pal

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See also: Pal, PAL, Pál, pał, pâl, päl, Pål, and päl-

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

pal

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Middle Persian.

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

PIE word
*bʰréh₂tēr

Borrowed from Angloromani pal (“brother, friend”), from Romani phral (“brother”), from Sanskrit भ्रातृ (bhrātṛ, “brother”). Doublet of brother and frater.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal (plural pals)

  1. (colloquial) A friend, buddy, mate, cobber; someone to hang around with.
    Little Timmy's out playing with his pals.
  2. (colloquial) An informal term of address, often used ironically in a hostile way.
    Don't you threaten me, pal – I'll report you to the police.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → Afrikaans: pêl

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

pal (third-person singular simple present pals, present participle palling, simple past and past participle palled)

  1. Be friends with, hang around with.
    John plans to pal around with Joe today.

Related terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Angloromani[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Romani phral. Cognate with English brother.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈpʰæl], [pʰæɫ]

Noun[edit]

pal

  1. brother
    Sa see pal te pen?
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  2. friend
    Every time I tried to make a pal...
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • → English: pal

References[edit]

  • “pal”, in Angloromani Dictionary, The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006, page 25
  • “pal”, in Angloromani Dictionary, The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006, page 59

Asturian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From a contraction of the preposition pa (“for”) + masculine singular article el (“the”).

Contraction[edit]

pal m

  1. for the

Cahuilla[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

Noun[edit]

pál

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Katherine Siva Sauvel; Pamela Munro (1983) Chem'ivillu' (let's speak Cahuilla)

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Catalan pal, from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal m (plural pals)

  1. stake
  2. pole
  3. (field hockey or ice hockey) stick
    Synonym: estic
  4. (heraldry) pale
  5. (colloquial) bore, drag
    és un pal ― he's a drag

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Cupeño[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa. Cognate with Cahuilla pál, Luiseño paala, Tübatulabal bal, Northern Paiute paa, Comanche paa, Hopi paahu, Classical Nahuatl atl.

Noun[edit]

pál

  1. water

References[edit]

  • Jane H. Hill (2005) A Grammar of Cupeño

Czech[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Interjection[edit]

pal!

  1. fire! (a signal to shoot)

Verb[edit]

pal

  1. second-person singular imperative of pálit

Further reading[edit]

  • pal in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • pal in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle French pal, from Latin pālus. Cognate with paal.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal m (plural pallen, diminutive palletje n)

  1. catch (mechanism which stops something from moving the wrong way)

Adverb[edit]

pal

  1. firm, firmly
  2. (with a preposition or adverb) right, immediately

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”). Compare the inherited doublet pieu.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal m (plural pals)

  1. stake
  2. pole
  3. (heraldry) pale

Further reading[edit]

Garo[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Postposition[edit]

pal

  1. (follows genitive case -ni) because, on account of

Indonesian[edit]

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈpal]
  • Hyphenation: pal

Etymology 1[edit]

From Dutch paal (“pole”), from Middle Dutch pâel, from Old Dutch pāl, from Latin pālus. Semantic loan from Dutch mijlpaal (“milestone”).

Noun[edit]

pal (first-person possessive palku, second-person possessive palmu, third-person possessive palnya)

  1. milestone, one of a series of numbered markers placed along a road at regular intervals, typically at the side of the road or in a median.
    Synonyms: batu, mil, tonggak
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal (first-person possessive palku, second-person possessive palmu, third-person possessive palnya)

  1. Nonstandard spelling of faal.

Further reading[edit]

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Participle[edit]

pal

  1. second-person singular imperative of paliś

Northern Kurdish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal ?

  1. side

Occitan[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal m (plural pals)

  1. post, pole, stake
  2. (nautical) mast

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin pālus (“stake”), possibly through a Proto-West Germanic intermediate *pāl. Compare Old High German pfāl (German Pfahl), Old Dutch pāl (Dutch paal). Doublet of pǣl, from the variant Proto-West Germanic *pāli.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pāl m

  1. stake

Declension[edit]

Declension of pal (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative pāl pālas
accusative pāl pālas
genitive pāles pāla
dative pāle pālum

Descendants[edit]

Old Frisian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from either Old Dutch pāl or Old High German pāl, from Proto-West Germanic *pāl, from Latin pālus (“stake, prop”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to attach”). Cognate to Old English pāl. Doublet of pēl.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pāl f

  1. pole

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

Pipil[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

-pal

  1. of (genitive relation, also forms genitive pronouns)
    Ne pelu ipal ne takat
    The dog of the man → The man's dog.
    Ashan ini kal mupal
    Now this house is yours
  2. for (benefactive relation)
    Tikpiat se mupal wan se nupal
    We have one for you and one for me

Usage notes[edit]

  • The relational noun -pal is part of a restricted group of relationals that can be used without a possessive marker when it accompanies an explicit complement, thus acting like a preposition:
    Ne pelu pal ne takat
    The dog of the man → The man's dog.

Declension[edit]

Declension of -pal
Person Number
singular plural
first nupal tupal
second mupal anmupal
third ipal inpal

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Latin pālus (“stake”).

Noun[edit]

pal m inan

  1. stake (piece of wood)
  2. pile (for the support of a building)
Declension[edit]
Declension of pal
singular plural
nominative pal pale
genitive pala pali
dative palowi palom
accusative pal pale
instrumental palem palami
locative palu palach
vocative palu pale

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

pal

  1. second-person singular imperative of palić

Further reading[edit]

  • pal in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • pal in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French pâle.

Adjective[edit]

pal m or n (feminine singular pală, masculine plural pali, feminine and neuter plural pale)

  1. pale

Declension[edit]

Declension of pal
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite pal pală pali pale
definite palul pala palii palele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite pal pale pali pale
definite palului palei palilor palelor

Spanish[edit]

Contraction[edit]

pal

  1. (colloquial) contraction of para (“for”) + el (“the”)

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Volapük[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pal (nominative plural pals)

  1. parent, father or mother
    Hyponyms: fat, hipal, jipal, mot

Declension[edit]

declension of pal
singular plural
nominative pal pals
genitive pala palas
dative pale pales
accusative pali palis
vocative 1 o pal! o pals!
predicative 2 palu palus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

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