醒

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醒 U+9192, 醒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9192
← 醑
[U+9191] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 醓 →
[U+9193]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
16 strokes

Han character[edit]

醒 (radical 164, 酉+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一田日竹一 (MWAHM), four-corner 16614, composition ⿰酉星)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1285, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39936
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1785, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3590, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+9192

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 醒

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
猜 *sʰlɯː
輤 *sʰleːns
綪 *sʰleːns, *ʔsreːŋ
倩 *sʰleːns, *sʰleŋs
棈 *sʰleːns
蒨 *sʰeːns
篟 *sʰeːns
生 *sʰleːŋ, *sreŋs
牲 *sreŋ
笙 *sreŋ
甥 *sreŋ
鉎 *sreŋ, *sleːŋ
珄 *sreŋ
鼪 *sreŋ, *sreŋs
猩 *sreŋ, *seːŋ
狌 *sreŋ
眚 *sreŋʔ
貹 *sreŋs
崝 *zreːŋ
精 *ʔsleŋ, *ʔsleŋs
菁 *ʔsleŋ
鶄 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
蜻 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleːŋ
鼱 *ʔsleŋ
婧 *ʔsleŋ, *zleŋs, *zleŋʔ
睛 *ʔsleŋ, *sʰleŋʔ
箐 *ʔsleŋ
聙 *ʔsleŋ
旌 *ʔsleŋ
清 *sʰleŋ
圊 *sʰleŋ
請 *sʰleŋʔ, *zleŋs, *zleŋ
凊 *sʰleŋs
䝼 *zleŋs, *zleŋ
靚 *zleŋs
情 *zleŋ
晴 *zleŋ
夝 *zleŋ
靜 *zleŋʔ
靖 *zleŋʔ
睲 *seŋʔ, *seːŋs
惺 *seŋʔ, *seːŋ
性 *sleŋs
姓 *sleŋs
靗 *l̥ʰeŋs
鯖 *ʔljeŋ, *sʰleːŋ
青 *sʰleːŋ
靘 *sʰleːŋ, *sʰleːŋs
掅 *sʰleːŋs
胜 *sleːŋ
曐 *sleːŋ
星 *sleːŋ
鮏 *sleːŋ
腥 *seːŋ, *seːŋs
鯹 *seːŋ
醒 *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs
篂 *seːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *seːŋ, *seːŋʔ, *seːŋs): semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + phonetic 星 (OC *sleːŋ).

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with 清 (OC *sʰleŋ, “clear”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • seng2 - vernacular (“to awaken”);
  • sing2 - literary (including “clever”);
  • sing1 - literary, used only in poetry.
  • Hakka
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • chhíⁿ/chhéⁿ - vernacular;
    • séng - literary.
    Rime
    Character 醒 醒 醒
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    Initial (聲) 心 (16) 心 (16) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 青 (125) 青 (125) 青 (125)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open Open
    Division (等) IV IV IV
    Fanqie 桑經切 蘇挺切 蘇佞切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/sɛŋ/ /sɛŋX/ /sɛŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/sɛjŋ/ /sɛjŋX/ /sɛjŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/seŋ/ /seŋX/ /seŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sieŋ/ /sieŋX/ /sieŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/sieŋ/ /sieŋX/ /sieŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xīng xǐng xìng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sing1 sing2 sing3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 醒
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xǐng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sengX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*s-tsʰˁeŋʔ/
    English wake up

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 醒 醒 醒
    Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
    No. 11377 11380 11382
    Phonetic
    component         		生 生 生
    Rime
    group         		耕 耕 耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		星 醒 腥
    Old
    Chinese         		/*seːŋ/ /*seːŋʔ/ /*seːŋs/

    Definitions[edit]

    醒

    1. to sober up
    2. to awaken; to wake up
    3. to be awake
    4. to decant (wine, etc.)
    5. (Cantonese) clever; intelligent; sharp

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 聰明 (“clever; intelligent; smart; bright”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 聰明, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聰明, 機靈, 伶俐, 聰敏, 聰穎, 聰慧
    Mandarin Beijing 聰明
    Taiwan 聰明
    Jinan 聰明
    Xi'an 靈, 靈醒
    Wuhan 聰明
    Chengdu 精靈, 聰明
    Yangzhou 聰明
    Hefei 聰明
    Cantonese Guangzhou 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
    Hong Kong 聰明, 醒, 醒目, 叻, 精
    Taishan 聰明, 叻, 參
    Kaiping (Chikan) 叻
    Yangjiang 伶俐, 叻
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 精, 扮𠮨
    Singapore (Guangfu) 精, 叻, 醒目
    Gan Nanchang 精靈, 聰明
    Hakka Meixian 聰明, 機靈
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聰明
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 聰明
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 聰明
    Dongshi (Dabu) 聰明, 精
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 聰明, 精
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 聰明
    Jin Taiyuan 機靈, 聰明
    Min Bei Jian'ou 聰明
    Min Dong Fuzhou 聰明
    Min Nan Xiamen 聰明
    Quanzhou 聰明, 骨鳥 derogatory
    Zhangzhou 聰明
    Taipei 聰明, 巧, 明白
    Singapore (Hokkien) 聰明
    Manila (Hokkien) 巧, 𠢕
    Chaozhou 聰明
    Singapore (Teochew) 聰明
    Wenchang 精
    Singapore (Hainanese) 精
    Wu Suzhou 聰明
    Wenzhou 靈, 聰明
    Xiang Changsha 靈泛, 聰明
    Shuangfeng 聰明

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (醒):
    • → Vietnamese: tỉnh (醒)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    醒

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. to wake up
    2. to become sober, to be disillusioned

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    醒 (eumhun 깰 성 (kkael seong))

    1. Hanja form? of 성 (“waking up; being sober”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    醒: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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