鮪

See also: 鲔

鮪	U+9BAA, 鮪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAA

← 鮩
[U+9BA9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

鮫 →
[U+9BAB]

Translingual

Han character

鮪 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, Cangjie input 弓火大月 (NFKB), four-corner 2432₇, composition ⿰魚有)

kind of sturgeon,

Derived characters

𤃽

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1469, character 21
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46126
Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4685, character 9
Unihan data for U+9BAA

Chinese

trad.		鮪
simp.		鲔

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (又) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
絠	*kɯːʔ
醢	*qʰɯːʔ
珛	*qʰʷɯs
栯	ɢʷɯʔ, qʷɯ
有	*ɢʷɯʔ
友	*ɢʷɯʔ
右	ɢʷɯʔ, ɢʷɯs
宥	*ɢʷɯs
囿	ɢʷɯs, ɡʷɯ
侑	*ɢʷɯs
酭	*ɢʷɯs
姷	*ɢʷɯs
又	*ɢʷɯs
佑	*ɢʷɯs
祐	*ɢʷɯs
賄	*qʰʷɯːʔ
蛕	qʰʷɯːʔ, ɡʷɯː
烠	*ɡʷɯː
倄	ɢraːw, ɢʷɯːʔ
鮪	*ɢʷɯʔ
洧	*ɢʷɯʔ
痏	*ɢʷɯʔ
郁	*qʷɯ
戫	*qʷɯ
哊	*ɡʷɯ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wěi (wei³)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄟˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fui² / kui² / wai⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): úi

(Teochew, Peng'im): iu²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wěi
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄟˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wěi
  - Wade–Giles: wei³
  - Yale: wěi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woei
  - Palladius: вэй (vɛj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /weɪ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fui² / kui² / wai⁵
  - Yale: fúi / kúi / wáih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fui² / kui² / wai⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: fui² / kui² / wei⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯³⁵/, /kʰuːi̯³⁵/, /wɐi̯¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: úi
  - Tâi-lô: uí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uie
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ui⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /ui⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: iu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu⁵²/

Middle Chinese: hwijX

Rime
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)
Final (韻)	脂 (18)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	榮美切
Baxter	hwijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠiuɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷᵚi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦjwi^X/
Li Rong	/ɣjui^X/
Wang Li	/ɣwi^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/wi^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wěi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wai⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷrəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wěi
Middle Chinese	‹ hwij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷrəʔ/
English	sturgeon
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮪
Reading #	1/1
No.	15612
Phonetic component	又
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	洧
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/

Definitions

鮪

Chinese paddlefish or Chinese swordfish (†Psephurus gladius)
Synonym: 鱘 / 鲟 (xún)
tuna

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鮪魚 (“tuna”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鮪, 鮪魚, 金槍魚
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	鮪魚
Cantonese	Guangzhou	吞那魚, 青干
	Hong Kong	吞拿魚
	Macau	吞拿魚, 亞冬魚
Hakka	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	串仔
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	串仔
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	刀鯧
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	串仔
Southern Min	Taipei (Wanhua)	串仔魚
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	串仔
	Kaohsiung	串仔
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	串仔
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	串仔
	Yilan	串仔魚
	Changhua (Lukang)	串仔
	Taichung	串仔
	Taichung (Wuqi)	串仔魚
	Tainan	串仔魚, 串仔
	Tainan (Anping)	串仔
	Taitung	串仔
	Hsinchu	串仔魚
	Penghu (Magong)	串仔
	Penghu (Xiyu)	串仔

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

鮪

(Hyōgai kanji)

tuna

Readings

Go-on: い (i)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan-on: い (i)^{←ゐ (wi, historical)}
Kan’yō-on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
Kun: まぐろ (maguro, 鮪)、しび (shibi, 鮪)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鮪
まぐろ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Possible compounds include:

目・眼 (ma, “eye”, bound form) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to their eye color.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]
真 (ma, “true”) +‎ 黒 (kuro, “black”), in reference to the color of their back.^[1]^[2]

The kuro changes to guro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) まぐろ [màgúró] (Heiban – [0])^[3]^[5]
IPA^(key): [ma̠ɡɯ̟ɾo̞]

Noun

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

マグロ

Wikipedia ^ja

鮪(まぐろ) • (maguro)

tuna (fish of the genus Thunnus)
- マンガで分かるLisp (The Manga Guide to Lisp)
  みりん。地(ち)域(いき)猫(ねこ)。最(さい)近(きん)までマクロのことをマグロと思(おも)っていた。
  Mirin. Chīkineko. Saikin made makuro no koto o maguro to omotteita.
  Mirin: A neighbour cat. Until recently often confused macros with tuna [maguro].
Hypernym: 鯖 (saba)
(colloquial) short for 黒鮪 (kuromaguro): Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunnus orientalis)
(slang) dead fish (a sexual partner who lies flat during sex)

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as マグロ (maguro).

Derived terms

鮪(まぐ)茶(ちゃ) (magucha)
磯(イソ)鮪(マグロ) (isomaguro)
インド鮪(まぐろ) (Indo maguro)
梶(カジ)木(キ)鮪(マグロ), 旗魚(カジキ)鮪(マグロ) (kajiki maguro)
黄(キ)肌(ハダ)鮪(マグロ) (kihada maguro), 黄(き)肌(わだ)鮪(まぐろ) (kiwada maguro)
黒(クロ)鮪(マグロ) (kuromaguro)
五島(ごとう)鮪(まぐろ) (Gotō maguro)
塩(しお)鮪(まぐろ) (shiomaguro)
畜(ちく)養(よう)鮪(まぐろ) (chikuyō maguro)
葱(ねぎ)鮪(ま) (negima)
畑(ハタ)鮪(マグロ) (hatamaguro)
鬢(びん)長(なが)鮪(まぐろ) (binnaga maguro)
本(ほん)鮪(まぐろ) (honmaguro)
南(ミナミ)鮪(マグロ) (minami maguro)
めじ鮪(まぐろ) (mejimaguro)

Idioms

鮪(まぐろ)を抱(だ)いて寝(ね)たよう (maguro o daite netayō)

Descendants

→ Korean: 마구로 (maguro)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鮪
しび Hyōgai
kun'yomi

⟨sibi₁⟩ → */sibʲi/ → /ɕibi/

From Old Japanese.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(しび) • (shibi) ^{←しび (sibi)^?}

(obsolete) tuna
Synonym: めじ (meji)
- 711–712, Kojiki, poem 110:
  
  意布袁余志(おふをよし)斯毘(しび)都久阿麻余(つくあまよ)斯賀阿禮婆(しがあれば)宇良胡本斯祁牟(うらこほしけむ)斯毘(しび)都久志毘(つくしび) [Man'yōgana]
  大(おふ)魚(を)よししび突(つ)く海人(あま)よ其(し)が離(あ)ればうら恋(こ)ほしけむしび突(つ)く志(し)毘(び) [Modern spelling]
  opuwo yo₂si sibi₁ tuku ama yo₂ si ga areba ura ko₁posike₁mu sibi₁ tuku sibi₁
  O fisherman that spearest the tunny, the great fish! He being [there], thou must be sad at heart, tunny-spearing fisherman!"^[6]

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
鮪
はつ Hyōgai
irregular

Appears in the Wakan Sansai Zue (1712).

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鮪(はつ) • (hatsu) ^{←はつ (fatu)^?}

(obsolete) tuna

Derived terms

鮪(はつ)の身(み) (hatsunomi)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Samuel E. Martin (1987), The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 “マグロ／鮪／まぐろ”, in 語源由来辞典 [Gogen Yurai Jiten] (in Japanese), 2003–2026.
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2019), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kojiki (Chamberlain, 1882)/Section 165 on Wikisource.Wikisource

“^▲鮪”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

鮪 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu, Yale yu)

(다랑어) tuna, tunny