lem
Albanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- len (dialectal)
Etymology[edit]
Possibly from a Proto-Albanian *leudno, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lewdʰ- (“man, people”). Alternatively formed from polem.
Noun[edit]
lem m (plural leme, definite lemi, definite plural lemet)
Declension[edit]
Aromanian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin lignum. Compare Daco-Romanian lemn.
Noun[edit]
lem n (plural lemi)
Cimbrian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjan, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live; to be alive”). Cognate with German leben, English live.
Verb[edit]
lem (auxiliary håm)
References[edit]
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Danish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Danish lim, from Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”), cognate with Norwegian, Swedish lem, English limb, Dutch leem.
Noun[edit]
lem n (singular definite lemmet, plural indefinite lemmer)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “lem,2” in Den Danske Ordbog
Etymology 2[edit]
From Old Norse hlemmr, from Proto-Germanic *hlammiz (“noice; lid”), cognate with Norwegian lem, Swedish läm, Old English hlemm, Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 (hlamma).
Noun[edit]
lem c (singular definite lemmen, plural indefinite lemme)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “lem,1” in Den Danske Ordbog
Icelandic[edit]
Verb[edit]
lem (weak)
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Dutch lijm, from Middle Dutch lijm, from Old Dutch *līm, from Proto-Germanic *līmaz.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
lem or lèm
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “lem” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Contraction[edit]
lem (triggers lenition)
- (Munster) Contraction of le mo (“with my”).
- Chuir sé cúl orm lem chuid oibre.
- It left me late with my work.
Related terms[edit]
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Livonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *lämbin. Akin to Finnish lämmin.
Adjective[edit]
lem
Middle English[edit]
Noun[edit]
lem
- Alternative form of leme
Middle Irish[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Irish lem, from Proto-Celtic *limos (compare Welsh llwyf, from a variant *lēmos), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”); compare Latin ulmus.
Noun[edit]
lem m (genitive lim)
Etymology 2[edit]
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”).
Adjective[edit]
lem
Descendants[edit]
- Irish: leamh
Mutation[edit]
Middle Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
lem | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 lem (‘elm tree’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 lem (‘soft’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Mòcheno[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn, from Proto-West Germanic *libbjan, from Proto-Germanic *libjaną (“to live; to be alive”). Cognate with German leben, English live.
Verb[edit]
lem
- to live
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle High German leben, from Old High German lebēn (noun), from the verb. Cognate with German Leben.
Noun[edit]
lem n
References[edit]
- “lem” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”) (compare English limb).
Noun[edit]
lem (definite singular lemmen or lemen, indefinite plural lemmar or lemmer or lemar or lemer, definite plural lammane or lemmene or lemane or lemene)
Etymology 2[edit]
From Old Norse hlemmr, from Proto-Germanic *hlammiz, as also Icelandic hlemmur.
Noun[edit]
lem m (definite singular lemmen, indefinite plural lemmar, definite plural lemmane)
Etymology 3[edit]
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb[edit]
lem
- inflection of lemja:
- imperative of lema and lemma
References[edit]
- “lem” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams[edit]
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse limr, from Proto-Germanic *limuz (“branch, limb”) (compare English limb).
Noun[edit]
lem c
Usage notes[edit]
(sense 2) has similar tone to English member.
Declension[edit]
Declension of lem | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | lem | lemmen | lemmar | lemmarna |
Genitive | lems | lemmens | lemmars | lemmarnas |
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- lem in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- lem in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- lem in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Vietnamese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
- smudged, soiled
- Cô Bé Lọ Lem ― Cinderella (literally, “The Soot-smeared Girl”)
Derived terms[edit]
Volapük[edit]
Noun[edit]
lem (nominative plural lems)
Declension[edit]
White Hmong[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Thai เลี้ยว (líao) ("to turn"), with vowel reduction.
Verb[edit]
lem
- Albanian terms inherited from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- Aromanian terms inherited from Latin
- Aromanian terms derived from Latin
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian nouns
- Aromanian neuter nouns
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Middle High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms derived from Old High German
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Cimbrian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian verbs
- Cimbrian weak verbs
- Luserna Cimbrian
- Cimbrian terms with usage examples
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Danish/ɛmˀ
- Rhymes:Danish/ɛmˀ/1 syllable
- Danish terms inherited from Old Danish
- Danish terms derived from Old Danish
- Danish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Danish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Danish lemmas
- Danish nouns
- Danish neuter nouns
- Danish formal terms
- Danish dated terms
- Danish common-gender nouns
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic verb forms
- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Old Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish non-lemma forms
- Irish contractions
- Munster Irish
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Livonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Livonian lemmas
- Livonian adjectives
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Middle Irish lemmas
- Middle Irish nouns
- Middle Irish masculine nouns
- Middle Irish adjectives
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Mòcheno terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyp-
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Middle High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms derived from Old High German
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Mòcheno terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Mòcheno lemmas
- Mòcheno verbs
- Mòcheno nouns
- Mòcheno neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms with IPA pronunciation
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk euphemisms
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese adjectives
- Vietnamese terms with usage examples
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns
- White Hmong terms borrowed from Thai
- White Hmong terms derived from Thai
- White Hmong lemmas
- White Hmong verbs