Translingual[edit]
Stroke order
|
|
Han character[edit]
醒 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 16614, composition ⿰酉星)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1285, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936
- Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3590, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9192
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
|
Old Chinese
|
猜
|
*sʰlɯː
|
輤
|
*sʰleːns
|
綪
|
*sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
|
倩
|
*sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
|
棈
|
*sʰleːns
|
蒨
|
*sʰeːns
|
篟
|
*sʰeːns
|
生
|
*sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
|
牲
|
*sreŋ
|
笙
|
*sreŋ
|
甥
|
*sreŋ
|
鉎
|
*sreŋ, *sleːŋ
|
珄
|
*sreŋ
|
鼪
|
*sreŋ, *sreŋs
|
猩
|
*sreŋ, *seːŋ
|
狌
|
*sreŋ
|
眚
|
*sreŋʔ
|
貹
|
*sreŋs
|
崝
|
*zreːŋ
|
精
|
*ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
|
菁
|
*ʔsleŋ
|
鶄
|
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
|
蜻
|
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
|
鼱
|
*ʔsleŋ
|
婧
|
*ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
|
睛
|
*ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
|
箐
|
*ʔsleŋ
|
聙
|
*ʔsleŋ
|
旌
|
*ʔsleŋ
|
清
|
*sʰleŋ
|
圊
|
*sʰleŋ
|
請
|
*sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
|
凊
|
*sʰleŋs
|
䝼
|
*zleŋs, *zleŋ
|
靚
|
*zleŋs
|
情
|
*zleŋ
|
晴
|
*zleŋ
|
夝
|
*zleŋ
|
靜
|
*zleŋʔ
|
靖
|
*zleŋʔ
|
睲
|
*seŋʔ, *seːŋs
|
惺
|
*seŋʔ, *seːŋ
|
性
|
*sleŋs
|
姓
|
*sleŋs
|
靗
|
*l̥ʰeŋs
|
鯖
|
*ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
|
青
|
*sʰleːŋ
|
靘
|
*sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
|
掅
|
*sʰleːŋs
|
胜
|
*sleːŋ
|
曐
|
*sleːŋ
|
星
|
*sleːŋ
|
鮏
|
*sleːŋ
|
腥
|
*seːŋ, *seːŋs
|
鯹
|
*seːŋ
|
醒
|
*seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
|
篂
|
*seːŋ
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs): semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).
Etymology[edit]
Cognate with 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: seng2, sing2, sing1
- Yale: séng, síng, sīng
- Cantonese Pinyin: seng2, sing2, sing1
- Guangdong Romanization: séng2, xing2, xing1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɛːŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ³⁵/, /sɪŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
- seng2 - vernacular (“to awaken”);
- sing2 - literary (including “clever”);
- sing1 - literary, used only in poetry.
Hakka
Min Dong
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular;
- séng - literary.
Rime
|
Character
|
醒
|
醒
|
醒
|
Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
Initial (聲)
|
心 (16)
|
心 (16)
|
心 (16)
|
Final (韻)
|
青 (125)
|
青 (125)
|
青 (125)
|
Tone (調)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Rising (X)
|
Departing (H)
|
Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
Open
|
Division (等)
|
IV
|
IV
|
IV
|
Fanqie
|
桑經切
|
蘇挺切
|
蘇佞切
|
Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang Shangfang
|
/seŋ/
|
/seŋX/
|
/seŋH/
|
Pan Wuyun
|
/seŋ/
|
/seŋX/
|
/seŋH/
|
Shao Rongfen
|
/sɛŋ/
|
/sɛŋX/
|
/sɛŋH/
|
Edwin Pulleyblank
|
/sɛjŋ/
|
/sɛjŋX/
|
/sɛjŋH/
|
Li Rong
|
/seŋ/
|
/seŋX/
|
/seŋH/
|
Wang Li
|
/sieŋ/
|
/sieŋX/
|
/sieŋH/
|
Bernard Karlgren
|
/sieŋ/
|
/sieŋX/
|
/sieŋH/
|
Expected Mandarin Reflex
|
xīng
|
xǐng
|
xìng
|
Expected Cantonese Reflex
|
sing1
|
sing2
|
sing3
|
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
Character
|
醒
|
Reading #
|
1/1
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
xǐng
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ sengX ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*s-tsʰˁeŋʔ/
|
English
|
wake up
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
醒
|
醒
|
醒
|
Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
No.
|
11377
|
11380
|
11382
|
Phonetic component
|
生
|
生
|
生
|
Rime group
|
耕
|
耕
|
耕
|
Rime subdivision
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
星
|
醒
|
腥
|
Old Chinese
|
/*seːŋ/
|
/*seːŋʔ/
|
/*seːŋs/
|
Definitions[edit]
醒
- to sober up
- to awaken; to wake up
- to be awake
- to realize; to become aware of
- to decant (wine, etc.)
- (Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Classical Chinese
|
聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧
|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
聰明
|
Taiwan
|
聰明
|
Jinan
|
聰明
|
Xi'an
|
靈, 靈醒
|
Wuhan
|
聰明
|
Chengdu
|
精靈, 聰明
|
Guilin
|
聰明
|
Yangzhou
|
聰明
|
Hefei
|
聰明
|
Malaysia
|
聰明
|
Singapore
|
聰明
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
|
Hong Kong
|
聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
|
Taishan
|
聰明, 叻, 參
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
叻
|
Yangjiang
|
伶俐, 叻
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
精, 扮𠮨
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
精, 叻, 醒目
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
精靈, 聰明
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
聰明, 機靈
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
聰明
|
Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian)
|
聰明
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu)
|
聰明
|
Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu)
|
聰明, 精
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping)
|
聰明, 精
|
Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an)
|
聰明
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
將
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
機靈, 聰明
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
聰明
|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
聰明
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
聰明
|
Quanzhou
|
聰明, 骨鳥 derogatory
|
Zhangzhou
|
聰明
|
Taipei
|
聰明, 巧, 明白
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
聰明, 𠢕, 勥
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
巧, 𠢕
|
Chaozhou
|
聰明
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
聰明
|
Wenchang
|
精
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
精
|
Wu
|
Suzhou
|
聰明
|
Ningbo
|
聰明
|
Wenzhou
|
靈, 聰明
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
靈泛, 聰明
|
Shuangfeng
|
聰明
|
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
醒
(common “Jōyō” kanji)
- to wake up
- to become sober, to be disillusioned
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
醒 (eumhun 깰 성 (kkael seong))
- Hanja form? of 성 (“waking up; being sober”).
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
醒: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.