тона
Bulgarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *topnǫti.
Verb
[edit]то́на • (tóna) first-singular present indicative, impf (dialectal)
Conjugation
[edit]| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | то́нещ tónešt |
то́нал, тона́л1 tónal, tonál1 |
то́нел tónel |
— | то́нейки tónejki | |
| definite subject form | то́нещият tóneštijat |
то́налият, тона́лият1 tónalijat, tonálijat1 |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | то́нещия tóneštija |
то́налия, тона́лия1 tónalija, tonálija1 |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | то́неща tónešta |
то́нала, тона́ла1 tónala, tonála1 |
то́нела tónela |
— | ||
| definite | то́нещата tóneštata |
то́налата, тона́лата1 tónalata, tonálata1 |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | то́нещо tónešto |
то́нало, тона́ло1 tónalo, tonálo1 |
то́нело tónelo |
— | то́нене tónene | |
| definite | то́нещото tóneštoto |
то́налото, тона́лото1 tónaloto, tonáloto1 |
— | — | то́ненето tóneneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | то́нещи tónešti |
то́нали, тона́ли1 tónali, tonáli1 |
то́нели tóneli |
— | то́нения, то́ненета tónenija, tóneneta | |
| definite | то́нещите tóneštite |
то́налите, тона́лите1 tónalite, tonálite1 |
— | — | то́ненията, то́ненетата tónenijata, tónenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | то́на tóna |
то́неш tóneš |
то́не tóne |
то́нем tónem |
то́нете tónete |
то́нат tónat | |
| imperfect | то́нех tóneh |
то́неше tóneše |
то́неше tóneše |
то́нехме tónehme |
то́нехте tónehte |
то́неха tóneha | |
| aorist | то́нах, тона́х1 tónah, tonáh1 |
то́на, тона́1 tóna, toná1 |
то́на, тона́1 tóna, toná1 |
то́нахме, тона́хме1 tónahme, tonáhme1 |
то́нахте, тона́хте1 tónahte, tonáhte1 |
то́наха, тона́ха1 tónaha, tonáha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and то́нел m, то́нела f, то́нело n, or то́нели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and то́нел m, то́нела f, то́нело n, or то́нели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and то́нел m, то́нела f, то́нело n, or то́нели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and то́нал/тона́л1 m, то́нала/тона́ла1 f, то́нало/тона́ло1 n, or то́нали/тона́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| тони́ toní |
тоне́те tonéte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Nayden Gerov; Тодор Панчев (1904), “то́нѫ, -ешь; -нѫлъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 345
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]то́на • (tóna)
- inflection of тон (ton, “tone”):
Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]то́на • (tóna)
- inflection of тон (ton, “tonne, metric ton”):
Etymology 4
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
[edit]то́на • (tóna)
Anagrams
[edit]Erzya
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Mordvinic *to-, derived from Proto-Uralic *to (“that”) and suffixed with *-na (pronoun-forming suffix, the same as in Proto-Uralic *minä etc.). Cognates include Finnish tuo, Skolt Sami tut and Hungarian tova.
Pronoun
[edit]тона • (tona)
- that
- Synonym: се (śe)
- 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 11:
- I moľźt meľganzo lamo narod Galilejasto i kämen ošsto i Ierusalimste i Iudejasto i Iordanoń tona peľde.
- Large crowds from Galilee, the Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea and the region across the Jordan followed him.
- (literally, “[...] and that side of the Jordan [...]”)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | тона (tona) | нонат (nonat), нона (nona), нонатне (nonatńe) |
| genitive | тонань (tonań) | нонатнень (nonatńeń), нонань (nonań) |
| dative | тонанень (tonańeń) | нонатненень (nonatńeńeń), нонанень (nonańeń) |
| ablative | тонадо (tonado) | нонатнеде (nonatńeďe), нонадо (nonado) |
| inessive | тонасо (tonaso), тонань эйсэ (tonań ejsë) | нонатнесэ (nonatńesë), нонасо (nonaso) |
| elative | тонасто (tonasto), тонань эйстэ (tonań ejstë) | нонатнестэ (nonatńestë), нонасто (nonasto) |
| illative | тонас (tonas), тонань эйс (tonań ejs) | нонатнес (nonatńes), нонас (nonas) |
| prolative | тонава (tonava), тонань эзга (tonań ezga) | нонатнева (nonatńeva) |
| translative | тонакс (tonaks) | нонатнекс (nonatńeks), нонакс (nonaks) |
| abessive | тонавтомо (tonavtomo) | нонатневтеме (nonatńevťeme), нонавтомо (nonavtomo) |
| comparative | тонашка (tonaška) | нонатнешка (nonatńeška), нонашка (nonaška) |
Etymology 2
[edit]Neologism. Based on тона- (tona-) in тонадомс (tonadoms, “to get used to; to learn”), which is from Proto-Uralic *tuna-.
Noun
[edit]тона • (tona)
- (neologism) study, -logy; in this sense usually the head of a compound term
- Synonyms: наука (nauka), тонавтома (tonavtoma), тонавтолма (tonavtolma), содамо (sodamo)
Declension
[edit]| case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (...) |
тона (tona) | тонат (tonat) |
| genitive (of ...) |
тонань (tonań) | — |
| dative (to ...) |
тонанень (tonańeń) | — |
| ablative (than ...) |
тонадо (tonado) | — |
| inessive (in ...) |
тонасо (tonaso) | — |
| elative (out of ...) |
тонасто (tonasto) | — |
| illative (into ...) |
тонас (tonas) | — |
| prolative (through ...) |
тонава (tonava) | — |
| translative (becoming ...) |
тонакс (tonaks) | — |
| comparative (like ...) |
тонашка (tonaška) | — |
| abessive (without ...) |
тонавтомо (tonavtomo) | — |
| case | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (...) |
тонась (tonaś) | тонатне (tonatńe) |
| genitive (of ...) |
тонанть (tonanť) | тонатнень (tonatńeń) |
| dative (to ...) |
тонантень (tonanťeń) | тонатненень (tonatńeńeń) |
| ablative (than ...) |
тонадонть (tonadonť) | тонатнеде (tonatńeďe) |
| inessive (in ...) |
тонасонть (tonasonť) | тонатнесэ (tonatńesë) |
| elative (out of ...) |
тонастонть (tonastonť) | тонатнестэ (tonatńestë) |
| illative (into ...) |
тонантень (tonanťeń) | тонатнес (tonatńes) |
| prolative (through ...) |
тонаванть (tonavanť) | тонатнева (tonatńeva) |
| translative (becoming ...) |
— | — |
| comparative (like ...) |
тонашканть (tonaškanť) | тонатнешка (tonatńeška) |
| abessive (without ...) |
тонавтомонть (tonavtomonť) | тонатневтеме (tonatńevťeme) |
References
[edit]- B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “тона”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
- Entry #1058 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Moksha
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]тона • (tona)
Russian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]то́на • (tóna) m inan
Noun
[edit]тона́ • (toná) m inan pl
- nominative/accusative plural of тон (ton, “shade, hue”)
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]то̏на f (Latin spelling tȍna)
Declension
[edit]- Bulgarian 2-syllable words
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/ɔnɐ
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/ɔnɐ/2 syllables
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian dialectal terms
- Bulgarian intransitive verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 1.2 verbs
- Bulgarian non-lemma forms
- Bulgarian noun forms
- Erzya terms with IPA pronunciation
- Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Mordvinic
- Erzya terms derived from Proto-Mordvinic
- Erzya terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Erzya terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Erzya lemmas
- Erzya pronouns
- Erzya terms with quotations
- Erzya nouns
- Erzya neologisms
- Moksha lemmas
- Moksha pronouns
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian non-lemma forms
- Russian noun forms
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns
- sh:Units of measure