井
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]井 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 廿廿 (TT), four-corner 55000, composition ⿻一廾)
Derived characters
[edit]- 㘫, 妌, 𪪁, 汫, 阱, 𪰉, 肼, 㐩, 𭾠, 畊, 𮈃, 𬙍, 耕, 䎴, 𬟷, 𮗻, 𬪦, 㓝, 刱, 𫡳, 𫎁, 宑, 𬜣, 𬼾, 𭾞, 穽, 𬆓, 䨍, 坓, 汬, 丼, 𬑽, 囲
- 𰃖, 进, 讲 (Simplified from 進 and 講)
Descendants
[edit]- ヰ (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 258
- Dae Jaweon: page 183, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 10, character 4
- Unihan data for U+4E95
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
井 | |
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alternative forms | 丼 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 井 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Square_well_%28Longgang_Museum_of_Hakka_Culture%29.jpg/220px-Square_well_%28Longgang_Museum_of_Hakka_Culture%29.jpg)
Pictogram (象形) – a square well, with supports on four sides.
Some forms have a stone inside the well, as in 丼.
Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): jiang3 / jin3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jing2
- Northern Min (KCR): cǎng
- Eastern Min (BUC): cāng / ciāng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5cin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zin3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jǐng
- Wade–Giles: ching3
- Yale: jǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiing
- Palladius: цзин (czin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: җин (žin, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zeng2 / zing2
- Yale: jéng / jíng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzeng2 / dzing2
- Guangdong Romanization: zéng2 / jing2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/, /t͡sɪŋ³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- zeng2 - vernacular;
- zing2 - literary.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: diang2 / den2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiaŋ⁵⁵/, /ten⁵⁵/
Note:
- diang2 - vernacular;
- den2 - literary.
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: jiang3 / jin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³/, /t͡ɕin²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chiáng
- Hakka Romanization System: jiangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: jiang3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡si̯aŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: jing2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕĩŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cǎng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cāng / ciāng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ³³/, /t͡siaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chíⁿ/chéⁿ - vernacular;
- chéng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tsjengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.tseŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*skeŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]井
- well (a hole sunk into the ground) (Classifier: 口; 眼)
- well-shaped object; mineshaft, pit
- hometown
- neat; tidy
- 48th hexagram of the I Ching
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 下井投石
- 三眼井 (Sānyǎnjǐng)
- 丘井
- 丹砂井
- 乾井/干井 (gānjǐng)
- 井中求火
- 井中視星/井中视星
- 井井有條/井井有条 (jǐngjǐngyǒutiáo)
- 井井有理
- 井口邊草/井口边草
- 井地
- 井字棋 (jǐngzìqí)
- 井字過三關/井字过三关 (jǐngzìguòsānguān)
- 井字遊戲/井字游戏 (jǐngzì yóuxì)
- 井宿 (Jǐngxiù)
- 井幹/井干
- 井底之蛙 (jǐngdǐzhīwā)
- 井底銀瓶/井底银瓶
- 井架
- 井柱狀圖/井柱状图
- 井榦/井干
- 井水 (jǐngshuǐ)
- 井渫不食
- 井然 (jǐngrán)
- 井然有序 (jǐngrányǒuxù)
- 井田 (jǐngtián)
- 井田制度 (jǐngtián zhìdù)
- 井稅/井税
- 井穴
- 井窩子/井窝子
- 井繩/井绳
- 井臺/井台 (jǐngtái)
- 井臼
- 井蛙 (jǐngwā)
- 井蛙之見/井蛙之见
- 井蛙語海/井蛙语海
- 井蛙醯雞/井蛙醯鸡
- 井逕/井迳
- 井闌/井阑
- 井陘縣/井陉县
- 井養/井养
- 井鮒/井鲋
- 井鹽/井盐
- 前井 (Qiánjǐng)
- 午井 (Wǔjǐng)
- 古井 (gǔjǐng)
- 古井不波
- 古井無波/古井无波
- 古井重波
- 坎井之蛙
- 坐井觀天/坐井观天 (zuòjǐngguāntiān)
- 坎兒井/坎儿井 (kǎnrjǐng)
- 天井 (tiānjǐng)
- 奔井投河
- 學如穿井/学如穿井
- 層次井然/层次井然
- 市井 (shìjǐng)
- 市井之人
- 市井之徒 (shìjǐngzhītú)
- 市井之臣
- 市井小人
- 市井小民
- 市井無賴/市井无赖 (shìjǐngwúlài)
- 從井救人/从井救人
- 心如古井
- 投井下石 (tóujǐngxiàshí)
- 投河逩井/投河奔井
- 投石下井
- 挑雪填井
- 掘井 (juéjǐng)
- 捫參歷井/扪参历井
- 操井臼
- 擔雪填井/担雪填井
- 擔雪塞井/担雪塞井
- 斷井頹垣/断井颓垣
- 旱井
- 景陽宮井/景阳宫井
- 枯井
- 條理井然/条理井然
- 棄井/弃井
- 橘井
- 氣井/气井
- 水井 (shuǐjǐng)
- 汲井
- 油井 (yóujǐng)
- 洋井
- 淺井/浅井 (qiǎnjǐng)
- 淘井 (táojǐng)
- 淘古井
- 涼水井/凉水井 (Liángshuǐjǐng)
- 渴而穿井
- 灣井/湾井 (Wānjǐng)
- 煤井
- 玉井 (Yùjǐng)
- 甘井先竭 (gānjǐngxiānjié)
- 眢井
- 石井 (Shíjǐng)
- 礦井/矿井 (kuàngjǐng)
- 秩序井然
- 稱鎚落井/称锤落井
- 窨井 (yìnjǐng)
- 管井
- 紡績井臼/纺绩井臼
- 綺井/绮井
- 耿恭拜井
- 背井離鄉/背井离乡 (bèijǐnglíxiāng)
- 胭脂井
- 臨噎掘井/临噎掘井
- 臨渴掘井/临渴掘井 (línkějuéjǐng)
- 臨渴穿井/临渴穿井
- 自操井臼
- 自流井 (zìliújǐng)
- 落井下石 (luòjǐngxiàshí)
- 藻井 (zǎojǐng)
- 虎井 (Hǔjǐng)
- 親操井臼/亲操井臼
- 踢天弄井
- 避井落坑
- 避坑落井 (bìkēngluòjǐng)
- 鄉井/乡井
- 金井
- 鑿井/凿井 (záojǐng)
- 開渠穿井/开渠穿井
- 開發井/开发井
- 阿井
- 離鄉背井/离乡背井 (líxiāngbèijǐng)
- 離鄉避井/离乡避井
- 露井
- 鹽井/盐井
- 龍井/龙井 (Lóngjǐng)
- 龍井茶/龙井茶
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 井 – see 阱 (“pitfall, trap”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 阱). |
Notes:
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Japanese
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Well_2006_03.jpg/220px-Well_2006_03.jpg)
Kanji
[edit]井
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō †)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
- Kun: い (i, 井, Jōyō)←ゐ (wi, 井, historical); いど (ido, 井)←ゐど (wido, 井, historical)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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井 |
い Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
wi > i.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- well (water source)
Derived terms
[edit]- 井の中の蛙大海を知らず (i no naka no kawazu taikai o shirazu): metaphor of a narrow world view based on limited experience (literally, "a frog in a well does not know the great ocean")
Proper noun
[edit]- a surname
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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井 |
せい Grade: 4 |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 井 (tsjengX).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 井 (MC tsjengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 져ᇰ〯 (cyěng) (Yale: cyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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