communism

See also: Communism

English

The red flag.

Alternative forms

• Communism

Etymology

A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune +‎ -ism.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): [ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]
• (US) IPA^(key): [ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩], [ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): [ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)

2. Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.

   Synonym: (dated, rare) aspheterism

   • 1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley‎^[1], page 219:

     I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.

3. Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.
4. The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.
5. (rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).
   • 2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:

     A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.

Usage notes

• See also the definitions of Communism.

Derived terms

• anarchocommunism
• anarcho-communism (anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism)
• anticommunism (anti-communism)
• barracks communism
• cryptocommunism
• cybercommunism
• Eurocommunism
• Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism
• goulash communism
• Islamocommunism
• market communism
• military communism
• neocommunism
• noncommunism
• Obamunism
• para-communism
• postcommunism
• procommunism
• Serbo-Communism
• war communism

 

Related terms

• commie
• communal
• communalism
• commune
• communist
• communistic
• communistical
• communistically
• decommunisation

 

Translations

ideology/philosophy

• Afrikaans: kommunisme
• Albanian: komunizëm (sq) m
• Amharic: ኰሙኒስም (kʷämunism)
• Arabic: شُيُوعِيَّة f (šuyūʕiyya)

  Egyptian Arabic: شيوعية f (šuyūʕiyya)

• Aragonese: comunismo m
• Armenian: կոմունիզմ (hy) (komunizm)
• Assamese: সাম্যবাদ (xaimmobad)
• Asturian: comunismu m
• Azerbaijani: kommunizm
• Basque: komunismo
• Belarusian: камуні́зм m (kamunízm)
• Bengali: কমিউনিজম (komiunijom), সাম্যবাদ (bn) (śammobad)
• Bulgarian: комуни́зъм (bg) m (komunízǎm)
• Burmese: ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ် (kwanmrunacca.nac), ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ (kwanmrunac-wada.)
• Catalan: comunisme (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 共產主義／共产主义 (gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶)

  Eastern Min: 共產主義／共产主义 (gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê)

  Hokkien: 共產主義／共产主义 (kiōng-sán-chú-gī)

  Mandarin: 共產主義／共产主义 (zh) (gòngchǎnzhǔyì)

  Wu: 共產主義／共产主义 (⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni)

• Corsican: cumunismu m
• Czech: komunismus (cs) m
• Danish: kommunisme c
• Dutch: communisme (nl) n
• Esperanto: komunismo (eo)
• Estonian: kommunism
• Faroese: kommunisma f
• Finnish: kommunismi (fi)
• French: communisme (fr) m
• Galician: comunismo (gl) m
• Georgian: კომუნიზმი (ka) (ḳomunizmi)
• German: Kommunismus (de) m
• Greek: κομμουνισμός (el) m (kommounismós)
• Greenlandic: kommunistiussuseq
• Gujarati: સામ્યવાદ (sāmyavād)
• Hebrew: קוֹמוּנִיזְם (he) m (komunízm)
• Hindi: साम्यवाद (hi) m (sāmyavād), कम्युनिज़म m (kamyunizam), समानतावाद m (samāntāvād)
• Hungarian: kommunizmus (hu)
• Icelandic: kommúnismi m
• Ido: komunismo (io)
• Indonesian: komunisme (id)
• Irish: cumannachas m
• Italian: comunismo (it) m
• Japanese: 共産主義 (ja) (きょうさんしゅぎ, kyōsanshugi)
• Kannada: ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ (sāmyavāda)
• Kazakh: коммунизм (kk) (kommunizm)
• Khmer: កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម (kommuynɨh niyum), លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត (latthiʼ kommuynɨh)
• Korean: 공산주의(共產主義) (ko) (gongsanjuui)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: کۆمۆنیزم (komonîzm)

  Northern Kurdish: komûnîzm (ku)

• Kyrgyz: коммунизм (kommunizm)
• Lao: ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ (lat thi khǭm mū nit)
• Latin: communismus m
• Latvian: komunisms m
• Lingala: komynisimɛ
• Lithuanian: komunizmas (lt) m
• Low German:

  German Low German: Kommunismus m

• Lü: please add this translation if you can
• Luxembourgish: Kommunismus m
• Macedonian: комуни́зам m (komunízam)
• Malagasy: kominisma (mg), komonisma (mg)
• Malay: komunisme, faham komunis
• Malayalam: കമ്യൂണിസം (kamyūṇisaṁ), സാമ്യവാദം (sāmyavādaṁ)
• Maltese: komuniżmu m
• Manx: cummynys m
• Maori: whiwhingatahitanga
• Marathi: साम्यवाद m (sāmyavād)
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: коммунизм (mn) (kommunizm), эв хамт ёс (ev xamt jos) (China)

  Mongolian: ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ (kommünism), ᠡᠪ
  ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ
  ᠶᠣᠰᠤ (eb qamtu yosu)

• Nepali: साम्यवाद (sāmyavād)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kommunisme m

  Nynorsk: kommunisme m

• Occitan: comunisme (oc) m
• Odia: ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ (sāmjabāda)
• Pashto: کمونيزم m (kamūnizm)
• Persian:

  Iranian Persian: کُمونیسْم (fa) (komunism)

• Polish: komunizm (pl) m
• Portuguese: comunismo (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਸਾਮਵਾਦ (pa) m (sāmavād)
• Quechua: kumunismu
• Romanian: comunism (ro) n
• Russian: коммуни́зм (ru) m (kommunízm)
• Sardinian: comunismu m
• Scottish Gaelic: comannachd f, co-mhaoineas m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: комунѝзам m

  Roman: komunìzam (sh) m

• Sicilian: cumunismu m
• Sinhalese: සමසමාජවාදය (samasamājawādaya)
• Slovak: komunizmus m
• Slovene: komunizem (sl) m
• Spanish: comunismo (es) m
• Swahili: ukomunisti (sw)
• Swedish: kommunism (sv) c
• Tagalog: komunismo, kalamaan
• Tajik: коммунизм (tg) (kommunizm)
• Tamil: பொதுவுடமை (ta) (potuvuṭamai)
• Tatar: коммунизм (qommunizm)
• Telugu: సామ్యవాదము (sāmyavādamu)
• Thai: ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์ (lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít)
• Tibetan: གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས (gung khran ring lugs), དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས (dmar po'i ring lugs)
• Turkish: komünizm (tr), komünistlik (tr)
• Turkmen: kommunizm
• Tuvan: коммунизм (kommunizm)
• Ukrainian: комуні́зм (uk) m (komunízm)
• Urdu: اِشْتِمالِیَت f (iśtimāliyat), کَمْیُونِزْم m (kamyūnizm)
• Uyghur: كوممۇنىزم (kommunizm)
• Uzbek: kommunizm (uz)
• Venetan: comunismo m
• Vietnamese: chủ nghĩa cộng sản (vi) (主義共產)
• Volapük: kobädim (vo)
• Welsh: comiwnyddiaeth f
• West Frisian: kommunisme n
• White Hmong: please add this translation if you can
• Yiddish: קאָמוניזם m (komunizm)
• Zhuang: gungcanjcujyi, gungcanj cujyi

society

• Arabic: شُيُوعِيَّة f (šuyūʕiyya)
• Armenian: կոմունիզմ (hy) (komunizm)
• Bulgarian: комуни́зъм (bg) m (komunízǎm)
• Catalan: comunisme (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 共產主義／共产主义 (gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶)

  Hokkien: 共產主義／共产主义 (kiōng-sán-chú-gī)

  Mandarin: 共產主義／共产主义 (zh) (gòngchǎnzhǔyì)

• Danish: kommunisme c
• Dutch: communisme (nl) n
• Estonian: kommunism
• Finnish: kommunismi (fi)
• French: communisme (fr) m
• Galician: comunismo (gl) m
• Georgian: კომუნიზმი (ka) (ḳomunizmi)
• German: Kommunismus (de) m
• Greek: κομμουνισμός (el) m (kommounismós)
• Greenlandic: kommunistiussuseq
• Hungarian: kommunizmus (hu)
• Irish: cumannachas m
• Italian: comunismo (it) m
• Japanese: 共産主義 (ja) (きょうさんしゅぎ, kyōsanshugi)
• Korean: 공산주의(共產主義) (ko) (gongsanjuui)
• Latvian: komunisms m
• Lithuanian: komunizmas (lt) m
• Low German:

  German Low German: Kommunismus m

• Macedonian: комуни́зам m (komunízam)
• Malay: komunisme
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kommunisme m

  Nynorsk: kommunisme m

• Polish: komunizm (pl) m
• Portuguese: comunismo (pt) m
• Romanian: comunism (ro) n
• Russian: коммуни́зм (ru) m (kommunízm)
• Scottish Gaelic: co-mhaoineas m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: комунѝзам m

  Roman: komunìzam (sh) m

• Slovene: komunizem (sl) m
• Spanish: comunismo (es) m
• Swedish: kommunism (sv) c
• Turkish: komünizm (tr), komünistlik (tr)
• Urdu: اِشْتِمالِیَت f (iśtimāliyat), کَمْیُونِزْم m (kamyūnizm)
• Vietnamese: chế độ cộng sản
• Welsh: comiwnyddiaeth f

scientific norm

• Finnish: kommunismi (fi), tieteellinen kommunismi

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Breton: ^{(please verify)} komunouriezh
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} komunismo (eo)
• Galician: ^{(please verify)} comunismo (gl)
• Persian: ^{(please verify)} اصول اشتراکی
• Sicilian: ^{(please verify)} cumunismu
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} komunizmus
• Somali: ^{(please verify)} shuuciyad
• Swahili: ujamaa (sw) class u/u
• Urdu: ^{(please verify)} اِشْتِراکِیَت f (iśtirākiyat)

See also

• authoritarianism
• capitalism
• collectivism
• Hitlerism
• individualism
• leftism
• Leninism
• liberalism
• Maoism
• Marxism
• Marxism-Leninism
• National Socialism
• Nazism
• socialism
• Stalinism
• statism
• totalitarianism
• Trotskyism

 

Further reading

• "communism" in Raymond Williams, Keywords (revised), 1983, Fontana Press, page 73.