Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰóstis
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Possibly from *gʰes- (“to eat”) + *-tis (abstract or action suffix). Compare Sanskrit घसति (ghásati), Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬵 (gah, “to eat, to gorge”).
Noun
[edit]Inflection
[edit]| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *gʰóstis | ||
| genitive | *gʰostéys | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *gʰóstis | *gʰóstih₁(e) | *gʰósteyes |
| vocative | *gʰósti | *gʰóstih₁(e) | *gʰósteyes |
| accusative | *gʰóstim | *gʰóstih₁(e) | *gʰóstims |
| genitive | *gʰostéys | *? | *gʰostéyoHom |
| ablative | *gʰostéys | *? | *gʰostímos |
| dative | *gʰostéyey | *? | *gʰostímos |
| locative | *gʰostéy, *gʰostḗy | *? | *gʰostísu |
| instrumental | *gʰostíh₁ | *? | *gʰostímis |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gastis
- Proto-Celtic: *gostis
- Lepontic: 𐌊𐌏𐌑𐌉𐌏 (kośio), 𐌖𐌅𐌀𐌌𐌏𐌊𐌏𐌆𐌉𐌔 (uvamokozis)
- Proto-Germanic: *gastiz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *hostis (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 269