ton

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Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

ton

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Tongan.

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
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Etymology 1[edit]

Variant of tun (cask), influenced by Old French tonne (ton).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /tʌn/
  • (file)
  • (file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌn

Noun[edit]

ton (plural tons)

  1. Any of various units of mass, (historical) originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly
    1. The short ton of 2000 pounds (about 907 kg), 20 hundredweights of 100 pounds avoirdupois each.
    2. The long ton of 2240 pounds (about 1016 kg), 20 hundredweights of 112 pounds avoirdupois each.
    3. The metric ton of 1000 kilograms, 10 quintals of 100 kilograms each.
    Synonyms: tonne, metric ton, megagram
  2. Any of various units of volume, (historical) originally notionally equal to the contents of a tun, particularly
    1. The measurement ton of (US) 40 or (UK) 42 cubic feet (about 1.1 or 1.2 ).
    2. The register ton of 100 cubic feet (about 2.83 ).
  3. (figuratively) Any large, excessive, or overwhelming amount of anything.
    I’ve got a ton of work to do.
    I've got tons of work to do.
  4. (HVAC) A unit of thermal power equal to 12,000 BTU/h (about 3.5 kW), approximating the idealized rate of cooling provided by uniform isothermal melting of 1 short ton of ice per day at 0°C.
  5. (slang, chiefly UK) Synonym of hundred, particularly
    1. 100 pounds sterling.
    2. (darts, snooker, etc.) 100 points.
    3. (cricket) 100 runs.
    4. A speed of 100 mph.
      • 1970, Mungo Jerry (lyrics and music), “In The Summertime”, in In The Summertime:
        Speed along the lane / Do a ton or a ton and twenty-five
      • 2008, Damon Beesley, Iain Morris, “Caravan Club”, in The Inbetweeners, Series 1, Episode 5, E4:
        Neil: How fast can this thing go then, do you reckon?
        Simon: Well, it's the special edition, so I reckon it could probably top a ton.
        Neil: Bollocks!
      • 2021 October 6, Greg Morse, “A need for speed and the drive for 125”, in RAIL, number 941, page 50:
        The HSDT team, however, had some work to do, although by the end of 1972 the power car interior had been adjusted and BR had agreed to 'double-manning' with extra pay when speeds topped the ton.
Synonyms[edit]
  • (traditional unit of mass equivalent to a tun): tonelada (Spanish and Portuguese contexts)
  • (any hyperbolically or oppressively large amount): See Thesaurus:lot
  • (slang for 100 points in darts &c.): tonne
  • (slang for 100 cricket runs): century
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Tokelauan: tone, tane
Translations[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from French ton (manner), from Latin tonus. Doublet of tone, tune, and tonus.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (UK) IPA(key): /tɔ̃/, /tɒn/
  • (file)
  • (file)

Noun[edit]

ton (uncountable)

  1. Fashion, the current style, the vogue.
  2. Fashionable society; those in style.
    • 1790, Amelia Opie, chapter 13, in Dangers of Coquetry, volume I:
      [S]he thought herself incapable of being flattered by the attentions of a man she despised, because he was the reigning idol of the ton [] .
    • 1823 December 17, [Lord Byron], Don Juan. Cantos XII.—XIII.—and XIV., London: [] [C. H. Reynell] for John Hunt, [], →OCLC, canto XIII, (please specify the stanza number):
      The party might consist of thirty three Of highest caste—the Brahmins of the ton.
    • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 30, in The History of Pendennis. [], volume I, London: Bradbury and Evans, [], published 1849, →OCLC:
      Pen was somewhat older than many of his fellow-students, and there was that about his style and appearance, which, as we have said, was rather haughty and impertinent, that stamped him as a man of ton—very unlike those pale students who were talking law to one another, and those ferocious dandies, in rowing shirts and astonishing pins and waistcoats, who represented the idle part of the little community.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton (plural tons)

  1. Synonym of tunny, particularly the common tunny or horse mackerel.

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Antillean Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French thon.

Noun[edit]

ton

  1. tuna

Catalan[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Old Catalan ton, from Vulgar Latin *tum, reduced form of Latin tuum, from Proto-Italic *towos. Compare Occitan and French ton.

In unstressed position in Vulgar Latin tuum, tuam etc. were monosyllabic and regularly became ton, ta etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and became teu, tua > teua etc.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

ton m (feminine ta, masculine plural tos, feminine plural tes)

  1. your (singular)
Usage notes[edit]
  • The use of ton and the other possessive determiners is mostly archaic in the majority of dialects, with articulated possessive pronouns (e.g. el meu) mostly being used in their stead. However, mon, ton, and son are still widely used before certain nouns referring to family members and some affective nouns, such as amic, casa, and vida. Which nouns actually find use with the possessive determiners depends greatly on the locale.

The standard masculine plural form is tos, but tons can be found in some dialects.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “ton” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ton

  1. inflection of tondre:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Chuukese[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton

  1. torch

Crimean Tatar[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton (accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])

  1. fur coat

Derived terms[edit]

Danish[edit]

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Etymology[edit]

From English ton, variant of tun (cask).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton c or n (singular definite tonnet or tonnen, plural indefinite ton or tons, abbreviation t)

  1. ton (unit of weight)

See also[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch tonne, from Medieval Latin tunna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton f (plural tonnen, diminutive tonnetje n)

  1. barrel
  2. ton (1000 kilograms)
  3. 100,000 of some monetary unit, particularly guilders
    Dat zou zeker een ton kosten.
    Dat zou zeker een ton euro kosten.
    140.000 euro is bijna drie ton gulden
  4. A large amount.
    Hij leende tonnen met geld. - He borrowed large amounts of money.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ton

  1. (colloquial) genitive singular of toi
  2. (colloquial) accusative singular of toi

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Inherited from Old French ton, tos, from Latin tuus.

Determiner[edit]

ton m (feminine ta, plural tes)

  1. (possessive) your
    Tu as pensé à prendre ton livre ?
    Did you remember to bring your book?
    Ton écriture est jolie.
    Your writing is pretty.
    J’aime beaucoup ton manteau.
    I really like your coat.
Usage notes[edit]

Ton is used before all singular nouns beginning with a vowel or a mute H, even those that are feminine. However, ta is used with singular feminine nouns beginning with an aspirated H.

Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine
Possessor Singular First person mon1 ma mes
Second person ton1 ta tes
Third person son1 sa ses
Plural First person notre nos
Second person votre2 vos2
Third person leur leurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from Latin tonus. Doublet of tonus, a later borrowing.

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural tons)

  1. tone (sound of a particular frequency)
  2. (music) tone (interval)
    Il y a un ton entre do et
    Doh and ray are separated by one tone.
  3. tone (manner of speaking)
    Je n’aime pas le ton sur lequel tu me parles!
    I don’t like your tone! (I don’t like the way you are talking to me!)
  4. tone, shade (of colour)
    Différents tons de rouge.
    Several shades of red.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Turkish: ton

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Friulian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos). Compare Italian tuono, Romansch tun, tung, Dalmatian tun, Romanian tun.

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural tons)

  1. thunder
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Latin thunnus, from Ancient Greek θύννος (thúnnos). Compare Italian tonno.

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural tons)

  1. tuna

Etymology 3[edit]

Ultimately borrowed from Latin tonus. Compare French ton, Italian tono.

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural tons)

  1. tone

Fula[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • (Pulaar) to

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

Adverb[edit]

ton

  1. (Pular) there, over there
    Hammadi Sammba ko leydi Funnaange iwi. Wolarɓe Labe ɓen kadi ko ton iwi.
    Hammadi Samba came from a region situated in the East. The Wolarɓe of Labe also came from over there.

Usage notes[edit]

References[edit]

Haitian Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From French thon.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton

  1. tuna

Hausa[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from English ton.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tôn m

  1. ton (unit of weight)

Indonesian[edit]

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈtɔn]
  • Hyphenation: ton

Etymology 1[edit]

From Dutch ton, from Middle Dutch tonne, from Old French [Term?], from Latin tunna, tonna, itself from a Celtic word cognate to Irish tonn (skin).

Noun[edit]

ton (first-person possessive tonku, second-person possessive tonmu, third-person possessive tonnya)

  1. ton:
    1. tonne, metric ton: a unit of weight (mass) equal to 1000 kilograms.
    2. register ton, a unit of a ship's capacity equal to 100 cubic feet or 2.83 m3.
    3. long ton, weight ton: the avoirdupois or Imperial ton of 2,240 pounds (1,016.0469 kg).
    4. displacement ton
  2. (colloquial) A thousand rupiah.
Alternative forms[edit]
  • tan (Standard Malay)
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Dutch toon, from Middle Dutch toon, ultimately from Latin tonus.

Noun[edit]

ton (first-person possessive tonku, second-person possessive tonmu, third-person possessive tonnya)

  1. alternative form of tona (tone)

Further reading[edit]

Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

ton m (genitive singular toin, nominative plural toin)

  1. (biology, literature, music) tone

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
ton thon dton
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Jamaican Creole[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Derived from English turn.

Verb[edit]

ton

  1. to turn
    • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Luuk 23:28:
      Jiizas ton roun an se tu dem []
      Jesus turning unto them said []

Further reading[edit]

  • ton at majstro.com

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ton

  1. Rōmaji transcription of とん

Middle English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old English tān; equivalent to to +‎ -en (plural suffix).

Noun[edit]

ton

  1. plural of to (toe)

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • toun (Anglo-Norman)
  • tun (Anglo-Norman)

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tuus, tuum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Determiner[edit]

ton m (feminine ta, plural tes)

  1. your (second-person singular possessive)

Descendants[edit]

Old Javanese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Unknown. Cognate of Indonesian tonton.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ton

  1. to see
  2. to look

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • "ton" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Old Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin thunnus.

Noun[edit]

ton m (oblique plural tons, nominative singular tons, nominative plural ton)

  1. tuna (fish)

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos), from Proto-Hellenic *tónos, from Proto-Indo-European *tónos, from *ten-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton m inan

  1. (linguistics, music) tone
    Synonyms: barwa, brzmienie, zabarwienie

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

adjectives
adverbs
nouns
verbs

Further reading[edit]

  • ton in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • ton in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from French thon.

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural toni)

  1. tuna
Declension[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from French ton, from Latin tonus. Doublet of tun.

Noun[edit]

ton n (plural tonuri)

  1. tone
Declension[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tȏn m (Cyrillic spelling то̑н)

  1. tone

Declension[edit]

Skolt Sami[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Samic *tonë.

Pronoun[edit]

ton

  1. you (singular)

Inflection[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈton/ [ˈt̪õn]
  • Rhymes: -on
  • Syllabification: ton

Noun[edit]

ton m (uncountable)

  1. Clipping of tono.

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English ton.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton n

  1. tonne
Declension[edit]
Declension of ton 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ton tonnet ton tonnen
Genitive tons tonnets tons tonnens
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Latin tonus.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton c

  1. tone (sound of a particular frequency)
  2. (music) tone (interval)
  3. tone (behaviour)
    att hålla god tonto talk politely (e.g. in a debate)
  4. tone, shade (of colour)
Declension[edit]
Declension of ton 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ton tonen toner tonerna
Genitive tons tonens toners tonernas
Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Ter Sami[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Samic *tonë.

Pronoun[edit]

ton

  1. you (singular)

Further reading[edit]

  • Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Ternate[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton

  1. Alternative form of toni (flying fish)

References[edit]

  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from French ton.

Noun[edit]

ton (definite accusative tonu, plural tonlar)

  1. tone (all senses)

Etymology 2[edit]

Borrowed from French tonne.

Noun[edit]

ton (definite accusative tonu, plural tonlar)

  1. tonne, metric ton

Etymology 3[edit]

Borrowed from French thon.

Noun[edit]

ton (definite accusative tonu, plural tonlar)

  1. tuna
    Synonym: ton balığı

Volapük[edit]

Noun[edit]

ton (nominative plural tons)

  1. sound

Declension[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Middle Welsh tonn, from Proto-Brythonic *tonn, from Proto-Celtic *tundā.

Noun[edit]

ton f (plural tonnau)

  1. wave, billow
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Middle Welsh tonn, from Proto-Celtic *tondā (surface), from the o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *tend- ~ *temh₁- (to cut).

Noun[edit]

ton m (plural tonnau)

  1. lea, unploughed land
  2. skin, rind, crust
    Synonyms: croen, crofen, crystyn, pil
Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
ton don nhon thon
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Zuni[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ton

  1. Second person dual subject (medial position)
    you two
  2. Second person plural subject (medial position)
    you (three or more)

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]