host
English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- hoast (obsolete)
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /həʊst/
- (General American) IPA(key): /hoʊst/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -əʊst
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English hoste, from Old French oste (French: hôte), from Latin hospitem, accusative of hospes (“a host, also a sojourner, visitor, guest; hence, a foreigner, a stranger”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰostipotis (“master of guests”), from *gʰóstis (“stranger, guest, enemy”) and *pótis (“owner, master, host, husband”). Used in English since 13th century. Doublet of guest.
Noun[edit]
host (plural hosts, feminine hostess)
- One which receives or entertains a guest, socially, commercially, or officially.
- A good host is always considerate of the guest’s needs.
- c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iii]:
- Time is like a fashionable host, / That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand.
- One that provides a facility for an event.
- A person or organization responsible for running an event.
- Our company is host of the annual conference this year.
- A moderator or master of ceremonies for a performance.
- The host was terrible, but the acts themselves were good.
- (computing, Internet) Any computer attached to a network.
- (ecology) A cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.
- 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
- A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.
- Viruses depend on the host that they infect in order to be able to reproduce.
- (evolution, genetics) An organism bearing certain genetic material, with respect to its cells.
- The so-called junk DNA is known, so far, to provide no apparent benefit to its host.
- A paid male companion offering conversation and in some cases sex, as in certain types of bar in Japan.
Synonyms[edit]
- presenter (UK)
Hyponyms[edit]
- (computing): localhost
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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Verb[edit]
host (third-person singular simple present hosts, present participle hosting, simple past and past participle hosted)
- To perform the role of a host.
- 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
- Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
- Our company will host the annual conference this year.
- I was terrible at hosting that show.
- I’ll be hosting tonight. I hope I’m not terrible.
- (obsolete, intransitive) To lodge at an inn.
- c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s VVell, that Ends VVell”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene v]:
- Where you shall host.
- (computing, Internet) To run software made available to a remote user or process.
- 1987 May 7, Selden E. Ball, Jr., Re: Ethernet Terminal Concentrators, comp.protocols.tcp-ip, Usenet
- CMU/TEK TCP/IP software uses an excessive amount of cpu resources for terminal support both outbound, when accessing another system, and inbound, when the local system is hosting a session.
- Kremvax hosts a variety of services.
- 1987 May 7, Selden E. Ball, Jr., Re: Ethernet Terminal Concentrators, comp.protocols.tcp-ip, Usenet
Translations[edit]
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See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From Middle English oost, borrowed from Old French ost, oste, hoste, from Latin hostis (“foreign enemy”) (as opposed to inimicus (“personal enemy”)); cognate with etymology 1 through an Indo-European root.
Noun[edit]
host (plural hosts)
- A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)
- 1843 April, Thomas Carlyle, “ch. X, Plugson of Undershot”, in Past and Present, American edition, Boston, Mass.: Charles C[offin] Little and James Brown, published 1843, OCLC 191225086, book III (The Modern Worker):
- Why, Plugson, even thy own host is all in mutiny: Cotton is conquered; but the ‘bare backs’ — are worse covered than ever!
- 1955 October 20, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, “chapter 4, The Field of Cormallen”, in The Return of the King: Being the Third Part of The Lord of the Rings […], New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, published December 1978, →ISBN:
- All about the hosts of Mordor raged.
- 2001, Carlos Parada, Hesione 2, Greek Mythology Link
- the invading host that had sailed from Hellas in more than one thousand ships was of an unprecedented size.
- A large number of items; a large inventory.
- The dealer stocks a host of parts for my Model A.
- 1802, William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
- I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils; […]
- I wandered lonely as a cloud
- 1836, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
- A short time since, some friends drinking tea one summer evening at their residence near Maidenhead, with all the windows of the drawing-room open, there suddenly burst in a host of small flies, which covered the table and the furniture […]
- 2018 June 18, Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport[1], archived from the original on 21 April 2019:
- England ran Tunisia ragged in that spell but were punished for missing a host of chances when Ferjani Sassi equalised from the penalty spot against the run of play after Kyle Walker was penalised for an elbow on Fakhreddine Ben Youssef.
- 2020 July 29, Ian Prosser discusses with Paul Stephen, “Rail needs robust and strategic plans”, in Rail, page 38:
- In the immediate term, there is a host of new operating procedures to be developed and to become familiarised with, in accordance with social distancing.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle English host, oist, ost, from Old French hoiste, from Latin hostia (“sacrificial victim”). Doublet of hostie.
Noun[edit]
host (plural hosts)
- (Christianity) The consecrated bread of the Eucharist.
- 1978, John Lydon (lyrics and music), “Religion II”, performed by Public Image Ltd.:
- Do you pray to the Holy Ghost when you suck your host? / Do you read who's dead in the Irish Post?
Translations[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Catalan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Catalan ost, from Latin hostis, from Proto-Italic *hostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host f (plural hosts)
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- “host” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “host”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “host” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “host” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Czech[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Czech host, from Proto-Slavic *gostь.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m
- guest
- Host do domu, Bůh do domu. ("A guest into the house, God into the house") — old proverb, meaning: respect should be shown to guests
- Host a ryba třetí den smrdí. - The guest and the fish smell the third day.
Declension[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- host in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- host in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m (plural hosts, diminutive hostje n)
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From hossen.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
host
- second- and third-person singular present indicative of hossen
- (archaic) plural imperative of hossen
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Related to hoste ("to cough").
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host n (definite singular hostet, indefinite plural host, definite plural hosta or hostene)
Usage notes[edit]
- Prior to a 2020 spelling revision, this noun was also considered masculine.
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m (definite singular hosten, indefinite plural hoster, definite plural hostene)
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Verb[edit]
host
- imperative of hoste
References[edit]
- “host” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Related to hosta, hoste ("to cough").
Noun[edit]
host n (definite singular hostet, indefinite plural host, definite plural hosta)
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m (definite singular hosten, indefinite plural hostar, definite plural hostane)
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Verb[edit]
host
- imperative of hosta
References[edit]
- “host” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Portuguese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unadapted borrowing from English host.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m (plural hosts)
- (networking) host (computer attached to a network)
Slovene[edit]
Noun[edit]
hóst
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from English host. Doublet of huésped.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
host m or f (plural hosts)
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/əʊst
- Rhymes:English/əʊst/1 syllable
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- en:Computing
- en:Internet
- en:Ecology
- en:Genetics
- English verbs
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English intransitive verbs
- English countable nouns
- en:Christianity
- English collective nouns
- en:People
- en:Host industry
- Catalan terms inherited from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms derived from Old Catalan
- Catalan terms inherited from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Catalan terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Catalan terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Catalan 1-syllable words
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns with no feminine ending
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
- Czech terms derived from Old Czech
- Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech terms with audio links
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Dutch terms derived from English
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔst
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɔst/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- nl:Computing
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch non-lemma forms
- Dutch verb forms
- Dutch heteronyms
- Norwegian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Norwegian/ust
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål neuter nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from English
- Rhymes:Norwegian/ɔust
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- nb:Computing
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål verb forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from English
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- nn:Computing
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Portuguese terms borrowed from English
- Portuguese unadapted borrowings from English
- Portuguese terms derived from English
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese masculine nouns
- pt:Networking
- Slovene non-lemma forms
- Slovene noun forms
- Spanish terms borrowed from English
- Spanish terms derived from English
- Spanish doublets
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/ost
- Rhymes:Spanish/ost/1 syllable
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Spanish nouns with multiple genders
- es:Computing
- es:Internet