don

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "don"

Contents

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Latin dominus (“lord, head of household”), akin to Spanish don and Italian don; from domus (“house”). Compare dominie.

Noun[edit]

don (plural dons)

  1. A university professor, particularly one at Oxford or Cambridge.
  2. A mafia boss.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
professor — see professor

Etymology 2[edit]

A contraction of Middle English do on. Compare also doff, dup, dout.

Verb[edit]

don (third-person singular simple present dons, present participle donning, simple past and past participle donned)

  1. (transitive, clothing) To put on, to dress in.
    To don one's clothes.
    • 1886-88, Richard F. Burton, The Supplemental Nights to the Thousand Nights and a Night:
      Now when he had reached the King's capital wherein was Alaeddin, he alighted at one of the Kháns; and, when he had rested from the weariness of wayfare, he donned his dress and went down to wander about the streets, where he never passed a group without hearing them prate about the pavilion and its grandeur and vaunt the beauty of Alaeddin and his lovesomeness, his liberality and generosity, his fine manners and his good morals.
Antonyms[edit]
  • (put on clothes): doff
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Bambara[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

don

  1. day

References[edit]

Breton[edit]

Adjective[edit]

don

  1. deep

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish don, which is from Latin dominus (“lord”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

don m anim

  1. (in Italian environment) Originally a title of honour of the Pope, later used for all priests and later for aristocrats.
    don Giovanni
  2. Spanish noble title. [19th c.]
  3. title of respect in front of Spanish given names
    don José
  4. don (maffia boss)
    • 2003, Miroslav Nožina, Mezinárodní organizovaný zločin v České republice, Themis, →ISBN, page 156:
      Roku 1876 mafiánský don Raffaele Palizollo reformoval dosavadní strategii nevměšování se mafie do veřejného života.
      In 1876 mafia don Raffaele Palizollo reformed the previous strategy of mafia not interfering into public affairs.
    • 2012, Hana Pernicová (translator), Kolumbova záhada‎[1], Ostrava: Domino, translation of original by Steve Berry, →ISBN, page 412:
      Simon se zatvářil stejně jako drogový don před čtyřmi dny.
      Simon had the same expression as the drug mafia don four days ago.

Declension[edit]

Declension
singular plural
nominative don donové
genitive dona donů
dative donovi, donu donům
accusative dona dony
vocative done donové
locative donovi, donu donech
instrumental donem dony

Related terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Dupaningan Agta[edit]

Noun[edit]

don

  1. leaf of a plant

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin donum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

don m (plural dons)

  1. gift, talent, knack
  2. gift (present)
  3. donation

Further reading[edit]

Irish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Contraction[edit]

don

  1. Contraction of do an.
    Thug mé don bhuachaill é. ― I gave it to the boy.
    Tá mé ag dul don Spáinn. ― I'm going to Spain.
Usage notes[edit]

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *do an never appears uncontracted. It triggers lenition of a following consonant other than d, s, or t.

Related terms[edit]
Irish preposition contractions
Basic form Contracted with Copular forms
an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) (before consonant) (present/future before vowel) (past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”) den de na
desna*		 de mo
dem*		 de do
ded*, det*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
do (“to, for”) don do na
dosna*		 do mo
dom*		 do do
dod*, dot*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
fara (“along with, beside”) fairis an fairis na fara mo fara do farana faranár faranar faranarb faranarbh
i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
im*		 i do
id*, it*		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
lem*		 le do
led*, let*		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
ósna*		 ó mo
óm*		 ó do
ód*, ót*		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Irish don (“misfortune, evil”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

don

  1. misfortune
Usage notes[edit]

Used only in a few stock maledictions such as Do dhon is do dhuais ort!, Don is duais ort!, Mo dhon is mo dhograinn ort! (all basically "bad luck to you!") and Don d’fhiafraí ort! (“Don’t be so inquisitive!”).

Derived terms[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
don dhon ndon
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From a shortening of an earlier donno, from dom'no (used by Dante), from Latin domnus < dominus.

Noun[edit]

don m (inv)

  1. Father (a title given to priests)
  2. A title of respect to a man.

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

don

  1. Rōmaji transcription of どん
  2. Rōmaji transcription of ドン

Middle English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old English dōn, from Proto-Germanic *dōną.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

don

  1. To do, perform (an activity)
  2. To complete, finish
  3. To make, create
  4. To put, place, position, raise
  5. To remove, take away
  6. To go or move (in a specified direction)
  7. To behave (in a specified manner
  8. (auxiliary) To cause (an action or state)
  9. (auxiliary) Emphasises the verb that follows it
  10. (auxiliary) Stands in for a verb in a dependent clause

Usage notes[edit]

As in modern English, several uses of this verb are highly idiomatic.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of don (irregular)
infinitive (to) don
indicative present past
1st person singular do did(de)
2nd person singular dost didst
3rd person singular doth, doþ did(de)
plural do(n), doþ didde(n)
subjunctive present past
singular do did(de)
plural do didde(n)
imperative present
singular do
plural doth, doϸ
participle present past
doing(e), doende (y)don(ne)

Descendants[edit]

  • Scots: dae
  • English: do
  • Northumbrian: dee

References[edit]

Nigerian Pidgin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English done.

Verb[edit]

don

  1. have (perfect aspect auxiliary)
    Wi don chop = "We have eaten"

Northern Sami[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Samic *tonë.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈton/

Pronoun[edit]

don

  1. you (singular)
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of don (irregular)
Nominative don
Genitive dū
Nominative don
Genitive dū
Accusative dū
Illative dutnje
Locative dūs
Comitative duinna
Essive dūnin
See also[edit]
Personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person mun moai mii
2nd person don doai dii
3rd person son soai sii
Further reading[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the main entry.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtoːn/

Determiner[edit]

dōn

  1. inflection of dōt:
    1. accusative singular
    2. genitive singular

Old English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *dōną (“to do”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to make, do, place”). Cognate with Old Frisian dūa, duā, dwā (West Frisian dwaan), Old Saxon dōn, doan, duan, duon, Old Dutch duon (Dutch doen), Old High German tuon (German tun); and, outside the Germanic languages, with Ancient Greek τίθημι (títhēmi), Latin faciō, Old Irish dorat (Irish déan), Old Church Slavonic дѣти (děti).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

dōn

  1. to do
  2. refers back to an earlier verb, as with modern English do
  3. to make, cause
  4. to put
    • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 26:52
      Þā cwæþ se Hǣlend tō him, "Dō þīn sweord eft on his sċēaðe."
      Then Jesus said to him, "Put your sword back in its sheath."
    • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Mark 7:33
      Hē dyde his fingras on his ēaran.
      He put his fingers in his ears.

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of dōn (irregular)
infinitive dōn tō dōnne
indicative present past
1st-person singular dō dyde
2nd-person singular dēst dydest
3rd-person singular dēþ dyde
plural dōþ dydon
subjunctive present past
singular dō dyde
plural dōn dyden
imperative
singular dō
plural dōþ
participle present past
dōnde (ġe)dōn

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin donum.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

don m (oblique plural dons, nominative singular dons, nominative plural don)

  1. gift

Descendants[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Contraction[edit]

don

  1. Contraction of do + in (“to/for the sg”).

Etymology 2[edit]

Noun[edit]

don ?

  1. misfortune, evil
Inflection[edit]

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants[edit]

Old Saxon[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *dōną. Compare Old English dōn, Old Frisian dwā, dūa, duā, Old Dutch duon, Old High German tuon.

Verb[edit]

dōn

  1. to do

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of dōn (irregular)
infinitive dōn
indicative present past
1st person singular dōm deda
2nd person singular dōs dādi
3rd person singular dōd deda
plural dōth dādun
subjunctive present past
1st person singular dōe dādi
2nd person singular dōes dādis
3rd person singular dōe dādi
plural dōen dādin
imperative present
singular dō
plural dōth
participle present past
dōndi gidōn, dōn

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle Low German: dôn

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

do + an

Preposition[edit]

don

  1. to the (singular)
    Chaidh i don bhùth. - She went to the shop.
  2. for the (singular)

Usage notes[edit]

  • Without the definite article and in the plural the form do is used.
  • Lenites words beginning with b, c, f, g, m and p.

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Late Latin dom (“a courtesy title for monks and abbots”), from domnus (“master, sir”), from Classical Latin dominus, from domus (“a house”), from Proto-Indo-European *dṓm (“a house”), from root Proto-Indo-European *dem- (“to build”).

Noun[edit]

don m (plural dones, feminine doña, feminine plural doñas)

  1. (obsolete) sir, master, lord
  2. A title of respect to a man, prefixed to Christian names
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Latin donum (“a gift”), from dō (“I give”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- (“to give”)

Noun[edit]

don m (plural dones)

  1. gift, present
  2. gift, talent, knack
See also[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Noun[edit]

don n

  1. a tool, a means

Declension[edit]

Declension of don 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative don donet don donen
Genitive dons donets dons donens

Related terms[edit]

Turkish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Turkic ton, from Proto-Turkic *tōn.

Noun[edit]

don

  1. underpants

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old Turkic toŋ, from Proto-Turkic *tong, *doŋ.

Noun[edit]

don

  1. frost

Verb[edit]

don

  1. second-person singular imperative of donmak

Antonyms[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(classifier con) don

  1. Atherurus macrourus, Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine
    Synonym: đon

Zazaki[edit]

Noun[edit]

don ?

  1. kind of bread
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