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See also: and
U+4E3C, 丼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E3C

[U+4E3B]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E3D]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 3, +4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿戈 (TTI), four-corner 55000, composition )

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 81, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 101
  • Dae Jaweon: page 164, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 45, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E3C

Chinese[edit]

Wikipedia has articles on:
  • (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • (Cantonese)

Glyph origin[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.

Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (5)
Final () (159)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tomX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʌmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/təmX/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɒmX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/təmX/
Li
Rong
/tᴀmX/
Wang
Li
/tɒmX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tămX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
daam2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2041
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kl'oːmʔ/
Notes 𣿅

Definitions[edit]

  1. (onomatopoeia, obsolete) sound of tossing something into a well.
  2. a surname.

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“well; well-shaped object; mineshaft, pit; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

Etymology 3[edit]

simp. and trad.

Borrowed from Japanese (どん) (don).

Pronunciation[edit]


Definitions[edit]

  1. donburi
Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
(donburi): a large donburi bowl.
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
(donburi, don): a serving of gyūdon or beef donburi.
(donburi, don): a serving of tendon or tempura donburi.
(donburi, don): a serving of oyakodon or chicken and egg donburi.
Kanji in this term
どんぶり
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Multiple possible derivations.

  • During the Edo period, restaurants specializing in large portions were called 慳貪屋 (kendon'ya), from 慳貪 (kendon, greedy, in reference to “very hungry”) + (ya, house, store, restaurant). The serving bowls were called 慳貪振り (kendon-buri-bachi), literally “greedy” + “in that fashion” + “bowl”. The ken portion was elided, producing donburi-bachi, and then the -hachi was dropped to produce donburi.
  • Alternatively, and perhaps more likely, donburi in reference to “a bowl filled with large amount of food” may be cognate with どんぶり (donburi), an onomatopoeia of something heavy plunking into deep water, or something big and soft plopping down, related to onomatopoeia どぶり (doburi), どぶん (dobun), どんぶ (donbu), and どん (don), all of generally similar meanings. The food starts with a large portion of rice, also referred to as 丼飯 (donburi meshi), which could be analyzed as “plopped-down rice”.
Donburi is also used to refer to something “rough, approximate, not finely worked”, as in the phrase 丼勘定 (donburi kanjō, rough approximation, loose estimate). This is consistent with a derivation from the onomatopoeia, but not from the restaurant terms.

The kanji spelling shows (a well) with a dot in the center, possibly indicating something thrown into the well. This could suggest that the Middle Chinese reading təmX may similarly derive from onomatopoeia.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(どんぶり) (donburi

  1. a simple large bowl for serving food
  2. a one-bowl meal served in a donburi bowl, consisting of a large portion of rice, covered in a meat or fish
Usage notes[edit]

To disambiguate, speakers may refer more specifically to donburibachi for the bowl, and donburi mono for the food.

English-language sources often refer to the food as similar to stew served over rice. Note, however, that stews consist of meat, fish, and/or vegetables cooked in a liquid and served with the sauce, whereas donburi toppings may be relatively dry, as in tempura donburi or beef donburi, or even uncooked, as in tekkadon (tuna sashimi donburi).

Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
どん
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Abbreviation of donburi above.[4][1]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • When used as a suffix, the resulting term has a 平板型 (heiban-gata, flat type) or type 0 pitch accent pattern.

Noun[edit]

(どん) (don

  1. donburi: a one-bowl meal consisting of a large portion of rice, covered in a meat or fish
Usage notes[edit]

Seldom used as an independent noun. More commonly encountered as a suffix.

Suffix[edit]

(どん) (-don

  1. donburi: a one-bowl meal consisting of a large portion of rice, covered in a meat or fish
Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  4. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

(eum (jeong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: tỉnh, đảm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.