mackerel

English

Scomber scombrus

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmækɹəl/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ækɹəl
• Hyphenation: mack‧e‧rel

Etymology 1

From Middle English mackerell, macrell, macrelle, makarell, makerel, makerell, makerelle, makrel, makrell, makyrelle, from Old French maquerel. Further origin unknown.

Noun

mackerel (countable and uncountable, plural mackerel or mackerels)

1. Certain smaller edible fish, principally true mackerel and Spanish mackerel in family Scombridae, often speckled,
   1. typically Scomber scombrus in the British isles.
      • c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act II, scene iv]:

        […] you may buy land now as cheap as stinking mackerel.

      • 1704, [Jonathan Swift], A Tale of a Tub. […], London: […] John Nutt, […], OCLC 752990886, page 215:

        I am living fast, to see the Time, when a Book that misses its Tide, shall be neglected, as the Moon by Day, or like Mackarel a Week after the Season.

      • 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 8, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

        Philander went into the next room […] and came back with a salt mackerel that dripped brine like a rainstorm. Then he put the coffee pot on the stove and rummaged out a loaf of dry bread and some hardtack.

      • 1926, Hope Mirrlees, Lud-in-the-Mist, London: Millennium, 2000, Chapter 6, p. 68,^[1]

        He sometimes pinches the maids till their arms are as many colours as a mackerel’s back.

      • 1982, Audre Lorde, Zami: A New Spelling of My Name, Chapter 5, in Zami; Sister Outsider; Undersong, New York: Quality Paperback Book Club, 1993, p. 47,^[2]

        “ […] if you ever so much as breathe a word about my stories, Sandman’s comin’ after you the very same minute to pluck out you eyes like a mackerel for soup.”

2. A true mackerel, any fish of tribe Scombrini (Scomber spp., Rastrelliger spp.)
3. Certain other similar small fish in families Carangidae, Gempylidae, and Hexagrammidae.

Hyponyms

• (small fish in Scombridae): Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus), cero mackerel (Scomberomorus regalis), chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), common mackerel (Scomber scombrus), double-lined mackerel (Grammatorcynus bilineatus), king mackerel (Scomberomorus cavalla), Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorini)

Derived terms

• Atka mackerel (Pleurogrammus spp.)
• butterfly mackerel (Gasterochisma melampus)
• cold as a mackerel
• dead as a mackerel
• holy mackerel
• horse mackerel
• jack mackerel (Trachurus spp.)
• mackerel bird (Jynx torquilla)
• mackerel breeze
• mackerel cock (Puffinus puffinus)
• mackereler
• mackerel gale
• mackerel gull (Sterninae)
• mackerel icefish (Champsocephalus gunnari)
• mackerelled
• mackerelling
• mackerelly
• mackerel midge (Gadidae spp.)
• mackerel-pike (Scomberesocidae)
• mackerel scad (Decapterus macarellus)
• mackerel shad (Decapterus spp.)
• mackerel shark (Lamniformes)
• mackerel sky
• mackerel snapper
• mackerel tuna (Euthynnus alletteratus)
• snake mackerel (Gempylus serpens, Gempylidae spp.)
• stink like a mackerel
• throw a sprat to catch a mackerel
• tinker mackerel
• yellow mackerel (Caranx crysos)

 

Translations

edible fish

• Abenaki: makelo
• Ainu: サバ (saba)
• Arabic: إِسْقُمَرِيّ‎ m (ʾisqumariyy), مَاكْرِيل‎ m (mākrīl)

  Moroccan Arabic: كبايلا‎ (kabāyla)

• Armenian: սկումբրիա (hy) (skumbria)
• Asturian: xarda (ast)
• Basque: berdel
• Belarusian: ску́мбрыя f (skúmbryja)
• Bulgarian: ску́мрия (bg) f (skúmrija)
• Catalan: verat (ca) m, cavalla (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 鯖魚, 鲭鱼 (cing¹ jyu^4-2)

  Mandarin: 鯖魚 (zh), 鲭鱼 (zh) (qīngyú)

• Cornish: briel m
• Czech: makrela (cs) f
• Danish: makrel (da)
• Dutch: makreel (nl) m
• Esperanto: skombro
• Estonian: makrell
• Faroese: makrelur m
• Finnish: makrilli (fi)
• French: maquereau (fr) m
• Galician: xarda (gl) f, macareu m, rinchón (gl) m, correolo (gl) m, pínfano (gl) m, torniño m, torno m
• German: Makrele (de) f
• Greek: σκουμπρί (el) n (skoumprí)

  Ancient: σκόμβρος m (skómbros)

• Greenlandic: avaleraasartooq, makreli
• Hebrew: מקרל‎ m (makarél)
• Hungarian: makréla (hu)
• Icelandic: makríll (is) m
• Ido: makrelo (io)
• Indonesian: tenggiri (id), kembung (id)
• Irish: ronnach (ga) m, murlas m, maicréal m
• Italian: sgombro (it) m, sgombero (it) m

• Japanese: 鯖 (ja) (さば, saba), サバ (ja) (saba)
• Kazakh: скумбрия (skumbriä)
• Korean: 고등어 (ko) (godeung'eo)
• Latin: scomber m
• Latvian: skumbrija, makrele
• Lithuanian: skumbrė
• Luxembourgish: Makréil f
• Malay: tenggiri
• Malayalam: അയല (ml) (ayala)
• Manchu: ᡶᡠᠰᡝᠯᡳ (fuseli)
• Manx: breck marrey m
• Maori: tawatawa, tewetewe
• Norman: maqu'sé m (Jersey), maqu'thé m (Jersey)
• Northern Sami: please add this translation if you can
• Norwegian: makrell
• Occitan: vairat (oc) m
• Persian: اسقومری‎ (fa) (esqumri), خالمخالی‎ (xālmaxāli)
• Polish: makrela (pl) f
• Portuguese: cavala (pt) f
• Romanian: macrou (ro) n
• Russian: ску́мбрия (ru) f (skúmbrija), макре́ль (ru) f (makrélʹ)
• Scottish Gaelic: rionnach
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ску̏ша f

  Roman: skȕša (sh) f

• Sicilian: scòmmiru, sgrommu
• Slovak: makrela f
• Slovene: skuša (sl) f
• Spanish: caballa (es) f
• Swedish: makrill (sv) c
• Telugu: please add this translation if you can
• Turkish: uskumru (tr)
• Ukrainian: ску́мбрія f (skúmbrija)
• Vietnamese: cá thu (vi)
• Welsh: macrell (cy) m

See also

• scombral
• scombroid
• tuna

References

• mackerel on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Scombridae on Wikispecies.Wikispecies
• Scombridae on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

Etymology 2

From Middle English makerel, maquerel, from Old French maquerel, from Middle Dutch makelare, makelaer (“broker”) (> makelaar (“broker, peddler”)). See also French maquereau.

Noun

mackerel (plural mackerels)

1. (obsolete) A pimp; also, a bawd.
   • 1483, William Caxton, Magnus Cato, quoted in James Orchard Halliwell-Phillipps, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century, vol. 2, publ. by John Russell Smith (1847), page 536.

     […] nyghe his hows dwellyd a maquerel or bawde […]

   • 1980, The Police Journal, Volume 53 (page 257) doi:10.1177/0032258X8005300305 (also available at Google books)

     NETTING MACKEREL: THE PIMP DETAIL

   • 1981, Peter Gammond, Raymond Horricks, Big Bands, page 15:

     Hundreds of ‘night birds’ and their ‘mackerels’ and other vice-pushers were sent packing.

   • 2006, Paul Crowley, Message-ID: <ciGug.11527$j7.319767@news.indigo.ie> in humanities.lit.authors.shakespeare [3]

     A procurer or a pimp is a broker (or broker-between), a mackerel, or a pandar; the last is not necessarily-and, indeed, not usually-a professional.

   • 2009, Jeffery Klaehn, Roadblocks to Equality, →ISBN, (page 118) [4]

     You can't 'work' in a legal brothel without mackerel.

   • 2012, J. Robert Janes, Mayhem, →ISBN, [5]

     Perhaps, but my sources think the mackerel knew of this girl but she didn't know of him.