鯖

See also: 鲭

鯖 U+9BD6, 鯖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BD6 ← 鯕 [U+9BD5] CJK Unified Ideographs 鯗 → [U+9BD7]

Translingual

Han character

鯖 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+8, 19 strokes, cangjie input 弓火手一月 (NFQMB), four-corner 2532₇, composition ⿰魚青 (GHT) or ⿰魚靑 (JKV))

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1472, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46210
• Dae Jaweon: page 2004, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4694, character 3
• Unihan data for U+9BD6

Chinese

trad.		鯖
simp.		鲭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩	*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩	*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺	*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qīng (qing¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cing¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chhéng
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹chin

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cing
    • Wade–Giles: chʻing¹
    • Yale: chīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ching
    • Palladius: цин (cin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cing¹
    • Yale: chīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsing¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: qing¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
    • Tâi-lô: tsing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhéng
    • Tâi-lô: tshíng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zheang
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹chin
    • MiniDict: chin^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹qin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰin⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsheng

Rime
Character	鯖
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	倉經切
Baxter	tsheng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰeŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鯖
Reading #	2/2
No.	11365
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	靑
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/

Definitions

鯖

1. mackerel
2. ^† black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus)

Compounds

• 鯖魚／鲭鱼 (qīngyú)

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng¹
    • Yale: jēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyeng

Rime
Character	鯖
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	諸盈切
Baxter	tsyeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕiᴇŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiæŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ciajŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiɛŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭɛŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯ɛŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔljeŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鯖
Reading #	1/2
No.	11361
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	征
Old Chinese	/*ʔljeŋ/

Definitions

鯖

1. (alt. form 𦙫) stew or chowder of fish and meat

Compounds

• 五侯鯖／五侯鲭
• 侯鯖／侯鲭

 

Japanese

Kanji

鯖

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. mackerel

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: せい (sei)
• Kun: さば (saba, 鯖)

Compounds

• 胡麻(ゴマ)鯖(サバ) (gomasaba), 丸鯖(マルサバ) (marusaba, “blue mackerel (Scomber australasicus)”)
• 二(ニ)条(ジョウ)鯖(サバ) (nijō-saba, “double-lined mackerel (Grammatorcynus bilineatus)”)
• 本(ホン)鯖(サバ) (honsaba), 真(マ)鯖(サバ) (masaba, “chub mackerel”)

Etymology 1

鯖 (saba): a mackerel.

Kanji in this term
鯖
さば Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese, further etymology uncertain. Possibly cognate with 秋刀魚 (sanma, “Pacific saury”), which can be translated to "mackerel pike".

Attested in the Izumo Fudoki, completed in 733 CE.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) さば [sàbá] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ba̠]

Noun

鯖(さば) or 鯖(サバ) • (saba) 

1. mackerel, especially chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus)

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サバ.

Synonyms

• (mackerel): 青鯖(アオサバ) (aosaba)

Derived terms

• 鯖(さば)を読(よ)む (saba o yomu, “to manipulate figures”)
• 鯖(さば)折(お)り (sabaori)
• 鯖缶(さばかん) (sabakan, “canned mackerel”)
• 鯖節(さばぶし) (sababushi)
• 秋鯖(あきさば) (akisaba)
• 締(し)め鯖(さば) (shimesaba, “soused mackerel”)

Etymology 2

鯖 (saba): a server computer.

Kanji in this term
鯖
さば Hyōgaiji (ateji)
kun’yomi

Abbreviation and punning of サーバー (sābā, “server”), ultimately from English server. This kanji is an ateji (当て字).

Noun

鯖(さば) or 鯖(サバ) • (saba) 

1. (slang, computing) server

Usage notes

• The usage of this kanji is commonly used among online audiences, especially in online gaming.

Derived terms

• 鯖缶(さばかん) (sabakan, “server administrator”)
• 鯖管(さばかん) (sabakan, “server administrator”)
• 串鯖(くしさば) (kushisaba, “proxy server”)

Further reading

• “サバ／鯖／さば”, in 語源由来辞典 (Gogen Yurai Jiten, “Etymology Derivation Dictionary”) (in Japanese), 2003–2024.

Korean

鯖 : mackerel

鯡 : herring

Hanja

鯖 (eumhun 고등어 청 (godeung'eo cheong))

1. mackerel

Synonyms

• 鯖魚 (청어, cheong-eo)

See also

• 靑魚 (청어, cheong-eo) herring (鯡, 鯡魚)

Vietnamese

Han character

鯖: Hán Nôm readings: thanh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation