host

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See also: höst, høst, and hosť

English[edit]

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Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old French oste (French: hôte), from Middle Latin hospitem, accusative of hospes (“a host, also a sourjourner, visitor, guest; hence, a foreigner, a stranger”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóspot- (“master of guests”), from *gʰóstis (“stranger, guest, host, someone with whom one has reciprocal duties of hospitality”) and *pótis (“owner, master, host, husband”). Used in English since 13th century.

Noun[edit]

host (plural hosts)

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  1. A person who receives or entertains a guest, particularly into the host’s home.
    A good host is always considerate of the guest’s needs.
    • Shakespeare
      Time is like a fashionable host, / That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand.
  2. A person or organization responsible for running an event.
    Our company is host of the annual conference this year.
  3. A moderator or master of ceremonies for a performance.
    The host was terrible, but the acts themselves were good.
  4. (computing, Internet, Unix) Any computer attached to a network.
  5. (biology) A cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193: 
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.
    Viruses depend on the host that they infect in order to be able to reproduce.
  6. (evolutionism, genetics) An organism bearing certain genetic material.
    The so-called junk DNA is known, so far, to provide no apparent benefit to its host.
  7. Consecrated bread such as that used in the Christian ceremony of the Eucharist.
Related terms[edit]
Related terms
Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

host (third-person singular simple present hosts, present participle hosting, simple past and past participle hosted)

  1. To perform the role of a host.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193: 
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
    Our company will host the annual conference this year.
    I was terrible at hosting that show.
    I’ll be hosting tonight. I hope I’m not terrible.
  2. (obsolete, intransitive) To lodge at an inn.
    • Shakespeare
      Where you shall host.
  3. (computing, Internet) To run software made available to a remote user or process.
    • 1987 May 7, Selden E. Ball, Jr., Re: Ethernet Terminal Concentrators, comp.protocols.tcp-ip, Usenet
      CMU/TEK TCP/IP software uses an excessive amount of cpu resources for terminal support both outbound, when accessing another system, and inbound, when the local system is hosting a session.
    Kremvax hosts a variety of services.
Translations[edit]

See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Old French hoste, from Middle Latin hostis (“foreign enemy”) (as opposed to inimicus (“personal enemy”)), cognate with etymology 1.

Noun[edit]

host (plural hosts)

  1. A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)
    • 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 3, ch. X, Plugson of Undershot
      Why, Plugson, even thy own host is all in mutiny: Cotton is conquered; but the ‘bare backs’ — are worse covered than ever!
    • 2001, Carlos Parada, Hesione 2, Greek Mythology Link
      the invading host that had sailed from Hellas in more than one thousand ships was of an unprecedented size.
  2. A large number of items; a large inventory.
    A host of parts for my Model A.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

From Middle English also oist, ost, from Old French hoiste, from Latin hostia (“sacrificial victim”).

Noun[edit]

host (plural hosts)

  1. (Catholicism) The consecrated bread or wafer of the Eucharist.
Translations[edit]
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

See also[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin hostis.

Noun[edit]

host m (plural hosts or hostos)

  1. army

See also[edit]

Czech[edit]

FWOTD - 4 April 2013

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *gostь.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

host m

  1. guest
    • 2009, Překlad 21 (Bible), Leviticus 17:15:
      Kdokoli, ať už domácí nebo host, by jedl něco zdechlého nebo rozsápaného, vypere si oděv, omyje se vodou a bude nečistý až do večera. Teprve pak bude čistý.

Declension[edit]

    declension of host
singular plural
nominative host hostové, hosti
genitive hosta hostů
dative hostovi, hostu hostům
accusative hosta hosty
vocative hoste hostové, hosti
locative hostovi, hostu hostech
instrumental hostem hosty

Related terms[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From English host.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

host m (plural hosts, diminutive hostje n)

  1. (computing) host
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From hossen.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

host

  1. second- and third-person singular present indicative of hossen
  2. plural imperative of hossen

Norwegian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Related to hosta/hoste ("to cough").

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

host

  1. A single cough expulsion
Inflection[edit]
    Inflection of host
indefinite singular definite singular indefinite plural definite plural
Bokmål m host hosten host hostene
Bokmål n host hostet host hosta/hostene
Nynorsk n host hostet host hosta [hosti]

Verb[edit]

host

  1. Imperative of hoste. (Bokmål)
  2. imperative of hosta and hoste (Nynorsk)

Etymology 2[edit]

From English.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

host m

  1. (computing) host
Inflection[edit]
    Inflection of host
indefinite singular definite singular indefinite plural definite plural
Bokmål m host hosten hoster hostene
Nynorsk m host hosten hostar hostane
Synonyms[edit]
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