inimicus
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Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *enamīkos. Equivalent to in- (“not”) + amīcus (“friend”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical) IPA(key): /i.niˈmiː.kus/, [ɪnɪˈmiːkʊs̠]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /i.niˈmi.kus/, [iniˈmiːkus]
Noun[edit]
inimīcus m (genitive inimīcī); second declension
- enemy, foe (someone who is hostile to, feels hatred towards, opposes the interests of, or intends injury to someone else)
- Synonym: hostis
Declension[edit]
Second-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | inimīcus | inimīcī |
Genitive | inimīcī | inimīcōrum |
Dative | inimīcō | inimīcīs |
Accusative | inimīcum | inimīcōs |
Ablative | inimīcō | inimīcīs |
Vocative | inimīce | inimīcī |
Descendants[edit]
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Sardinian:
- Sardinian: anemigu
- Padanian:
- Northern Gallo-Romance:
- Southern Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
Adjective[edit]
inimīcus (feminine inimīca, neuter inimīcum, comparative inimicior, superlative inimicissimus); first/second-declension adjective
- unfriendly, hostile, inimical
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.67-68:
- “Gēns inimīca mihī Tyrrhēnum nāvigat aequor,
Īlium in Ītaliam portāns vīctōsque Penātēs.”- “A race inimical to me is sailing the calm Tyrrhenian Sea, bringing Ilium to Italy, along with [their] conquered household-gods.”
(Juno is describing the Trojan war survivors led by Aeneas. See: Tyrrhenian Sea; Troy; Di Penates.)
- “A race inimical to me is sailing the calm Tyrrhenian Sea, bringing Ilium to Italy, along with [their] conquered household-gods.”
- “Gēns inimīca mihī Tyrrhēnum nāvigat aequor,
- injurious
Declension[edit]
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | inimīcus | inimīca | inimīcum | inimīcī | inimīcae | inimīca | |
Genitive | inimīcī | inimīcae | inimīcī | inimīcōrum | inimīcārum | inimīcōrum | |
Dative | inimīcō | inimīcō | inimīcīs | ||||
Accusative | inimīcum | inimīcam | inimīcum | inimīcōs | inimīcās | inimīca | |
Ablative | inimīcō | inimīcā | inimīcō | inimīcīs | |||
Vocative | inimīce | inimīca | inimīcum | inimīcī | inimīcae | inimīca |
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “inimicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “inimicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- inimicus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- inimicus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Professor Kidd, et al. Collins Gem Latin Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers (Glasgow: 2004). →ISBN. page 180.
Categories:
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms prefixed with in- (not)
- Latin 4-syllable words
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- Latin terms with Ecclesiastical IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin second declension nouns
- Latin masculine nouns in the second declension
- Latin masculine nouns
- Latin adjectives
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- Latin terms with quotations