
Wang Li	/ŋɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	àn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngon6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤa[r]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɡaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	岸
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	àn
Middle Chinese	‹ nganH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁa[r]-s/
English	bank of a river
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	岸
Reading #	1/1
No.	3604
Phonetic component	干
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	岸
Old Chinese	/*ŋɡaːns/

Definitions

岸

1. bank; shore; coast

   海岸  ―  hǎi'àn  ―  coast

   靠岸  ―  kào'àn  ―  to approach the shore

2. high; lofty

   偉岸／伟岸  ―  wěi'àn  ―  tall and sturdy

3. stately; haughty
4. border

Compounds

• 上岸 (shàng'àn)
• 不立崖岸
• 傲岸 (ào'àn)
• 凸岸
• 北海岸
• 南岸 (nán'àn)
• 原生海岸
• 口岸 (kǒu'àn)
• 堤岸 (dī'àn)
• 岩岸
• 岸忽
• 岸然 (ànrán)
• 岸然道貌
• 崖岸 (yá'àn)
• 崖岸自高
• 彼岸 (bǐ'àn)
• 此岸
• 江岸 (jiāng'àn)
• 沙岸
• 河岸 (hé'àn)
• 沿岸 (yán'àn)
• 沿岸流
• 泊岸 (bó'àn)

• 法岸
• 海岸 (hǎi'àn)
• 海岸平原
• 海岸流
• 瑰岸
• 田岸 (chhân-hōaⁿ) (Min Nan)
• 登岸 (dēng'àn)
• 立崖岸
• 象牙海岸 (Xiàngyá Hǎi'àn)
• 起岸
• 通商口岸 (tōngshāng kǒu'àn)
• 道貌岸然 (dàomào'ànrán)
• 隔岸
• 靠岸 (kào'àn)
• 高岸
• 高岸深谷
• 魁岸
• 偉岸／伟岸 (wěi'àn)
• 免稅口岸／免税口岸
• 兩岸／两岸 (liǎng'àn)
• 到岸價格／到岸价格
• 回頭是岸／回头是岸 (huítóu shì àn)

• 夾岸／夹岸 (jiā'àn)
• 孤峰絕岸／孤峰绝岸
• 對岸／对岸 (duì'àn)
• 岸幘／岸帻
• 岸標／岸标 (ànbiāo)
• 岸獄／岸狱
• 岸邊／岸边 (ànbiān)
• 攏岸／拢岸
• 東岸／东岸 (dōng'àn)
• 東海岸／东海岸 (Dōnghǎi'àn)
• 沿岸貿易／沿岸贸易
• 海岸山脈／海岸山脉
• 海岸線／海岸线 (hǎi'ànxiàn)
• 海岸防線／海岸防线
• 海峽兩岸／海峡两岸
• 站乾岸兒／站干岸儿
• 誕登道岸／诞登道岸
• 隔岸觀火／隔岸观火 (gé'ànguānhuǒ)
• 隔岸開火／隔岸开火
• 駁岸／驳岸 (bó'àn)
• 驚濤拍岸／惊涛拍岸
• 黃金海岸／黄金海岸 (Huángjīn Hǎi'àn)

References

• (Min Nan) “Entry #3830”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

岸

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. beach

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: がん (gan, Jōyō)
• Kun: きし (kishi, 岸, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
岸
きし Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きし​ [kìshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [kʲi̥ɕi]

Noun

岸(きし) • (kishi) 

1. bank, coast, shore

Proper noun

岸(きし) • (Kishi) 

1. a surname

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
岸
がん Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• IPA^(key): [ɡã̠ɴ]

Affix

岸(がん) • (gan) 

1. bank; coast; shore

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Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 岸 (MC ŋɑn^H).

Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅡᆫ〮 (Yale: ngan) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 안 (an) (Yale: an) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

岸 (eumhun 언덕 안 (eondeok an))

1. Hanja form^? of 안 (“bank”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 연안 (沿岸, yeonan)
• 해안 (海岸, haean)
• 안벽 (岸壁, anbyeok)
• 사안 (沙岸/砂岸, saan)
• 안반 (岸畔, anban)
• 해안선 (海岸線, haeanseon)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

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Vietnamese

Han character

岸: Hán Nôm readings: ngàn, ngan, ngạn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.