笙

笙 U+7B19, 笙 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B19 ← 笘 [U+7B18] CJK Unified Ideographs 笚 → [U+7B1A]

Translingual

Han character

笙 (radical 118 竹+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹手一 (HHQM), four-corner 8810₄, composition ⿱⺮生)

1. a sheng; a hand-held free-reed mouth organ made from a dried gourd and 13 or more bamboo pipes

References

• KangXi: page 879, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25913
• Dae Jaweon: page 1307, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 2955, character 6
• Unihan data for U+7B19

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		笙

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
猜	*sʰlɯː
輤	*sʰleːns
綪	*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩	*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈	*sʰleːns
蒨	*sʰeːns
篟	*sʰeːns
生	*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲	*sreŋ
笙	*sreŋ
甥	*sreŋ
鉎	*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄	*sreŋ
鼪	*sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩	*sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌	*sreŋ
眚	*sreŋʔ
貹	*sreŋs
崝	*zreːŋ
精	*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁	*ʔsleŋ
鶄	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱	*ʔsleŋ
婧	*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛	*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐	*ʔsleŋ
聙	*ʔsleŋ
旌	*ʔsleŋ
清	*sʰleŋ
圊	*sʰleŋ
請	*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊	*sʰleŋs
䝼	*zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚	*zleŋs
情	*zleŋ
晴	*zleŋ
夝	*zleŋ
靜	*zleŋʔ
靖	*zleŋʔ
睲	*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺	*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性	*sleŋs
姓	*sleŋs
靗	*l̥ʰeŋs
鯖	*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青	*sʰleːŋ
靘	*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅	*sʰleːŋs
胜	*sleːŋ
曐	*sleːŋ
星	*sleːŋ
鮏	*sleːŋ
腥	*seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹	*seːŋ
醒	*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂	*seːŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shēng (sheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saang¹, sang¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sên
• Min Nan (POJ): sng / seng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: shēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ
    • Wade-Giles: shêng¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sheng
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: saang¹, sang¹
    • Yale: sāang, sāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saang¹, sang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sang¹, seng¹
    • IPA ^(key): /sɑːŋ⁵⁵/, /sɐŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sên
    • Hakka Romanization System: sen´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sen¹
    • IPA: /sen²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng
    • Tâi-lô: sng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sngf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng
    • Tâi-lô: sing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sefng
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʃˠæŋ/▼

Rime
Character	笙
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	所庚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/ʃɐŋ/
Wang Li	/ʃɐŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*sreŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	笙
Reading #	1/1
No.	11314
Phonetic component	生
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	生
Old Chinese	/*sreŋ/

Definitions

笙

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

See also

• 樦 (zhù)

Compounds

• 玉帛笙歌
• 笙歌
• 笙歌匝地
• 笙歌鼎沸

• 笙磬同音
• 笙簧 (shēnghuáng)
• 笙詩／笙诗
• 芦笙

• 葫蘆笙／葫芦笙 (húlúshēng)
• 蘆笙／芦笙 (lúshēng)
• 鳳笙／凤笙

References

• (Cantonese) Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

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Japanese

Chinese shēng (L) & Japanese shō (R)

Kanji

笙

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

• Goon: しょう (shō), (historical) しゃう (shau)
• Kan’on: そう (sō), (historical) さう (sau)
• Kan’yōon: せい (sei)
• Kun: ふえ (fue)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
笙
しょう Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 笙 (/*shræng/ ). Goon, so likely the original reading as first borrowed from Middle Chinese. Compare modern Mandarin 笙 (shēng).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) しょ​う [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Noun

笙 (hiragana しょう, rōmaji shō, historical hiragana しゃう)

1. (music) the sho

   A free-reed woodwind musical instrument consisting of a mouthpiece and seventeen pipes, each similar to an organ pipe. Developed from the Chinese shēng that was introduced to Japan during the Nara Period. Traditionally used to provide accompaniment in gagaku (traditional Japanese court music), and now also used in some contemporary music.

Synonyms

• 鳳管 (ほうかん) (hōkan)

Derived terms

• 笙 (しょう)の笛 (ふえ) (shō no fue): a type of simplified sho used as a toy
• 笙歌 (しょうか) (shōka), 笙歌 (せいか) (seika): singing to a sho accompaniment; to sing to a sho accompaniment; a song sung to a sho accompaniment
• 笙岩屋 (しょうのいわや) (Shō no Iwaya), 笙窟 (しょうのいわや) (Shō no Iwaya): a cave and pilgrimage destination in central Nara Prefecture
• 鳳笙 (ほうしょう) (hōshō): sho
• 蘆笙 (ろしょう) (roshō)

See also

• Gagaku on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
笙
そう Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 笙. Kan'on, so likely an historically later reading. Compare modern Cantonese 笙 (saang¹, sang¹). Seen in The Tale of Genji.

This reading is obsolete in modern Japanese.

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • IPA^(key): [so̞ː]

Noun

笙 (hiragana そう, rōmaji sō, historical hiragana さう)

1. (obsolete) the sho

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Korean

Hanja

笙 • (saeng) (hangeul 생, revised saeng, McCune-Reischauer saeng, Yale sayng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 笙簧

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Vietnamese

Han character

笙 (sanh)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.